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Crohn’s strictures open with anti-mycobacterial antibiotic therapy:A retrospective review

World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2020年第12期12卷 542-554页

作者： Rhys Collyer Annabel Clancy gaurav Agrawal Thomas J Borody Centre for Digestive Diseases Five Dock 2046NSWAustralia

BACKGROUND Medical therapy for strictures is limited and first-line treatment consists of endoscopic balloon dilatation,strictureplasty or surgical *** tuberculosis,Helicobacter pylori and Streptococcus can all cause stenosis,for which antibiotic treatment achieves stricture *** avium *** is a suspected causative agent in Crohn’s disease(CD).Thus,specialized antimicrobial treatment,in particular,anti-mycobacterial antibiotic therapy(AMAT)has been proposed as a potential treatment *** our knowledge,the opening of CD strictures has not been recorded using any form of antibiotic *** hypothesized that AMAT would resolve strictures in patients with *** To investigate the effect and outcomes of AMAT in a cohort of CD patients with an ileal *** A single center,retrospective,medical record case review was conducted on an observational cohort of patients with CD who had an ileal stricture on colonoscopy and were treated with *** patients meeting the inclusion criteria were identified from the internal medical ***(75%)patients had follow-up colonoscopy and clinical data *** AMAT regimen was prescribed after the initial colonoscopy for a duration of at least six months until follow-up colonoscopy with the attending *** demographics,symptoms,colonoscopy reports,inflammatory serum markers and concurrent medications were recorded at pre-treatment and follow-up between January 1995 and June *** Of the patients that returned for follow-up after>24 mo of AMAT,twenty(67%)had complete resolution(CR)of their ileal strictures,three(10%)had partial resolution and seven(23%)had no *** of stricture outcome,21 patients(70%)demonstrated clinical response to AMAT and there was a statistically significant reduction in inflammatory serum markers C-reactive protein(P<0.0001)and erythrocyte sedimentation rate(P=0.04)from pretreatm

关键词： Antibiotics Colonoscopy Crohn’s disease Ileum Inflammatory bowel disease Stricture

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Intracranial Abscesses: An Institutional Study

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Open Journal of Modern Neurosurgery 2020年第2期10卷 297-306页

作者： Yogendra Singh Tarun Kumar Gupta gaurav Jaiswal Krishna Lodha Neurosurgery Department R.N.T Medical College Udaipur Rajasthan India

Background: Brain abscess is defined as a focal intracranial infection that is initiated as an area of cerebritis and evolves into a collection of pus surrounded by a vascularized capsule. These are complications of head trauma, neurosurgical operations, meningitis, and otogenic, mastoid, and paranasal air sinus infections. Management involves both medical and surgical treatment. Surgical management includes either aspiration or excision of lesions larger than 2.5 cm in diameter, depending on brain location. However, literature on surgical treatment is replete with several procedures which, on their own, may not determine outcome. Aim: Aim is to study the epidemiology, management and outcome of various treatment modalities of brain abscess in our institute. Material and Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of demographic data as well as indications, treatment modalities, and outcomes of various surgical procedures for evacuation of intracranial abscesses in patients admitted to our Neuro-intensive care unit at R.N.T. Medical College, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India from January 2013 to June 2019. Results: We carried out 53 procedures in 43 (30 male and 13 female) patients with various intracranial abscesses. Most abscesses [16, i.e. 37%] occurred in the second decade and second most common in the first decade [15, i.e. 34%]. In infants 4 (9%) cases of intracranial abscesses were present. None of the infants had features of congenital heart disease. The predisposing factors were mostly otolaryngologic (15) or posttraumatic (8). Most commonly abscesses were located in frontal 13 (30%) followed by cerebellar 9 (21%). Burr hole evacuation was done in 74% of cases. 3 patients (7% of cases) died. Prognosis appears to worsen with ventriculitis, multiple abscesses especially in infants, and immunosuppression. Conclusion: In conclusion, brain abscess still continues to be a formidable challenge, with prognosis that dramatically improved over the last decades due to advances

关键词： Brain Abscess Aspiration Cerebritis

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Feedback Reliability Ratio of an Intrusion Detection System

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Journal of Information Security 2012年第3期3卷 238-244页

