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Anticoagulant modulation of inflammation in severe sepsis

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World Journal of Critical Care Medicine 2015年第2期4卷 105-115页

作者： Karen S Allen Eva Sawheny gary t kinasewitz Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center

Inflammation and coagulation are so tightly linked that the cytokine storm which accompanies the development of sepsis initiates thrombin activation and the development of an intravascular coagulopathy. this review examines the interaction between the inflammatory and coagulation cascades, as well as the role of endogenous anticoagulants in regulating this interaction and dampening the activity of both pathways. Clinical trials attempting to improve outcomes in patients with severe sepsis by inhibiting thrombin generation with heparin and or endogenous anticoagulants are reviewed. In general, these trials have failed to demonstrate that anticoagulant therapy is associated with improvement in mortality or morbidity. While it is possible that selective patients who are severelyill with a high expected mortality may be shown to benefit from such therapy, at the present time none of these anticoagulants are neither approved nor can they be recommended for the treatment of sepsis.

关键词： Inflammation Protein C Heparin tissue factor pathway inhibitor thrombomodulin Antithrombin Sepsis Coagulation Neutrophil extracellular traps

Long-term Integration Ability of the Submillimeter Wave Astronomy Satellite(SWAS)Spectral Line Receivers

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第6期24卷 315-322页

作者： Bing-Ru Wang Di Li Paul F.Goldsmith Jingwen Wu Chao-Wei tsai Rudolf Schieder gary J.Melnick National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Research Center for Astronomical Computing Zhejiang LaboratoryHangzhou 311100China Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCA 91109USA Institute for Frontiers in Astronomy and Astrophysics Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 102206China KOSMA I.Physik.InstitutUniversität zu KölnZülpicher Str.7750937 KölnGermany Center for Astrophysics|Harvard&Smithsonian 60 Garden StreetMS 66CambridgeMA 02138USA

the Submillimeter Wave Astronomy Satellite(SWAS)was the first space telescope capable of high spectral resolution observations of terahertz spectral *** have investigated the integration ability of its two receivers and spectrometer during five and a half years of on-orbit *** CI,O_(2),H_(2)O,and^(13)CO spectra taken toward all observed Galactic sources were *** present results are based on spectra with a total integration time of up to 2.72×10~4hr(■10~8s).the noise in the spectra is generally consistent with that expected from the radiometer equation,without any sign of approaching a noise *** noise performance reflects the extremely stable performance of the passively cooled front end as well as other relevant components in the SWAS instrument throughout its mission lifetime.

关键词： telescopes space vehicles:instruments instrumentation:miscellaneous ISM:lines and bands

Recovery rates of persistent post-COVID-19 olfactory dysfunction using psychophysical assessment:A longitudinal cohort study

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2024年第2期10卷 79-87页

作者： Jeremy P.tervo Patricia t.Jacobson Brandon J.Vilarello tiana M.Saak Francesco F.Caruana Liam W.Gallagher Joseph B.gary David A.Gudis Paule V.Joseph D.P.Devanand terry E.Goldberg Jonathan B.Overdevest Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons New YorkNew YorkUSA Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery New York-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery University of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Section of Sensory Science and Metabolism&National Institute of Nursing ResearchBethesdaMarylandUSA New York-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center New YorkNew YorkUSA

