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Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time of Flight(MALDI-TOF)-Mass Spectrometry and^(13)C-NMR-Identified New Compounds in Paraberlinia bifoliolata(Ekop-Beli)Bark Tannins

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2024年第3期12卷 553-568页

作者： Liliane Nga Benoit Ndiwe Achille bernard Biwolé Antonio Pizzi Jean Jalin Eyinga Biwole Joseph Zobo Mfomo Laboratory of Forest Resources and Wood Valorization Training Unit in Engineering SciencesPost Graduate School of Fundamental and Applied SciencesUniversity of DoualaP.O.Box 1872DoualaCameroun Laboratory of Mechanics Training Unit in Engineering SciencesPost Graduate School of Fundamental and Applied SciencesUniversity of DoualaP.O.Box 2701DoualaCameroun Laboratory of Studies and Research on Wood Material(LERMAB) University of LorraineNancyFrance

Extracts of plant origin,particularly tannins,are attracting growing interest for the sustainable development of materials in the industrial *** discovery of new tannins is therefore *** aim of this work was to contribute to the understanding of the properties of Paraberlinia bifoliolata tannin by Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time of Flight Mass Spectroscopy MALDI-TOF/MS and Carbon 13 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance(13C NMR).The chemical composition of tannin extracted from Paraberlinia bifoliolata bark was determined,as was the mechanical strength of the resin hardened with Acacia nilotica *** by successive water extraction was 35%.MALDI-TOF/MS analysis revealed the presence of three new compounds in this tannin,previously unknown in this family of *** are 3-hydroxyproline acid,N-methyl-4-hydroxypipecolic acid and N-methyl-5-dihydroxypipecolic *** identification of the above molecules means that this tannin can be used for industrial applications,as a resin in the manufacture of particleboard and in the formulation of green corrosion *** information is reinforced by 13C NMR spectrometry,which indicates the presence of several polyflavonoid units,confirming the condensed nature of the *** analysis of the resin formed by the purified tannin of Paraberlinia bifoliolata to which a vegetal biohardener has been added provided a Modulus of Elasticity(MOE)value of 4840 MPa at 150℃,confirming its possible use as a binder resin in the manufacture of wood panels as well as for the formulation of a corrosion inhibitor.

关键词： Tannin Paraberlinia bifoliolata Central African wood species MALDI-TOF/MS 13C NMR bark extracts thermomechanical behaviour wood-binder

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The Effects of Disruptive Thinking on the Food Industry*

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2024年第6期15卷 360-379页

作者： Omotola Oluwakemi Dairo bernard Boamah Bekoe Faculty of Business and Law Anglia Ruskin University Cambridge UK College of Education and Liberal Art Wilmington University Delaware USA College of Management Science Hohai University Nanjing China

This study aimed to understand disruptive thinking and how its ideas can change the food industry. This was achieved by identifying, studying, and understanding the impacts, current trends, and different disruptive ideas and innovations emerging in the food industry. The study was conducted through interpretive research philosophy by carrying out secondary data collection processes, where both qualitative and quantitative information was presented. Deductive approaches were also selected to apply existing theories and models, which were used to construct research hypotheses and present detailed findings. The study finds that, with disruptive thinking, enhancements in the product life cycle, new flavors, and improvements in food packaging have been possible. The supply chain, which is always considered a complex part of the food industry, has been streamlined, offering greater transparency and real-time tracking and improving quality control across distribution systems.

关键词： Disruptive Thinking Food Industry Supply Chain Lab-Grown Meat Biotechnology

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Smart contract applications in the built environment: How prepared are Nigerian construction stakeholders?

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Frontiers of Engineering Management 2024年第1期11卷 50-61页

作者： Andrew EBEKOZIEN Clinton AIGBAVBOA Samuel Adeniyi ADEKUNLE Mohamad Shaharudin SAMSURIJAN John ALIU bernard Martins ARTHUR-AIDOO Godpower Chinyeru AMADI Department of Construction Management and Quantity Surveying University of JohannesburgJohannesburg 2006South Africa School of Social Sciences Universiti Sains MalaysiaGelugor11800 USM PenangMalaysia Department of Quantity Surveying Auchi PolytechnicAuchiNigeria Institute for Resilient Infrastructure Systems College of EngineeringUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGA 30602USA Department of Building Technology Faculty of Built EnvironmentAccra Technical UniversityAccraGhana Nigerian Institute of Management Port HarcourtNigeria

