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Interventional pulmonology for chronic inflammatory airway diseases

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Chinese Medical journal Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine 2024年第3期2卷 171-181页

作者： Han Yang Si Chen jiayuan Sun felix j.f.Herth Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Shanghai Chest HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200030China Department of Respiratory Endoscopy Shanghai Chest HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200030China Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Respiratory Endoscopy Shanghai 200030China Pneumology and Critical Care Medicine ThoraxklinikUniversity of HeidelbergHeidelberg 69126Germany Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg German Center for Lung ResearchHeidelberg 69126Germany

Chronic inflammatory airway diseases,such as chronic bronchitis,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,emphysema,and bronchial asthma,pose significant healthcare *** treatments offer promise as valuable complements to the optimal medical therapy recommended by the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease guideline and the Global Initiative for Asthma *** directly accessing the airways,these minimally invasive procedures enable precise *** encompass a wide range of techniques including bronchial thermoplasty and targeted lung denervation for both chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and severe asthma,bronchoscopic lung volume reduction(including the use of endobronchial valves,coils,and bronchoscopic thermal vapor ablation),airway bypass and peripheral stent placement for emphysema,bronchial rheoplasty and spray cryotherapy for chronic bronchitis,and other emerging *** interventional treatments aim to improve patients’symptoms by reducing lung volume,alleviating hyperinflation,eliminating vagal innervation,disrupting hyperplastic goblet cells and thus reducing excessive mucus secretion,and weakening submucosal smooth *** review highlights the potential advantages of interventional treatments for chronic inflammatory airway diseases and discusses relevant techniques tailored to specific disease *** overall aim is to assist interventional pulmonologists in selecting the most appropriate techniques for individual patients.

关键词： Chronic inflammatory airway disease Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Asthma Emphysema Bronchoscopic lung volume reduction Targeted lung denervation

Enhancing Ulcerative Colitis Diagnosis:A Multi-Level Classification Approach with Deep Learning

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第7期140卷 1129-1142页

作者： Hasan j.Alyamani Department of Information Systems Faculty of Computing and Information Technology in RabighKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah21589Saudi Arabia

The evaluation of disease severity through endoscopy is pivotal in managing patients with ulcerative colitis,a condition with significant clinical ***,endoscopic assessment is susceptible to inherent variations,both within and between observers,compromising the reliability of individual *** study addresses this challenge by harnessing deep learning to develop a robust model capable of discerning discrete levels of endoscopic disease *** initiate this endeavor,a multi-faceted approach is embarked *** dataset is meticulously preprocessed,enhancing the quality and discriminative features of the images through contrast limited adaptive histogram equalization(CLAHE).A diverse array of data augmentation techniques,encompassing various geometric transformations,is leveraged to fortify the dataset’s diversity and facilitate effective feature extraction.A fundamental aspect of the approach involves the strategic incorporation of transfer learning principles,harnessing a modified ResNet-50 *** augmentation,informed by domain expertise,contributed significantly to enhancing the model’s classification *** outcome of this research endeavor yielded a highly promising model,demonstrating an accuracy rate of 86.85%,coupled with a recall rate of 82.11%and a precision rate of 89.23%.

关键词： Ulcerative colitis deep learning CLAHE transfer learning geometric transformations

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Rethinking the egg

National Science Review 2024年第6期11卷 81-82页

作者： Michael j.Benton School of Earth Sciences University of Bristol

Our image of early dinosaur eggs must change. Early dinosaur eggs are portrayed as soft-shelled, like those of modern lizards or snakes [1], and yet all the evidence is that early dinosaurs at least laid leathery-shel...

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Intelligent Machine Learning Based Brain Tumor Segmentation through Multi-Layer Hybrid U-Net with CNN feature Integration

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第4期79卷 1301-1317页

作者： Sharaf j.Malebary Department of Information Technology Faculty of Computing and Information TechnologyKing Abdulaziz UniversityP.O.Box 344Rabigh21911Saudia Arabia