Objectives:Persistent olfactory dysfunction(OD)following loss of smell associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection is a major feature of long *** on the prevalence of persistent OD predominantly rely on self-reported olfactory *** studies have tracked longitudinal rates of recovery using psychophysical assessment among patients presenting for evaluation of persistent OD beyond a window of acute *** anchored in standardized testing methods are needed to counsel patients who fail to acutely regain their sense of *** study aims to quantify the degree of persistent OD in post-COVID-19 patients who experience subjective and psychophysical ***:We grouped participants presenting for OD evaluation into cohorts based on both subjective and psychophysical olfactory status at a baseline assessment and assessed their olfactory abilities with a visual analogue scale and the Sniffin'Sticks extended test at baseline and 1-year time *** had confirmed a history of COVID-19 by lab evaluation or clinical diagnosis if lab evaluation was not ***:Baseline olfactory evaluation was completed by 122 participants,53 of whom completed the 1-year follow-up *** participants presenting with perceived OD,74.5%had confirmed psychophysical OD at baseline,with 55.1%at 1-year *** had reliable trends in self-rated versus psychophysically tested olfactory function at both time *** total threshold,discrimination,and identification(tDI)score improved by+3.25 points in the cohort with psychophysical OD(p=0.0005),with this improvement largely attributable to an increase in median threshold scores(+2.75 points;p=0.0004).Conclusions:OD persists in a significant number of patients who fail to acutely recovery their sense of smell after COVID-19,with many demonstrating lingering deficits at *** in threshold,but not discrimination or identification,most significantly mediate improvement

关键词： long COVID olfaction post-COVID condition smell dysfunction

Luteolin， a common flavone in vegetables， acts as a hormetin possessing neurotrophic function: signaling mediated by inducing mitochondrial stress

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Alex Xiong Gao tracy Chenxi Xia Maggie Suisui Guo gary Kawing Yuen Kevin Qiyun Wu tina tingxia Dong Karl Wah-Keung tsim Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources HKUSt Shenzhen Research Institute Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine the Hong Kong University of Science and technology

this study aims to uncover the hormetic process of luteolin， a common dietary flavone， in neuronal cells through its role in inducing mitochondrial stress. In rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells， luteolin at low concentrations caused a mild and reversible loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP)， while high concentrations of luteolin triggered intense and sustained depolarization of MMP. the MMP disturbance was shown to have a close association with the trophic and/or toxic effects triggered by luteolin; because the common mitochondrial uncouplers shared similar bi-phase dose-response on cell viability， as that of luteolin. Along with the induced MMP pertubation， luteolin triggered the development of autophagy and mitophagy， as determined by mCherry-GFP-LC3B tandem protein， and by the co-localization of mitochondrial/lysosomal staining. Subsequent application of autophagy inhibitors in the cultures blocked the luteolin-induced neurotrophic activities and sensitized the cells to be less resistant to luteolin-mediated cytotoxicity. Other flavonoids also displayed similar properties in the cultures， indicating that these compounds act as hormetic pharmacological inducers that stimulate cells to become more resilient and adapt to threats. this study provides a unifying mechanistic explanation for the neuro-beneficial effects of luteolin and other flavonoids.

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Philippine retinoblastoma initiative multi-eye center study 2010-2020

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第1期17卷 144-156页

作者： Roland Joseph D.tan gary John V.Mercado Patricia E.Cabrera Paulita Pamela P.Astudillo Rolando Enrique D.Domingo Josept Mari S.Poblete Charmaine Grace M.Cabebe Adriel Vincent R.te Melissa Anne S.Gonzales Jocelyn G.Sy Beltran Alexis A.Aclan Jayson t.So Fatima G.Regala Kimberley Amanda K.Comia Josemaria M.Castro Mara Augustine S.Galang Aldous Dominic C.Cabanlas Benedicto Juan E.Aguilar Gabrielle S.Evangelista Jo Michael Maniwan Andrei P.Martin Calvin Y.Martinez John Alfred H.Lim Rena Ivy Bascuna Rachel M.Ng Kevin B.Agsaoay Kris Zanna A.Acluba-Arao Ellaine Rose V.Apostol Beatriz M.Prieto Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Philippine General HospitalManila 1000Philippines Department of Ophthalmology Baguio General Hospital and Medical CenterBaguio City 2600Philippines Department of Ophthalmology Manila Doctors HospitalManila 1000Philippines Department of Ophthalmology Rizal Medical CenterPasig City 1600Philippines Department of Ophthalmology Jose B.Lingad Memorial Regional HospitalPampanga 2000Philippines Department of Ophthalmology Southern Philippines Medical CenterDavao City 8000Philippines Department of Ophthalmology East Avenue Medical CenterQuezon City 1100Philippines Department of Ophthalmology Northern Mindanao Medical CenterCagayan de Oro City 9000Philippines Department of Ophthalmology Cebu Velez General HospitalCebu City 6000Philippines Legazpi Eye Center Legazpi City 4500Philippines Department of Ophthalmology Cagayan Valley Medical CenterTuguegarao City 3500Philippines