作者： Usha Banerjee gaurav Batra K. V. Arya Department of Computer Science and Engineering College of Engineering Roorkee (COER) Roorkee India Department of ICT Atal Bihari Vajpayee Indian Institute of Information Technology and Management Gwalior India

The behavior and nature of attacks and threats to computer network systems have been evolving rapidly with the advances in computer security technology. At the same time however, computer criminals and other malicious elements find ways and methods to thwart such protective measures and find techniques of penetrating such secure systems. Therefore adaptability, or the ability to learn and react to a consistently changing threat environment, is a key requirement for modern intrusion detection systems. In this paper we try to develop a novel metric to assess the performance of such intrusion detection systems under the influence of attacks. We propose a new metric called feedback reliability ratio for an intrusion detection system. We further try to modify and use the already available statistical Canberra distance metric and apply it to intrusion detection to quantify the dissimilarity between malicious elements and normal nodes in a network.

关键词： Attacks Canberra Metric Feedback Intrusion Detection Performance Reliability

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Spectrum of Primary Glomerular Diseases in Patients Presenting with Urinary Abnormalities

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Open Journal of Nephrology 2022年第4期12卷 451-459页

作者： gaurav Vohra Kumar Anand Shrutiraaj Himani Dalal Gurjeet Singh Chowdhary Army Command Hospital Chandimandir India Medicine Army Hospital YOL India

Introduction: Primary Glomerular Diseases are a spectrum of renal disorders of unknown aetiology with distinct characteristics, specific natural history and prognosis. A thorough evaluation is prerequisite to establish the diagnosis since many systemic diseases and secondary aetiology masquerade as primary diseases. Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted at a tertiary care centre and included 30 patients, with clinical features suggestive of primary glomerular diseases, of which 23 patients (76.6%) were males and 07 patients (23.33%) were females. The mean age at presentation was 37.23 ± 12.89 years. Among the observed spectrum of Primary Glomerular Diseases, IgA Nephropathy (IgA N) was seen in 26.67% patients, Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) in 20% patients and Membranous Glomerulopathy (MGN) in 13.33% patients, whereas the incidence of other abnormalities had less percentage contribution. Proteinuria was the commonest presentation seen in 60% patients, followed by Microscopic Haematuria in 20%. Mean Serum Creatinine was 0.99 ± 0.16 mg/dl. Mean Serum Albumin was 2.51 ± 0.76 gm/dl. Overall Nephrotic range proteinuria was observed in 15 (50%) patients. Results: IgA N, FSGS & MGN were the commonest observed Primary Glomerular Diseases. Proteinuria, Haematuria, Anasarca and Pedal Oedema were the commonest observed clinical presentations. Conclusions: In this studied series IgA Nephropathy, FSGS and MGN were the most prevelant diagnoses in the patients presenting with Urinary Abnormality. Nephrotic range Protenuria was the major indication for biopsy, there is a temporal variation in glomerulopathies wherein there is increase in incidence of IgA Nephropathy and decrease in incidence of FSGS.

关键词： Protenuria Primary Glomerular Disease IgA Nephropathy Creatinine

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Non-linear oscillations in TCP networks with Drop-Tail buffers

Non-linear oscillations in TCP networks with Drop-Tail buffe...

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第25届中国控制与决策会议

作者： Nizar Malangadan Haseen Rahman gaurav Raina India-UK Advanced Technology Centre of Excellence in Next Generation Networks Department of Electrical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras

ISBN: (纸本)9781467355339

Our focus is on a non-linear, time delayed, fluid model for Compound TCP （C-TCP） which is widely implemented in the current Internet. We couple this model with a Drop-Tail queue policy, currently deployed in routers, in two different limiting regimes: a small buffer and an intermediate buffer regime. We consider a topology where two distinct sets of long lived Compound flows, each regulated by separate edge routers, merge at a common core network router. For both the small and the intermediate router buffer regimes, we derive explicit analytical conditions under which synchronisation would occur between the two competing sets of TCP flows. The conditions are made explicit in terms of a coupling strength, which depends on Compound parameters and on network parameters like the feedback delay, link capacity and router buffer sizes. Variations in the coupling strength can lead to the emergence of deterministic, nonlinear, oscillations in the form of limit cycles in the queue size. Our analytical results are corroborated with packet-level simulations. With Drop-Tail, small buffers were found to be preferable over intermediate buffers;they can ensure both low latency and stable queues, at least in high speed networks.

