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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2012年第1期2卷 60-66页

作者： garret o’connell Heather C. Whalley Prerona Mukherjee Andrew C. Stanfield Christian Montag Jeremy Hall Martin Reuter Center for Economics and Neuroscience University of Bonn Bonn Germany Department of Psychology University of Bonn Bonn Germany Division of Psychiatry University of Edinburgh Scotland UK

Evidence supports the involvement of oxytocin in social behavior. The oxytocin receptor gene (oXTR) has been associated with differences in social brain function and risk for autism. Motivated by recent work, we investigated the effect of variation in the common functional rs2268498 T/C polymorphism in the promoter region of oXTR on neural responses to fear expressions. 46 healthy subjects were divided into genotype groups of C carriers (n = 32) and TT ho-mozygous (n = 14) and neural activity was measured during the recognition of fear and neutral expressions. Results showed that during the recognition of fear expressions, the TT genotype group exhibited increased responding in the inferior occipital gyrus, considered important for face processing, compared to carriers of the C allele (P orrected for whole brain), an effect not found for neutral faces. These results indicate the impact of this oXTR genetic variant on individual differences in social affective neural processing.

关键词： oXTR Promoter Region Inferior occipital Gyrus fMRI Emotional Facial Processing

Apples to oranges:environmentally derived,dynamic regulation of serotonin neuron subpopulations in adulthood?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2596-2597页

作者： Christopher J.o’connell Matthew J.Robson Department of Genetics College of MedicineHarvard UniversityBostonMAUSA James L.Winkle College of Pharmacy Division of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA Neuroscience Graduate Program College of MedicineUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA

Traumatic brain injury(TBI)is a public health problem with an undue economic burden that impacts nearly every age,ethnic,and gender group across the globe(Capizzi et al.,2020).TBIs are often sustained during a dynamic range of exposures to energetic environmental forces and as such outcomes are typically heterogeneous regarding severity and pathology(Capizzi et al.,2020).

关键词： sustained orange dynamic

Androgen effects on skeletal muscle： implications for the development and management of frailty

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2014年第2期16卷 203-212,I0007,I0008页

作者： Matthew DL o'connell Frederick CW Wu The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing Department of Medical Gerontology Trinity College Dublin Ireland Andmlogy Research Unit Institute of Human Development Centre for Endocrinology and Diabetes University of Manchester Manchester UK.

Androgens have potent anabolic effects on skeletal muscle and decline with age in parallel to losses in muscle mass and strength. This loss of muscle mass and function, known as sarcopenia, is the central event in development of frailty, the vulnerable health status that presages adverse outcomes and rapid functional decline in older adults. The potential role of falling androgen levels in the development of frailty and their utility as function promoting therapies in older men has therefore attracted considerable attention. This review summarizes current concepts and definitions in muscle ageing, sarcopenia and frailty, and evaluates recent developments in the study of androgens and frailty. Current evidence from observational and interventional studies strongly supports an effect of androgens on muscle mass in ageing men, but effects on muscle strength and particularly physical function have been less clear. Androgen treatment has been generally well-tolerated in studies of older men, but concerns remain over higher dose treatments and use in populations with high cardiovascular risk. The first trials of selective androgen receptor modulators （SARMs） suggest similar effects on muscle mass and function to traditional androgen therapies in older adults. Important future directions include the use of these agents in combination with exercise training to promote functional ability across different populations of older adults, as well as more focus on the relationships between concurrent changes in hormone levels, body composition and physical function in observational studies.

关键词： ageing androgens body composition frailty muscle physical function sarcopenia selective androgen receptor modulators sex hormones testosterone

Journey Through the Groan Zone with Academics and Practitioners: Bridging Conflict and Difference to Strengthen Disaster Risk Reduction and Recovery Work

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2018年第3期9卷 421-428页

作者： Katherine E.Browne Caela o'connell Laura Meitzner Yoder Department of Anthropology Colorado State University Department of Anthropology – Disasters Displacement and Human Rights Program University of Tennessee Program in Human Needs and Global Resources Wheaton College

Academic-practitioner divides in disaster management and research can be persistent and pernicious,bearing consequences for disaster survivors and future affected populations. The gap between disaster professionals and academic researchers is often treated as an unavoidable structural problem or a neutral accident of professional silos and circumstance. We suggest that these gaps are not neutral, and that they can and must be overcome. With hundreds of millions of people affected by disaster each year and recovery costs skyrocketing, there is urgency in connecting researcher and practitioner knowledges to avoid expensive mistakes and most importantly, to decrease human suffering. Yet the difficulties that US academic anthropologists and practitioners experienced in their efforts to collaborate became evident in a cross-sector National Science Foundation(NSF)-funded workshop on the relevance of culture in disaster work. We suggest and illustrate how more systematic cross-field communication can be operationalized through engaging in an ongoing and relational process of bridging. Such a process can offer long-term benefits to the people and institutions involved,dramatically enhance the science of disaster management,and help reduce the social and material costs of disaster impacts.