Studies have demonstrated that advanced technology,such as smart contract applications,can enhance both pre-and post-contract administration within the built environment *** contract technology,exemplifying blockchain technologies,has the potential to improve transparency,trust,and the security of data transactions within this ***,there is a dearth of academic literature concerning smart contract applications within the construction industries of developing countries,with a specific focus on ***,this study seeks to explore the relevance of smart contract technology and address the challenges impeding its adoption,offering strategies to mitigate the obstacles faced by smart contract *** investigate the stakeholders,this research conducted 14 virtual interview sessions to achieve data *** interviewees encompassed project management practitioners,senior management personnel from construction companies,experts in construction dispute resolution,professionals in construction software,and representatives from government construction *** data obtained from these interviews underwent thorough analysis employing a thematic *** study duly recognizes the significance of smart contract applications within the *** the 12 identified barriers,issues such as identity theft and data leakage,communication and synchronization challenges,high computational expenses,lack of driving impetus,excessive electricity consumption,intricate implementation processes,absence of a universally applicable legal framework,and the lack of a localized legal framework were recurrent impediments affecting the adoption of smart contract applications within the *** study also delves into comprehensive measures to mitigate these *** conclusion,this study critically evaluates the relevance of smart contract applications within the built environment,with a specific focus on promoting their *** may serve

关键词： built environment industry digitalization Nigeria smart contract technological revolution

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The Impact of Privatization on Terminal Efficiency: A Case Study of Tema Port

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Journal of Transportation Technologies 2024年第3期14卷 358-371页

作者： bernard Kwei Tetteh Calvin Elorm Atsunyo Alex Boateng College of Transport and Communications Shanghai Maritime University Shanghai China Department of Transport Regional Maritime University Accra Ghana

Port and terminal efficiency are of utmost importance to the container shipping industry due to their significance in enhancing the competitive advantage of ports within a region. Consequently, there have always been notable variations of studies around it. This paper analyzes the impact of privatization on terminal efficiency using the Port of Tema as a Case Study. The main objective of this paper is to analyze the efficiency trends of the public and private terminals in the port over the years. To achieve this objective, DEA-CCR methodology was employed to calculate the annual technical efficiency trends of the private and public terminals using four input variables and three output variables. The main results of the paper indicated that the public and private terminals were efficient for multiple years. However, the efficiency scores over the years demonstrated inconsistency, exhibiting notable fluctuations. The findings of this study will aid policymakers across the region on policies relating to the efficiency and ownership structure of ports and terminals.

关键词： Privatization Terminal Efficiency DEA Tema Port

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Garcinia Kola and Kolaviron Attenuates Bisphenol A-Induced Memory Impairment and Hippocampal Neuroinflammation in Male Wistar Rats

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第2期12卷 111-130页

作者： Nazizi Adamu Kayinu bernard Omokheshi Adele Abayomi Oluwatosin Ige Applied and Environmental Physiology Unit Department of Physiology University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria Department of Physical and Health Education College of Education Akwanga Nigeria

Bisphenol A (BPA), a toxicant which can leach into food from plastic containers, is reported to induce neurotoxicity among others via oxidative mechanisms. However, antioxidant compounds have been suggested to mitigate BPA-induced toxicities. Garcinia kola (GK) and its bioactive compound, kolaviron, are well-established natural antioxidants, which can exert protective effects against BPA-induced toxicities. This study was designed to investigate the likely mitigating effect of GK and kolaviron on BPA-induced memory impairment and hippocampal neuroinflammation in male Wistar rats. Thirty-five rats were equally grouped and treated as follows: I and II received distilled water and corn oil, respectively at 0.2 mL, while III - VII received BPA (50 mg/kg), BPA + GK (200 mg/kg), BPA + kolaviron (200 mg/kg), GK and kolaviron, respectively for 28 days p.o. Thereafter, behavioral studies were done using the Novel Object Recognition and Y maze tests. Subsequently under anaesthesia, the hippocampus in each animal was dissected out, homogenized and analysed for malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, catalase, reduced glutathione, glutathione transferase, nitrites, interleukin-6, tumour necrosis factor-α, acetylcholinesterase, glutamate acid decarboxylase, and arginase activity. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey Post-hoc test at p p Garcinia kola and Kolaviron mitigate bisphenol A-induced memory impairment and neuroinflammation via antioxidant potentiation and neurotransmitter balance.