Brain tumors are a pressing public health concern, characterized by their high mortality and morbidity ***, the manual segmentation of brain tumors remains a laborious and error-prone task, necessitatingthe development of more precise and efficient methodologies. To address this formidable challenge, we proposean advanced approach for segmenting brain tumorMagnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) images that harnesses theformidable capabilities of deep learning and convolutional neural networks (CNNs). While CNN-based methodshave displayed promise in the realm of brain tumor segmentation, the intricate nature of these tumors, markedby irregular shapes, varying sizes, uneven distribution, and limited available data, poses substantial obstacles toachieving accurate semantic segmentation. In our study, we introduce a pioneering Hybrid U-Net framework thatseamlessly integrates the U-Net and CNN architectures to surmount these challenges. Our proposed approachencompasses preprocessing steps that enhance image visualization, a customized layered U-Net model tailoredfor precise segmentation, and the inclusion of dropout layers to mitigate overfitting during the training ***, we leverage the CNN mechanism to exploit contextual information within brain tumorMRI images,resulting in a substantial enhancement in segmentation *** experimental results attest to the exceptionalperformance of our framework, with accuracy rates surpassing 97% across diverse datasets, showcasing therobustness and effectiveness of our approach. furthermore, we conduct a comprehensive assessment of ourmethod’s capabilities by evaluating various performance measures, including the sensitivity, jaccard-index, andspecificity. Our proposed model achieved 99% accuracy. The implications of our findings are profound. Theproposed Hybrid U-Net model emerges as a highly promising diagnostic tool, poised to revolutionize brain tumorimage segmentation for radiologists and clinician

关键词： Brain tumor Hybrid U-Net CLAHE transfer learning MRI images

Unmixing detrital zircon U-Pb ages reveals tectonic and climatic depositional influences on the Carboniferous Ansilta formation,Calingasta-Uspallata Basin,Western Argentina

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Geoscience frontiers 2024年第4期15卷 61-77页

作者： j.R.Malone j.E.Malone j.L.Isbell D.H.Malone j.P.Craddock K.N.Pauls Department of Geological Sciences Jackson School of GeosciencesUniversity of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712USA Iowa Geological Survey University of IowaIowa CityIA 52240USA Department of Geosciences University of Wisconsin-MilwaukeeMilwaukeeWI 53211USA Department of Geography Geology and the EnvironmentIllinois State UniversityNormalIL 61790-4400USA

The Late Paleozoic Ice Age(LPIA)was a principal control of sedimentation across Gondwana from the late Devonian through early *** assess the hypothesis that glacial to interglacial transitions in western Argentina were the primary control influencing sediment routing patterns among the various Carboniferous-Permian basins in western *** Carboniferous Ansilta formation consists of glaciomarine,nearshore,and fluvial systems deposited during the LPIA along the eastern margin of the Calingasta-Uspallata Basin in *** lower,glacially influenced succession of the Ansilta formation records at least five glacial advances;the upper succession of consists of progradational shallow marine,deltaic,and fluvial *** combine 1225 new U-Pb zircon ages from six samples of the Carboniferous Ansilta formation in the Calingasta-Uspallata Basin with 5864 U-Pb ages from 147 pub-lished samples in the detrital Pymix forward mixture model to characterize provenance *** the glacially influenced lower Ansilta formation,sediment was derived locally from the Protoprecordillera,which was a prominent highland with alpine glaciers flowing west and east into the Calingasta-Uspallata and Paganzo basins,***,there was little or no connection between these two basins during Serpukhovian-Bashkirian *** fluvial/deltaic upper Ansilta had distal sediment sources in the Sierras ***,our results support the collapse of the Protoprecordillera topographic barrier,enabling drainage patterns connecting the Paganzo and Calingasta-Uspallata basins by late Pennsylvanian-early Permian time.

关键词： Late Paleozoic Ice Age Argentina Calingasta-Uspallata Basin Ansilta formation Detrital zircon provenance

The quasi-Gramian solution of a non-commutative extension of the higher-order nonlinear Schr?dinger equation

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第3期76卷 51-61页

作者： H W A Riaz j Lin Department of Physics Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua 321004China

The nonlinear Schr?dinger(NLS)equation,which incorporates higher-order dispersive terms,is widely employed in the theoretical analysis of various physical *** this study,we explore the non-commutative extension of the higher-order NLS *** treat real or complex-valued functions,such as g_(1)=g_(1)(x,t)and g_(2)=g_(2)(x,t)as non-commutative,and employ the Lax pair associated with the evolution equation,as in the commutation *** derive the quasi-Gramian solution of the system by employing a binary Darboux *** soliton solutions are presented explicitly within the framework of *** visually understand the dynamics and solutions in the given example,we also provide simulations illustrating the associated ***,the solution can be used to study the stability of plane waves and to understand the generation of periodic patterns within the context of modulational instability.