关键词： Academic and practitioner divide Applied research Cross-sector communication Culture and disaster Disaster anthropology Disaster management

Addition of collagen type I in agarose created a dose-dependent effect on matrix production in engineered cartilage

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Regenerative Biomaterials 2022年第1期9卷 704-709页

作者： Gabriel R.López-Marcial Keerthana Elango Grace D.o’connell Department of Mechanical Engineering University of California-Berkeley6141 Etcheverry HallBerkeley CA 94720USA Department of orthopaedic Surgery University of California-San Francisco500 Parnassus Ave MU-320WSan Francisco CA 94143USA

Extracellular-matrix composition impacts mechanical performance in native and engineered *** studies showed collagen typeⅠ-agarose blends increased cell-matrix interactions and extracellular matrix ***,long-term impacts on protein production and mechanical properties of engineered cartilage are *** objective was to characterize the effect of collagen type I on the matrix production of chondrocytes embedded in agarose *** hypothesized that the addition of collagen would improve longterm mechanical properties and matrix production(*** and glycosaminoglycans)through increased *** hydrogels(2%w/v)were mixed with varying concentrations of collagen typeⅠ(0,2 and 5 mg/ml).Juvenile bovine chondrocytes were added to the hydrogels to assess matrix production over 4 weeks through biochemical assays,and mechanical properties were assessed through unconfined *** observed a dose-dependent effect on cell bioactivity,where 2 mg/ml of collagen improved bioactivity,but 5 mg/ml had a negative impact on *** resulted in a higher modulus for scaffolds supplemented with lower collagen concentration as compared to the higher collagen concentration,but not when compared to the *** conclusion,the addition of collagen to agarose constructs provided a dose-dependent impact on improving glycosaminoglycan production but did not improve collagen production or compressive mechanics.

关键词： hydrogel tissue engineering composition agarose-collagen matrix mechanics

Patient care during interfacility transport:a narrative review of managing diverse disease states

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2023年第1期14卷 3-9页

作者： Quincy K.Tran Francis o’connell Andrew Hakopian Marwa SH Abrahim Kamilla Beisenova Ali Pourmand Department of Emergency Medicine University of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimore 21201USA Program in Trauma the R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma CenterUniversity of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimore 21201USA Department of Emergency Medicine George Washington University School of Medicine and Health SciencesWashington DC 20037USA

BACKGRoUND:When critically ill patients require specialized treatment that exceeds the capability of the index hospitals,patients are frequently transferred to a tertiary or quaternary hospital for a higher level of ***,appropriate and efficient care for patients during the process of transport between two hospitals(interfacility transfer)is an essential part of patient *** medical adverse events may occur during the interfacility transfer process,there have not been evidence-based guidelines regarding the equipment or the practice for patient care during ***:We conducted searches from the PubMed,Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health(CINAHL),and Scopus databases up to June *** reviewers independently screened the titles and abstracts for *** that were not in the English language and did not involve critically ill patients were ***:The search identified 75 articles,and we included 48 studies for our narrative *** studies were observational ***:The review provided the current evidence-based management of diverse disease states during the interfacility transfer process,such as proning positioning for respiratory failure,extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMo),obstetric emergencies,and hypertensive emergencies(aortic dissection and spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage).

关键词： Critically ill patients Interfacility transfer Interhospital transfer Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation obstetric emergencies Hypertensive emergencies

Prognostic factors in patients hospitalized with acute heart failure syndrome

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2006年第4期3卷 199-209页

作者： Liviu Klein John B.o’connell Division of Cardiology Center for Heart Failure Northwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoIL 60611USA

Each year, there are over one million hospitalizations for acute heart failure syndrome (AHFS) in the United States alone,with a similar number in Western Europe. These patients have very high short-term (2-6 months) mortality and readmission rates, while the healthcare system incurs substantial costs. Until recently, the clinical characteristics, management patterns, and outcomes of these patients have been poorly understood and, in consequence, risk stratification for these patients has not been well defined. Several risk prediction models that can accurately identify high-risk patients have been developed in the last year using data from clinical trials, large registries or administrative databases. Use of multi-variable risk models at the time of hospital admission or discharge offers better risk stratification and should be encouraged, as it allows for appropriate allocation of existing resources and development of clinical trials testing new treatment strategies for patients admitted with AHFS. The emerging observation that the prognosis for the ensuing three to six months may be obtained at presentation for AHFS has major implications for development of future therapies.