关键词： Bisphenol A Memory Impairment Neuroinflammation Neuroprotection Garcinia Kola Kolaviron Antioxidant

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Experimental Study of a Quadratic Boost: The Cascaded Connected Single Switch

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Smart Grid and Renewable Energy 2024年第6期15卷 139-148页

作者： Prince Abdoul Aziz Honadia bernard Zouma Adama Ouédraogo Fabé Idrissa Barro Department of Physics and Chemistry Centre Universitaire de Kaya (CU-K) Kaya Burkina Faso Thermal Renewable Energies Laboratory Department of Physics Joseph Ki-Zerbo University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Semiconductors and Solar Energy Laboratory Department of Physics Faculty of Science and Technique Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal

The quadratic boost is studied under its real model. The equations, of the continuous conduction mode, descriptive of this model are established. From these equations, the expressions of the voltage gain and the efficiency are extracted. These two quantities are plotted as a function of the duty cycle in order to appreciate them in different operating points of the transistor. The values of the different components have also been extracted for the fabrication of a prototype of the converter. Thanks to a set of experimental measurements at the input as well as at the output of the prototype converter, the voltage gain and the efficiency could also be observed. These were also plotted for different loads to observe converter behavior. The theoretical curves were compared with the experimental curves which allowed to validate the proposed mathematical models on a large range of duty cycles.

关键词： Voltage Gain Factor Conversion Efficiency Duty Cycle Quadratic Boost

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Associated Factors and Consequences of Uterine Fibroids in Hospitals in the Borgou Department of Benin in 2022

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Advances in Reproductive Sciences 2024年第1期12卷 60-74页

作者： Mahublo Vinadou Vodouhe Sedjro Raoul Atade Yèyinou Aurelle Ahouingnan bernard Agossou bernard Akouodé Thomas Hounto Goudi Orou Bodedjo Nouessèwa Fanny Maryline Hounkponou Ahouingnan Kabibou Salifou Department of Mother and Child Faculty of Medicine University of Parakou Parakou Benin

Introduction: Uterine fibroids are the most common gynecological tumors in women of childbearing age and have multiple clinical manifestations. Objective: To determine factors associated with uterine fibroids in the Borgou department of Benin in 2022. Method: Descriptive, analytical cross-sectional study from August 22 to September 22, 2022. The sample consisted of women consulting for gynecological problems in 6 hospitals in the Borgou department in the North of Benin. Results: Of the 744 women surveyed, 10.1% were diagnosed with uterine fibroids. Women with uterine fibroids were often married, paucigesture, and nulliparous. Their main reasons for consultation were the desire for motherhood (50.7%), pelvic pain (46.7%), and genital hemorrhage (14.7%). Age, history of miscarriage, high blood pressure, and diabetes were significantly associated with the presence of uterine fibroids (Conclusion: Uterine fibroids are common in hospitals in northern Benin. There were factors associated with them that should be taken into account in management strategies.

关键词： Uterine Fibroid Associated Factor Consequence Benin

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全球蜂群数量和蜂蜜产量呈上升趋势

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中国蜂业 2024年第4期75卷 52-53,57页

作者：罗照明(编译) 孟丽峰(编译) Phiri bernard J Fèvre Damien Hidano Arata 中国蜂产品协会北京100050 中国农业科学院蜜蜂研究所北京100093 不详

蜜蜂在社会经济上具有重要意义,因为它们在农作物授粉中发挥着关键作用,并生产对社会和许多行业至关重要的各种蜂产品,它们对生态和社会的可持续发展具有重要贡献。具有社会经济价值的蜂产品包括蜂蜜、蜂蜡、蜂胶、花粉、蜂王浆等,被广... 详细信息