关键词： integrable systems Darboux transformation solitons

One-neutron stripping process in the^(209)Bi(^(6)Li,^(5)Li)^(210)Bi*reaction reaction

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第6期35卷 120-129页

作者： Gao-Long Zhang Zhen-Wei jiao Guang-Xin Zhang E.N.Cardozo B.Paes Shi-Peng Hu jian-Qiang Qian Daniele Mengoni Wei-Wei Qu Cong-Bo Li Yun Zheng Huan-Qiao Zhang Hui-Bin Sun Nan Wang Chun-Lei Zhang j.j.Valiente-Dobón D.Testov M.Mazzocco A.Gozzelino C.Parascandolo D.Pierroutsakou M.La Commara A.Goasduff D.Bazzacco D.R.Napoli f.Galtarossa f.Recchia A.Illana S.Bakes I.Zanon S.Aydin Gde Angelis M.Siciliano R.Menegazzo S.M.Lenzi S.Akkoyun L.f.Canto j.Lubian School of Physics Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Sino-french Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology Sun Yat-Sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China Instituto de física Universidade Federal Fluminense24210-340 NiteróiRio de JaneiroBrazil Laboratorio TANDAR Comisión Nacional de Energía AtómicaBKNA1650 San MartíınArgentina Institute for Advanced Study in Nuclear Energy and Safety Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Research and Manufacture of High Purity Germanium Materials and fetectors Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China INfN Sezione di PadovaPaduaItaly Dipartimento di fisica Astronomia dell’Universita di padova PaduaItaly State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection School of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionSoochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China China Institute of Atomic Energy Beijing 102413China The Key Laboratory of Beam Technology and Material Modification of Ministry of Education College of Nuclear Science and TechnologyBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro INFN35020 LegnaroItaly INfN Sezione di Napoli80126 NaplesItaly Dipartimento di farmacia Universitàdi Napoli“Federico II”80131 NaplesItaly Department of Natural and Mathematical Sciences Faculty of EngineeringTarsus University33480 MersinTurkey Physics Division Argonne National LaboratoryLemontILUSA Department of Physics Sivas Cumhuriyet UniversitySivasTurkey Instituto de física Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro CP 6852821941-972Brazil

One-neutron stripping process between^(6)Li and^(209)Bi was studied at 28,30,and 34 MeV using the in-beamγ-ray spectroscopy ***γ-γcoincident analysis clearly identified twoγ-rays feeding the ground and long-lived isomeric states,which were employed to determine the cross *** one-neutron stripping cross sections were similar to the cross sections of complete fusion in the^(6)Li+^(209)Bi system,but the one-neutron stripping cross sections decreased more gradually at the sub-barrier region.A coupled-reaction-channel calculation was performed to study the detailed reaction mechanism of the one-neutron stripping process in^(6)*** calculations indicated that the first excited state of 5 Li is critical in the actual one-neutron transfer mechanism,and the valence proton of 209Bi can be excited to the low-lying excited state in(^(6)Li,^(5)Li)reaction,unlike in the(d,p)reaction.

关键词： Transfer reaction Weakly bound nuclei Cross section

Synthesis of coral-like structures of Pr-Yb co-doped YIG: Structural,optical, magnetic and antimicrobial properties

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journal of Rare Earths 2024年第3期42卷 543-554,I0004页

作者： A.fernandez francisca P.Araujo Y.Guerra S.Castro-Lopes j.Matilla-Arias Idglan S.de Lima Edson C.Silva-filho josy A.Osajima f.Guerrero R.Pena-Garcia federal University of Piau Graduate Program in Materials Science and EngineeringTeresinaPIBrazil federal Rural University of Pernambuco Academic Unit of Cabo de Santo AgostinhoCabo de Santo AgostinhoPEBrazil federal University of Piaui Department of PhysicTeresinaPBrazil federal University of Pernambuco Graduate Program in Materials ScienceRecifePEBrazil University of Granma Departmentof Basic Sciences and Applied InformaticsFaculty of Technical SciencesBayamoCuba federal University of Amazonas Department of PhysicManausAMBrazil federal University of Pernambuco Department of PhysicRecifePEBrazil