关键词： heart failure hospitalization risk factors prognosis

Gouty destruction of a patellar tendon reconstruction and novel revision reconstruction technique: A case report

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World Journal of orthopedics 2024年第7期15卷 675-682页

作者： Carl C Edge Jonathan Widmeyer omar Protzuk Maya Johnson Robert o’connell Department of orthopaedic Surgery Division of Sports MedicineVirginia Commonwealth University Health SystemRichmondVA 23298-0153United States Division of Sports Medicine OrthowestCarroltonGA 30117United States

BACKGRoUND Gout is a disease characterized by hyperuricemia,and resultant deposition of uric acid crystals in *** typically manifested as intraarticular crystals or tophi,gout can also cause pathology at *** deposition within tendinous structures put them at risk for traumatic and degenerative ***,allografts can also be at risk of rupture in the setting of severe *** present the case of a 56-year-old female with severe gouty disease who sustained a re-rupture of a patellar tendon allograft *** SUMMARY A 56-year-old female presented to clinic after feeling her left knee pop and collapse beneath her while descending *** had a history of tophaceous gout and left patellar tendon rupture with reconstruction and multiple revisions over the course of 19 *** patient presented with pain and extensor lag.A magnetic resonance image demonstrated a ruptured patellar tendon allograft reconstruction and avulsion fracture at the tibial *** patient was treated with a novel intervention of Achilles allograft with bone block in a unique configuration with a dermal allograft incorporated into the *** was made non-weight bearing in the operative extremity in extension for the first four weeks postoperatively and was then progressed to active flexion over the course of eight *** twelve weeks,she was able to fully extend her operative knee and at five months she was resuming her normal activities and *** Failed patellar tendon reconstruction due to gouty infiltration is treated with dermal allograft augmented Achilles tendon reconstruction with bone block.

关键词： Gout Patella Reconstruction Dermal allograft Revision Case report

Widening socioeconomic disparity in lung cancer incidence among men in New South Wales, Australia, 1987–2011

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Chinese Journal of Cancer Research 2017年第5期29卷 395-401页

作者： Xue Qin Yu Qingwei Luo Clare Kahn Camilla Cahill Marianne Weber Paul Grogan Ahmedin Jemal Dianne L o'connell Cancer Research Division Cancer Council NSW Sydney School of Public Health University of Sydney Sanofi Australia Cancer Council Australia Surveillance and Health Services Research American Cancer Society School of Medicine and Public Health University of Newcastle

objective：We assessed the trends in lung cancer incidence over a 25-year period by socioeconomic groups for men in New South Wales（NSW）,***：Men diagnosed with lung cancer between 1987 and 2011 were divided into five quintiles according to an Index of Education and occupation（IEo）.We assessed relative socioeconomic differences over time by calculating age-standardized incidence ratios（SIRs）by 5-year period of diagnosis,and estimated absolute differences by comparing the observed and expected numbers of cases using the highest IEo quintile as the ***：Lung cancer incidence for men decreased from 1987 to 2011 for all IEo quintiles,with a greater rate of decline for men living in the highest IEo ***,the relative disparity increased significantly over the 25-year period（P=0.0006）.For example,the SIR for the lowest IEo quintile increased from 1.28 during 1987–1991 to 1.74during 2007–*** differences also increased with the proportion of＂potentially preventable＂cases doubling from 14.5% in 1987–1991 to 30.2% in 2007–***：Despite the overall decline in lung cancer incidence among men in NSW over the past 25 years,there was a significant increase in disparity across socioeconomic areas in both relative and absolute terms.

关键词： Australia lung cancer socioeconomic inequality temporal trends tobacco control tobacco smoking

The Value of Positive Pressure Ventilations for Clients in Acute Respiratory Distress as a Result of Cardiac and Pulmonary Issues

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open Journal of Respiratory Diseases 2015年第2期5卷 50-54页

作者： Patrick o’connell Adelphi University Garden City USA

objective: Research was conducted to examine benefits to using non-invasive ventilation (NIV) or continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) early in the treatment of respiratory distress caused by pulmonary edema, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (CoPD) and asthma. Limitations to successful NIV and CPAP therapy were evaluated to determine how prolonged initiation of treatment may lead to hypoxemia (decreased oxygen in the blood) and hypercapnia (increased carbon dioxide in the blood) resulting in poor outcomes. Method: Reviews of literature from nursing and allied health data bases (CINAHL and ProQuest) with terms pulmonary edema, positive pressure device and non-invasive ventilation from 2010 to 2014 were used. Studies were conducted in the hospital and prehospital settings. Results: The literature search located 7 articles from CINAHL and 25 articles from ProQuest. A total of 6 of these articles were analyzed. Additional sources of data were obtained from Ignatavicius and Workman (2013) Medical-Surgical Nursing Patient-Centered Collaborative Care 7th edition and American Journal of Nursing (02/2013) Volume 113: 2. Conclusion: All of the articles concluded that early initiation of continuous positive airway pressure ventilations in the short-term was beneficial;however, late initiation of therapy required additional interventions. The studies indicated that early use of positive airway pressure in acute respiratory distress improved breath rate, heart rate and blood pressure. The use of positive airway pressure for respiratory distress may decrease the need for endotracheal intubation.

关键词： Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Non-Invasive Ventilation Acute Pulmonary Edema Asthma Chronic obstructive Pulmonary Disease Prehospital Hospital