AIM:to provide a comprehensive and more representative national data on the disease,especially on treatment options and outcomes,and to determine access of retinoblastoma patients from Luzon,Visayas and Mindanao to eye care,and determine if access is associated with delay in consultation,staging and ***:Cohort study of retinoblastoma patients seen in eleven institutions located in the three major areas of the Philippines namely Luzon,Vizayas and Mindanao from ***:totally 636 patients,involving 821 eyes,were ***(57%)were from Luzon and were seen in institutions in Luzon(72%).Annually,58±10 new cases were seen with 71%having unilateral *** delay of consultation remained long at 9(3,17)mo,longest in patients with unilateral disease(Pthose from the Visayas(Pthe International Retinoblastoma Staging System,only 35%of patients had Stage 1 while 47%already had extraocular *** was the most common treatment received by 484 patients while intravenous chemotherapy was received by *** were 250(39%)patients alive,195(31%)dead,85(13%)abandoned,17(3%)refused and 89(14%)with no ***:this study presents the largest cohort of retinoblastoma patients in the Philippines in terms of patients’and participating institutions’number and geographical location and type of institution(private and public).It also presents more comprehensive data on the treatments used and outcomes(survival,globe salvage,and vision retention rates).Delay in consultation was still long among patients leading to advanced disease stage and lower survival *** increasing capacity to diagnose and manage retinoblastoma in the country,the delay of consultation remains long primarily due to accessibility issues to eye care institutions especially in the Visayas and financial *** delay was still significant that overall survival rate remain low.

关键词： retinoblastoma Philippines clinical profile

Influence of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation on the Winter Climate of East China

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2007年第1期24卷 126-135页

作者：李双林 gary t.BAtES Nansen-Zhu International Research Centre Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029 NOAA ESRL-CIRES Climate Diagnostics CenterUniversity of ColoradoBoulderColorado NOAA ESRL-CIRES Climate Diagnostics Center University of ColoradoBoulderColorado

the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation （AMO）, the multidecadal variation of North Atlantic sea surface temperature （SSt）, exhibits an oscillation with a period of 65-80 years and an amplitude of 0.4℃. Observational composite analyses reveal that the warm phase AMO is linked to warmer winters in East China, with enhanced precipitation in the north of this region and reduced precipitation in the south, on multidecadal time scales. the pattern is reversed during the cold phase AMO. Whether the AMO acts as a forcing of the multidecadal winter climate of East China is explored by investigating the atmospheric response to warm AMO SSt anomalies in a large ensemble of atmospheric general circulation model （AGCM） experiments. the results from three AGCMs are consistent and suggest that the AMO warmth favors warmer winters in East China. this influence is realized through inducing negative surface air pressure anomalies in the hemispheric-wide domain extending from the midlatitude North Atlantic to midlatitude Eurasia. these negative surface anomalies favor the weakening of the Mongolian Cold High, and thus induce a weaker East Asian Winter Monsoon.