Coral-like structures of the Y_(3-x)Pr_(x)fe_(5-y)Yb_(y)O_(12),(0.00 ≤ x ≤ 0.04, 0.00 ≤ y ≤ 0.02) compound were synthesized using the sol-gel method. Structural investigation certified the YIG cubic crystal structure formation, without any secondary phase. It is shown that, the relatively large ionic radius of the dopant cations results in an expansion of the lattice parameter, variations in the Iona-O-Iondangle, Iona-O,Iond-O and Ionc-O bond distances and decrease in the average crystallite size. fourier transform infrared(fTIR) and Raman measurements are essential to testify the single-phase formation of YIG crystal structure and are observed changes in the stretching and vibrational modes, respectively. The morphological study, energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS) spectra and textural properties show corallike structures, peaks associated with Pr^(3+) and Yb^(3+) atoms and the effect of dopants on surface area,diameter, and pore volume, respectively. The optical analysis from diffuse reflectance spectra witnessed an increase in the optical gap band, a decrease in Urbach energy and blue shift in the charge transfer,correlated with the expansion of the unit cell due to the dopant's insertion in the YIG structure. A typical ferrimagnetic behavior is exhibited by the Y_(3-x)Pr_(x)fe_(5-y)Yb_(y)O_(12)compound. The saturation magnetization(M_(s)), cubic anisotropy constant(K_(1)) and coercive field(H_(c)) increase with the Pr^(3+)cations content, as consequence of their magnetic nature and distribution around of fe^(3+)ions due to the coexistence with the Yb^(3+). finally, for the first time, antibacterial tests by mean of the direct contact method were performed for YIG co-doped with Pr^(3+)and Yb^(3+)and it is shown that, relatively high dosages of Pr^(3+) cations favored the activity against S. aureus, therefore, a new biological property for YIG doped with rare earths is presented.

关键词： Yttrium iron garnet(YIG) Coral-like structures Rare earths Band gap energy Magnetic properties Antimicrobial properties

Compressive property and energy absorption characteristic of interconnected porous Mg-Zn-Y alloys with adjusting Y addition

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journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第1期12卷 171-185页

作者： j.A.Liu S.j.Liu B.Wang W.B.Sun X.j.Liu Z.W.Han College of Materials Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials(Ministry of Education)Jilin UniversityChangchun 130022PR China Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering(Ministry of Education) College of Biological and Agricultural EngineeringJilin UniversityChangchun130022PR China Weihai Institute for Bionics-jilin University Weihai 264205PR China

In this study,interconnected porous Mg-2Zn-xY alloys with different phase compositions were prepared by various Y additions(x=0.4,3,and 6 wt.%)to adjust the compressive properties and energy absorption *** characterization methods were then applied to identify the microstructure of the porous Mg-Zn-Y and describe the details of the second *** tests were performed at room temperature(RT),200℃,and 300℃to study the impact of the Y addition and testing temperature on the compressive properties of the porous *** experimental results showed that a high Y content promotes a microstructure refinement and increases the volume fraction of the second *** the Y content increases,different Mg-Zn-Y ternary phases appear:I-phase(Mg_(3)Zn_(6)Y),W-phase(Mg_(3)Zn_(3)Y_(2)),and LPSO phase(Mg_(12)ZnY).When the Y content ranges between 0.4%and 6%,the compressive strength increases from 6.30MPa to 9.23 MPa,and the energy absorption capacity increases from 7.33 Mj/m^(3)to 10.97 Mj/m^(3)at RT,which is mainly attributed to the phase composition and volume fraction of the second ***,the average energy absorption efficiency is independent of the Y *** addition,the compressive deformation behaviors of the porous Mg-Zn-Y are altered by the testing *** compressive strength and energy absorption capacity of the porous Mg-Zn-Y decrease due to the softening effect of the high temperature on the *** deformation behaviors at different temperatures are finally observed to reflect the failure mechanisms of the struts.

关键词： Porous magnesium Rare earth elements Microstructure Compressive behavior Energy absorption characteristic