蜜蜂在社会经济上具有重要意义,因为它们在农作物授粉中发挥着关键作用,并生产对社会和许多行业至关重要的各种蜂产品,它们对生态和社会的可持续发展具有重要贡献。具有社会经济价值的蜂产品包括蜂蜜、蜂蜡、蜂胶、花粉、蜂王浆等,被广泛应用于食品、化妆品、药品,甚至用于工业中。因此,全球蜂群数量即将或持续下降可能会产生广泛的社会经济影响。bernard ***等基于联合国粮农组织(FAO)60年来收集的数据,包括蜂群数量、蜂蜜产量、蜂蜡产量,分析并评估了全球60年蜂业变化。

关键词：蜂蜜产量社会经济价值蜂产品蜂群数量蜂业社会经济影响蜂王浆蜂蜡

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Investigation of Groundwater Quality with Borehole Depth in the Basin Granitoids of the Ashanti Region of Ghana

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2024年第5期16卷 381-394页

作者： bernard Ofosu Augustine Kofi Asante Festus Anane Mensah Umar-Farouk Usman Naa Korkoi Ayeh Geotechnical and Materials Engineering Division CSIR-Building and Road Research Institute Kumasi Ghana

The dependence of groundwater quality on borehole depth is usually debatable in groundwater studies, especially in complex geological formations where aquifer characteristics vary spatially with depth. This study therefore seeks to investigate the relationship between borehole depth and groundwater quality across the granitoid aquifers within the Birimian Supergroup in the Ashanti Region. Physicochemical analysis records of groundwater quality data were collected from 23 boreholes of public and private institutions in the Ashanti Region of Ghana, and the parametric values of iron, fluoride, total hardness, pH, nitrate, and nitrite were used to study the groundwater quality-depth relationship. The results showed that the depth-to-groundwater quality indicated a marginal increase in water quality in the range of 30 to 50 m, which is mathematically represented by the low-value correlation coefficient (r2 = 0.026). A relatively significant increase occurs in the depth range of 50 to 80 m, which is given by a correlation coefficient of r2 = 0.298. The mean percent parameter compatibility was 74%, 82%, 89%, and 97% at 50, 60, 70, and 80 m depths, respectively. The variations in groundwater quality per depth ratio ranged from 1.48, 1.37, 1.27, and 1.21 for 50, 60, 70, and 80 m depth, respectively. The recommended minimum borehole depth for excellent groundwater quality is suggested with a compatibility per meter depth ratio of 1.37. This results in a range between 50 and 70 m as the most desirable drilling depth for excellent groundwater quality within the granitoids of the Birimian Supergroup of the Ashanti Region in Ghana.

关键词： Groundwater Quality Borehole Depth Birimian Supergroup Granitoid Aquifers Ashanti Region

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Characterization and Modeling of Mechanical Properties of Additively Manufactured Coconut Fiber-Reinforced Polypropylene Composites

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Advances in Materials Physics and Chemistry 2024年第6期14卷 95-112页

作者： George Mosi bernard W. Ikua Samuel K. Kabini James W. Mwangi Department of Mechatronic Engineering Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology Juja Kenya

In the face of the increased global campaign to minimize the emission of greenhouse gases and the need for sustainability in manufacturing, there is a great deal of research focusing on environmentally benign and renewable materials as a substitute for synthetic and petroleum-based products. Natural fiber-reinforced polymeric composites have recently been proposed as a viable alternative to synthetic materials. The current work investigates the suitability of coconut fiber-reinforced polypropylene as a structural material. The coconut fiber-reinforced polypropylene composites were developed. Samples of coconut fiber/polypropylene (PP) composites were prepared using Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF). Tests were then conducted on the mechanical properties of the composites for different proportions of coconut fibers. The results obtained indicate that the composites loaded with 2 wt% exhibited the highest tensile and flexural strength, while the ones loaded with 3 wt% had the highest compression strength. The ultimate tensile and flexural strength at 2 wt% were determined to be 34.13 MPa and 70.47 MPa respectively. The compression strength at 3 wt% was found to be 37.88 MPa. Compared to pure polypropylene, the addition of coconut fibers increased the tensile, flexural, and compression strength of the composite. In the study, an artificial neural network model was proposed to predict the mechanical properties of polymeric composites based on the proportion of fibers. The model was found to predict data with high accuracy.

关键词： Additive Manufacturing Artificial Neural Network Mechanical Properties Natural Fibers Polypropylene

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