关键词： Atlantic Multidccadal Oscillation winter climate East China

Iron-Catalysed C(sp^(2))-H Borylation with Expanded Functional Group tolerance

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2022年第24期40卷 2875-2881页

作者： Luke Britton Jamie H.Docherty gary S.Nichol Andrew P.Dominey Stephen P.thomas EaStCHEM School of Chemistry University of EdinburghEdinburghEH93FJ United Kingdom GSK Medicines Research Centre StevenageSG12NY United Kingdom

Arene C(sp^(2))-H bond borylation offers direct and efficient access to aryl boronic *** in situ catalyst activation and photoirradiation,the iron-catalysed C(sp^(2))-H borylation reaction of carboarenes,pyrroles,and indoles has been developed using only bench-stable pre-catalysts and *** functional group tolerance was observed including those not reported using previous methods(ArNH_(2),ArOH,ArSiR_(3),ArP(O)(O)_(2),ArC(O)NR_(2)).Mechanistic studies revealed iron-catalysed reductive deoxygenation,C—F protodefluorination,and a demethylation of aryl methyl ethers by C—O sigma bond hydroboration.

关键词： Iron Earth-abundant C-H borylation Boron Photochemistry

Reliable Space Pursuing for Reliability-based Design Optimization with Black-box Performance Functions

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2009年第1期22卷 27-35页

作者： SHAN Songqing WANG G gary Department of Mech. and Manufacturing Engineering the University of Manitoba Winnipeg MB R3T 5 V6 Canada School of Engineering Science Simon Fraser University Surrey BC V3T OA3 Canada

Reliability-based design optimization （RBDO） is intrinsically a double-loop procedure since it involves an overall optimization and an iterative reliability assessment at each search point. Due to the double-loop procedure, the computational expense of RBDO is normally very high. Current RBDO research focuses on problems with explicitly expressed performance functions and readily available gradients. this paper addresses a more challenging type of RBDO problem in which the performance functions are computation intensive. these computation intensive functions are often considered as a ＂black-box＂ and their gradients are not available or not reliable. On the basis of the reliable design space （RDS） concept proposed earlier by the authors, this paper proposes a Reliable Space Pursuing （RSP） approach, in which RDS is first identified and then gradually refined while optimization is performed. It fundamentally avoids the nested optimization and probabilistic assessment loop. three well known RBDO problems from the literature are used for testing and demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed RSP method.

关键词： Reliability based design optimization black-box function reliable design space

Iron-carbon composite microspheres prepared through a facile aerosol-based process for the simultaneous adsorption and reduction of chlorinated hydrocarbons

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2015年第5期9卷 939-947页

作者： Bhanukiran SUNKARA Yang SU Jingjing ZHAN Jibao HE gary L. MCPHERSON Vijay t. JOHN Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Tulane University New Orleans LA 70118 USA Coordinated Instrumentation Facility Tulane University New Orleans LA 70118 USA Department of Chemistry Tulane University New Orleans

Iron-carbon （Fe-C） composite microspheres prepared through a facile aerosol-based process are effective remediation agents for the simultaneous adsorp- tion and reduction of chlorinated hydrocarbons. Complete dechlorination was achieved for the class of chlorinated ethenes that include tetrachloroethylene （PCE）, trichlor- oethylene （tCE）, cis- and trans-l,2-dicloroethylene （c- DCE, t-DCE）, 1,1-dichloroethylene （1,1-DCE） and, vinyl chloride （VC）. the Fe-C particles potentially provides multi-functionality with requisite characteristics of adsorp- tion, reaction, and transport for the effective in situ remediation of chlorinated hydrocarbons. the carbon support immobilizes the ferromagnetic iron nanoparticles onto its surface, thereby inhibiting aggregation. the adsorptive nature of the carbon support prevents the release of toxic intermediates such as the dichloroethylenes and vinyl chloride. the adsorption of chlorinated ethenes on the Fe-C composites is higher （〉 80%） than that of humic acid （〈 35%） and comparable to adsorption on commercial activated carbons （〉 90%）. the aerosol-based process is an efficient method to prepare adsorptive- reactive composite particles in the optimal size range for transport through the porous media and as effective targeted delivery agents for the in situ remediation of soil and groundwater contaminants.

关键词： chlorinated ethene iron-carbon aerosol,adsorption reductive dechlorination