关键词： Compound TCP Drop-Tail queues congestion control delayed feedback synchronisation.

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Stability analysis of Compound TCP with Adaptive Virtual Queues

Stability analysis of Compound TCP with Adaptive Virtual Que...

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第25届中国控制与决策会议

作者： Anand Rao Amit Warrier gaurav Raina India-UK Advanced Technology Centre of Excellence in Next Generation Networks Department of Electrical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras

ISBN: (纸本)9781467355339

Compound TCP （C-TCP） is currently the default transport layer protocol in the Windows operating system. We study a non-linear fluid model of Compound along with Virtual Queue （VQ） management schemes in network routers. One can implement virtual queue policies either non-adaptively or adaptively. The Adaptive Virtual Queue （AVQ）, in particular, has the objective of driving the link utilisation to a desired level. The stability analysis of non-adaptive virtual queues reveals that smaller virtual buffer sizing rules help stability. Small virtual buffers would quite naturally reduce queueing delays in routers. Some guidelines for Compound and network parameters to ensure local stability are outlined. Analysis of the AVQ policy shows that the system is prone to losing local stability with large feedback delays, high link capacities, and with variations in the AVQ damping factor. We further show that the loss of local stability would occur via a Hopf bifurcation. Based on the analysis, our recommendation is that a virtual queue, with small buffer sizes, could be an attractive queue management scheme.

关键词： Compound TCP virtual queue management non-linear systems local stability Hopf bifurcation.

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Enterolithiasis complicating eosinophilic enteritis:A case report and review of literature

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2009年第1期1卷 68-70页

作者： Nairuthya Shivathirthan gaurav Maheshwari Dinesh Kamath Premashish Haldar Department of Surgical Gastroenterology Jagjivanram HospitalNairuthya S D-78Jagjivanram Hospital CampusMaratha Mandir MargMumbai Central

We report a case of eosinophilic enteritis involving the proximal small bowel,a relatively rare entity,presenting unusually as enteroliths in a 68-year-old man with complaints of anemia,malena and abdominal *** disease if diagnosed in the initial stages responds well to medical treatment but if associated with complications or misdiagnosed,surgical modality is the treatment of *** our case,the patient presented with enteroliths and *** and anastomosis of the small bowel containing stones was carried *** conf irmed the diagnosis as eosinophilic enteritis.

关键词： Eosinophilic enteritis Enteroliths Eosinophils Gastroenteritis

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How to improve a urology outpatient service? A survey of patient satisfaction

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World Journal of Clinical Urology 2013年第3期2卷 46-52页

作者： Szilveszter Lukacs Benjamin Tschobotko gaurav Mukerji Justin Vale Evangelos Mazaris Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust St. Mary’s Hospital London W2 1NY United Kingdom

AIM: To investigate and improve our out-patients department patient satisfaction, provide minimum consultation delay and appropriate consultation duration to meet with targets. METHODS: We distributed the modified satisfaction with outpatient service(SWOPS) questionnaires developed for use in Irish hospitals by the Health Services Research between August and December 2012. The patient disclosed their age and sex and completed the modified SWOPS questionnaire anonymously. Every patient was eligible to participate in the study who attended any of the Urology Outpatient Clinics. Patients lacking capacity to consent were excluded. Additionally, each patient was only permitted to complete one questionnaire regardless of repeat attendances within the 4 mo study period. The answers to every question were presented as percentages. One-way ANOVA was used to establish whether there was a significant difference in appointment delay and "Overall Satisfaction"on the different clinic days. The unpaired t-test was applied to establish whether "Overall Satisfaction" was affected by diagnosis(benign or malignant). Paired t-test was used to establish whether "Overall Satisfaction" was affected by appointment delay and appointment length. RESULTS: Three hundred and forty-eight questionnaires were completed with an overall > 65% participation rate. Eighty-one point six percent were male and 18.4% female with a mean age of 65 ± 21 years. Mean delay time was 32 min, which 30.6% stated should be an improvement priority. The delay times for Wednesday(mean 13 min) were significantly(P < 0.05) lower than for other days(mean 36 min). Generally 12-15 min outpatient appointment length is acceptable and adequate for patients as 97.70% suggested, however 31.60% of patients would favour longer duration. Eleven point four nine percent do not want to see different doctors each time, and 31.60% of the patient feel that no change is required. Average satisfaction was 84.65%. There was no significant r

