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Genetic diseases conferring resistance to infectious diseases

Genes & Diseases 2015年第3期2卷 247-254页

作者： Isabelle C.Withrock Stephen J.Anderson Matthew A.Jefferson garrett r.mccormack Gregory S.A.Mlynarczyk Aron Nakama Jennifer K.Lange Carrie A.Berg Sreemoyee Acharya Matthew L.Stock Melissa S.Lind K.C.Luna Naveen C.Kondru Sireesha Manne Bhavika B.Patel Bierlein Mde la rosa Kuei-Pin Huang Shaunik Sharma Hilary Z.Hu Sri Harsha Kanuri Steve A.Carlson Department of Biomedical Sciences Iowa State University College of Veterinary MedicineAmesIA 50011USA Department of Psychology Iowa State University College of Liberal Arts and SciencesAmesIA 50011USA Department of Kinesiology Iowa State University College of Liberal Arts and SciencesAmesIA 50011USA Department of Genetics Developmental and Cell BiologyIowa State University College of Liberal Arts and SciencesAmesIA 50011USA Neuroscience Interdepartmental Program Iowa State UniversityAmesIA 50011USA

This review considers available evidence for mechanisms of conferred adaptive advantages in the face of specific infectious *** short,we explore a number of genetic conditions,which carry some benefits in adverse circumstances including exposure to infectious *** examples discussed are conditions known to result in resistance to a specific infectious disease,or have been proposed as being associated with resistance to various infectious *** infectious diseasedgenetic disorder pairings include malaria and hemoglobinopathies,cholera and cystic fibrosis,tuberculosis and Tay-Sachs disease,mycotic abortions and phenylketonuria,infection by enveloped viruses and disorders of glycosylation,infection by filoviruses and NiemannePick C1 disease,as well as rabies and myasthenia *** also discuss two genetic conditions that lead to infectious disease hypersusceptibility,although we did not cover the large number of immunologic defects leading to infectious disease *** of the resistance-associated pairings(malaria/hemogloginopathies,cholera/cystic fibrosis,tuberculosis/Tay-Sachs,and mycotic abortions/phenylketonuria)appear to be a result of selection pressures in geographic regions in which the specific infectious agent is *** other pairings do not appear to be based on selection pressure and instead may be ***,research investigating these relationships may lead to treatment options for the aforementioned diseases by exploiting established mechanisms between genetically affected cells and infectious *** may prove invaluable as a starting point for research in the case of diseases that currently have no reliably curative treatments,e.g.,HIV,rabies,and Ebola.

关键词： Disease Infectious Pathogen Polymorphism resistance Susceptibility

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肠上皮细胞Axin1缺失可调节肠道微生态预防结肠炎

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Engineering 2024年第4期35卷 241-256页

作者： Shari garrett Yongguo Zhang Yinglin Xia Jun Sun Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of MedicineUniversity of Illinois ChicagoChicagoIL 60612USA Department of Microbiology and Immunology College of MedicineUniversity of Illinois ChicagoChicagoIL 60612USA Cancer Center University of Illinois ChicagoChicagoIL 60612USA Jesse Brown VA Medical Center ChicagoIL 60612USA