关键词： Satisfaction with outpatient service questionnaire Patient satisfaction Outpatient department Survey Service delivery

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中国新时期农村扶贫与村级贫困瞄准

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管理世界 2007年第1期23卷 56-64页

作者：汪三贵 Albert Park Shubham Chaudhuri gaurav Datt 中国人民大学农业与农村发展学院密西根大学经济系世界银行

我们采用国家统计局的农村住户调查和世界银行的专项村级调查数据,通过分析贫困村确定的准确性、决定因素以及贫困人口的覆盖率来评价中国农村扶贫计划中村级瞄准的效率。研究结果表明,尽管越是低收入组的村被确定为贫困村的可能性越大... 详细信息

我们采用国家统计局的农村住户调查和世界银行的专项村级调查数据,通过分析贫困村确定的准确性、决定因素以及贫困人口的覆盖率来评价中国农村扶贫计划中村级瞄准的效率。研究结果表明,尽管越是低收入组的村被确定为贫困村的可能性越大,但贫困村覆盖不完全和非贫困村被定为贫困村的问题依然比较严重。总体而言,以收入为标准和在精确瞄准状态下应该被确定为贫困村的村中有48%的村没有被瞄准。确定贫困村的主要决定因素是收入水平、贫困发生率、基础设施和社会服务的可获得性以及偏远程度等,这与中央政府确定贫困村的原则和推荐方案是一致的。2001年,有59%的极端贫困人口居住在贫困村内,但这一比重在2004年下降到51%。与其他地区和非贫困县相比,西部地区和贫困县确定的贫困村覆盖了更高比例的贫困人口。总体上看,由于东部和中部地区以及非贫困县更大的瞄准错误,村级瞄准并没有比县级瞄准覆盖更多的贫困人口。中国政府扶贫部门需要在非西部地区和非贫困县改善贫困瞄准方式和提高扶贫机构的能力,提高瞄准的准确性和效率。

关键词：农村贫困贫困瞄准贫困村扶贫投资

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Near-sensor computing-assisted simultaneous viral antigen and antibody detection via integrated label-free biosensors with microfluidics

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InfoMat 2023年第10期5卷 80-95页

作者： Byungjoon Bae Yongmin Baek Jeongyong Yang Heesung Lee Charana S.S.Sonnadara Sangeun Jung Minseong Park Doeon Lee Sihwan Kim gaurav Giri Sahil Shah Geonwook Yoo William APetri Kyusang Lee Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVirginiaUSA School of Electronic Engineering Soongsil UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of MarylandCollege ParkMarylandUSA Department of Chemical Engineering University of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVirginiaUSA Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health Department of MedicineSchool of MedicineUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVirginiaUSA Department of Material Science and Engineering University of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVirginiaUSA Department of Intelligent Semiconductors Soongsil UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea

Precise diagnosis and immunity to viruses,such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus(MERS-CoV)is achieved by the detection of the viral antigens and/or corresponding antibodies,***,a widely used antigen detection methods,such as polymerase chain reaction(PCR),are complex,expensive,and time-consuming Furthermore,the antibody test that detects an asymptomatic infection and immunity is usually performed separately and exhibits relatively low *** achieve a simplified,rapid,and accurate diagnosis,we have demonstrated an indium gallium zinc oxide(IGZO)-based biosensor field-effect transistor(bio-FET)that can simultaneously detect spike proteins and antibodies with a limit of detection(LOD)of 1 pg mL–1 and 200 ng mL–1,respectively using a single assay in less than 20 min by integrat-ing microfluidic channels and artificial neural networks(ANNs).The near-sensor ANN-aided classification provides high diagnosis accuracy(>93%)with significantly reduced processing time(0.62%)and energy consumption(5.64%)compared to the software-based *** believe that the development of rapid and accurate diagnosis system for the viral antigens and antibodies detec-tion will play a crucial role in preventing global viral outbreaks.

关键词： artificial intelligence biosensor edge-computing integration microfluidic

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