Intestinal homeostasis is maintained by specialized host cells and the gut ***/β-catenin signaling is essential for gastrointestinal development and homeostasis,and its dysregulation has been implicated in inflammation and colorectal ***1 negatively regulates activated Wnt/β-catenin signaling,but little is known regarding its role in regulating host–microbial interactions in health and ***,we aim to demonstrate that intestinal Axin1 determines gut homeostasis and host response to ***1 expression was analyzed in human inflammatory bowel disease *** explore the effects and mechanism of intestinal Axin1 in regulating intestinal homeostasis and colitis,we generated new mouse models with Axin1 conditional knockout in intestinal epithelial cell(IEC;Axin1^(ΔIEC))and Paneth cell(PC;Axin1^(ΔPC))to compare with control(Axin1^(LoxP);LoxP:locus of X-over,P1)*** found increased Axin1 expression in the colonic epithelium of human inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).Axin1^(ΔIEC) mice exhibited altered goblet cell spatial distribution,PC morphology,reduced lysozyme expression,and enriched Akkermansia muciniphila(***).The absence of intestinal epithelial and PC Axin1 decreased susceptibility to dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)-induced colitis in ***1^(ΔIEC) and Axin1^(ΔPC)mice became more susceptible to DSS-colitis after cohousing with control *** with *** reduced DSS-colitis *** treatment did not change the IEC proliferation in the Axin1Loxp ***,the intestinal proliferative cells in Axin1^(ΔIEC)mice with antibiotic treatment were reduced compared with those in Axin1^(ΔIEC) mice without *** data suggest non-colitogenic effects driven by the gut *** conclusion,we found that the loss of intestinal Axin1 protects against colitis,likely driven by epithelial Axin1 and Axin1-associated *** study demonstrates a novel role of Axin1 in mediating intes

关键词： Axin1 Bacteria Microbiome inflammation Inflammatory bowel disease Immunity Microbiome Paneth cells Akkermansia muciniphila Wnt

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Colored Pens

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空中英语教室（初级版．大家说英语） 2024年第9期 39-40,55页

作者： garrett Hart 不详

Sally and her friend Beth are walking in the community *** started taking a craft class there a few weeks ago."Wasn't that a fun class,Sally?"asks Beth."It was!I want to get some supplies today.I need a few things for... 详细信息

关键词： center. class Sal

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Neurosurgical and pharmacological management of dystonia

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第5期14卷 624-634页

作者： Ali Ahmed Mohamed Steven Faragalla Asad Khan garrett Flynn Gersham rainone Phillip Mitchell Johansen Brandon Lucke-Wold Charles E Schmidt College of Medicine Florida Atlantic UniversityBoca RatonFL 33431United States Department of Neurosurgery and Brain repair University of South FloridaTampaFL 33606United States Department of Neurosurgery University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32611United States

Dystonia characterizes a group of neurological movement disorders characterized by abnormal muscle movements,often with repetitive or sustained contraction resulting in abnormal *** types of dystonia present based on the affected body regions and play a prominent role in determining the potential efficacy of a given *** most patients afflicted with these disorders,an exact cause is rarely identified,so treatment mainly focuses on symptomatic *** agents,such as oral anticholinergic administration and botulinum toxin injection,play a major role in the initial treatment of *** more severe and/or refractory cases,focal areas for neurosurgical intervention are identified and targeted to improve quality of *** brain stimulation(DBS)targets these anatomical locations to minimize dystonia *** ablation procedures and peripheral denervation surgeries also offer potential treatment to patients who do not respond to *** management options grant providers and patients the ability to weigh the benefits and risks for each individual patient *** review article explores these pharmacological and neurosurgical management modalities for dystonia,providing a comprehensive assessment of each of their benefits and shortcomings.

关键词： Botulinum toxin Magnetic resonance imaging-guided focused ultrasound Surgical ablation Deep brain stimulation Peripheral denervation surgery Antipsychotics

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被骗风波

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空中英语教室（初级版．大家说英语） 2024年第3期 21-22,52,53页

作者： garrett Hart 不详

Bill和他的朋友们经常外出吃饭。他们是大学生,总是喜欢在一起消磨时间。“嘿,Katrina!你今天晚上要不要去一家新餐厅吃饭?那里有现场音乐演奏哦。”Bill对他的朋友Katrina说。“听起来很好玩,可是我没办法去。我作业太多了,我必须待在... 详细信息

Bill和他的朋友们经常外出吃饭。他们是大学生,总是喜欢在一起消磨时间。“嘿,Katrina!你今天晚上要不要去一家新餐厅吃饭?那里有现场音乐演奏哦。”Bill对他的朋友Katrina说。“听起来很好玩,可是我没办法去。我作业太多了,我必须待在家里看书。”她说。

关键词：大学生音乐演奏吃饭好玩

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照片风波

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空中英语教室（初级版．大家说英语） 2024年第5期 42-43,55,56页

作者： garrett Hart 不详

找找看Jesse在图书馆为Emma做了什么?Jesse和Emma此刻正在图书馆。他们常常去那里看杂志。Emma喜欢看时尚杂志,Jesse则喜欢看体育杂志。“哇!狼队赢了他们最后一场比赛。”Jesse读着一篇文章这么说“我不太懂足球,不过结果听起来很棒,”... 详细信息

找找看Jesse在图书馆为Emma做了什么?Jesse和Emma此刻正在图书馆。他们常常去那里看杂志。Emma喜欢看时尚杂志,Jesse则喜欢看体育杂志。“哇!狼队赢了他们最后一场比赛。”Jesse读着一篇文章这么说“我不太懂足球,不过结果听起来很棒,”Emma说,“这本杂志里的服装都很好看。穿上它们,应该会很棒。”

关键词：体育杂志时尚杂志图书馆一篇文章

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迟到风波

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空中英语教室（初级版．大家说英语） 2024年第6期 42-43,55,56页

作者： garrett Hart 不详

Troy is a busy single *** has to balance his job and Ttaking care of his young daughter,*** he can't do it all by *** he asks his friends for *** Troy has an important *** asked his friend Miranda to watch Lilly for a... 详细信息

关键词： has daughter Lilly

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午餐风波

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空中英语教室（初级版．大家说英语） 2024年第10期 26-27,53页

作者： garrett Hart 不详

找找看Terry在哪里吃午餐?Terry在上班时间面无表情地走进休息室。他的父亲两个星期前去世了,他还沉浸在悲伤的情绪中。“嗨,Terry,很高兴见到你,”Patty说,“你到休息室来做什么?”“午餐时间到了,我来拿我的午餐。”Terry说着,从冰箱... 详细信息

找找看Terry在哪里吃午餐?Terry在上班时间面无表情地走进休息室。他的父亲两个星期前去世了,他还沉浸在悲伤的情绪中。“嗨,Terry,很高兴见到你,”Patty说,“你到休息室来做什么?”“午餐时间到了,我来拿我的午餐。”Terry说着,从冰箱里拿出一个袋子,然后打开看了一眼。“糟糕。”他说。

关键词：午餐无表情 Terry

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关机风波

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空中英语教室（初级版．大家说英语） 2024年第4期 37-38,55页

作者： garrett Hart 不详

Larry一个月前搬进一间新公寓。他喜欢那个地方,也喜欢他的室友Edward。“早安,Edward。我一会儿要去公园跑步。应该一个小时后回来。”Larry说。他穿上鞋子,准备出门。“没问题。我会在家。我有些工作要做。”Larry出门时Edward跟他说... 详细信息

Larry一个月前搬进一间新公寓。他喜欢那个地方,也喜欢他的室友Edward。“早安,Edward。我一会儿要去公园跑步。应该一个小时后回来。”Larry说。他穿上鞋子,准备出门。“没问题。我会在家。我有些工作要做。”Larry出门时Edward跟他说一小时后,Larry回到公寓。“Larry,我用你的电脑查了一些资料。可以吗?”Edward问道。

关键词：公寓跑步 Edward

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杂乱风波

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空中英语教室（初级版．大家说英语） 2024年第7期 27-28,53,54页

作者： garrett Hart 不详

“Todd,早安!”Lance一边走进客厅一边说道。Lance和Todd是室友,他们一起住在城里的一间公寓.“Todd,客厅发生了什么事?到处都是东西。”Lance说。“这些东西吗?哦,我昨天晚上熬夜付账单来着。”Todd说。

关键词： Lance 公寓 Todd

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