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环境水样品中药物残留的潜在代谢物的鉴定

环境化学 2015年第12期34卷 2330-2333页

作者： gareth cleland Mark Wrona Lauren Mullin Jennifer Burgess 沃特世公司

使用超高效液相色谱-串联四极杆飞行时间质谱(QTOF),对环境水样品中的药物和个人护理品(PPCPs)、滥用药物和农兽药等1000多种化合物进行高分辨质谱筛查,并对潜在代谢物进行结构鉴定.水样经过浓缩,使用ACQUITY UPLC HSS C18色谱柱分离后... 详细信息

使用超高效液相色谱-串联四极杆飞行时间质谱(QTOF),对环境水样品中的药物和个人护理品(PPCPs)、滥用药物和农兽药等1000多种化合物进行高分辨质谱筛查,并对潜在代谢物进行结构鉴定.水样经过浓缩,使用ACQUITY UPLC HSS C18色谱柱分离后,进行UPLC-QTof分析.筛查出的潜在代谢物经UNIFI科学软件进行结构鉴定.

关键词：药物个人护理产品农药环境水样品 UNIFI 筛查高分辨质谱代谢物鉴定

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采用大体积进样提高水样中农药检测的灵敏度

环境化学 2014年第6期33卷 1055-1055页

作者： Lauren Mullin gareth cleland Kendon Graham 沃特世公司

质谱技术的进步,使得分析方法的检测限不断降低,推动了许多有关环境和食品中痕量污染物的研究.通常情况下,亚ppb级的污染物水平分析,首选串联四极杆质谱.使用WatersXevoG2-S QTof可轻松实现对10-9级别的已知和未知化合物的筛查,如... 详细信息

质谱技术的进步,使得分析方法的检测限不断降低,推动了许多有关环境和食品中痕量污染物的研究.通常情况下,亚ppb级的污染物水平分析,首选串联四极杆质谱.使用WatersXevoG2-S QTof可轻松实现对10-9级别的已知和未知化合物的筛查,如果增大样品进样体积,还可进一步提高灵敏度.而仅依靠MS/MS,是无法得到未知物或大量污染物的分析结果的.结合Xevo G2-S QTof的高精确质量数准确度（〈3×10-6）在低浓度水平下进行筛查实验,

关键词：大体积进样高灵敏度农药检测水样痕量污染物质谱技术 MS/MS ppb级

Development and course of heart failure after a myocardial infarction in younger and older people

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2014年第1期11卷 1-12页

作者： Azam Torabi John GF cleland Alan S Rigby Nasser Sherwi Department of Cardiology Castle Hill Hospital Hull York Medical School University of Hull Kingston upon Hull HU16 5JQ United Kingdom

BackgroundAcute 心肌的梗塞(AMI ) 是心失败(HF ) 的一个普通原因，它能此后不久开发 AMI 并且可以晚坚持或解决或发展。在 MI 以后的 HF 是死亡的主要来源。在在不同年龄组的 MI 以后的 HF 的累积发生，流行和决定糟糕被描述。在 AMI... 详细信息

BackgroundAcute 心肌的梗塞(AMI ) 是心失败(HF ) 的一个普通原因，它能此后不久开发 AMI 并且可以晚坚持或解决或发展。在 MI 以后的 HF 是死亡的主要来源。在在不同年龄组的 MI 以后的 HF 的累积发生，流行和决定糟糕被描述。在 AMI 从医院记录在 1998 期间根据有 AMI 的 age.MethodsPatients 被识别以后，这研究描述 HF 的自然历史。HF 与环利尿剂被定义为症状的治疗和 HF 的症状并且如果没有症状的复发，环利尿剂治疗能被停止，被认为决定了。病人们 < 被分成那些；65 年， 65-75 年，和 >；75 years.ResultsOf 896 个病人， 311， 297 和 288 被变老 <；65， 65-75 和 >； 75 年并且谁 24% ， 57% 和 82% 由 2005 年 12 月分别地死了。这些死亡， 24 (8%) ， 68 (23%) 并且(37%) 107 发生在索引承认期间，与尖锐 HF 联系的许多。A 推进 37 (12%) ， 63 (21%) 并且(29%) 82 开发了坚持了直到分泌物， 15， 44 和 62 随后死于的 HF。在分泌物以后， 53 (24%) ， 55 (40%) 并且 37 (47%) 病人们第一次开发了 HF，谁 26% ， 62% 和 76% 随后死了。死亡被 HF 的发展在 35 先于(70%) ， 93 (91%) 并且 107 (85%) 在年老的 <；65 年， 65-75 年和 >； 75 年，开发 HF 并且在 MI 以后死的 respectively.ConclusionsThe 风险与年龄日益增多地增加。不管年龄，在 MI 以后的大多数死亡被 HF 的发展先于。

关键词：急性心肌梗死心力衰竭心脏老年人年龄组 AMI 利尿剂 HF

Retrospective review of a tertiary adult burn centre's experience with modified Meek grafting

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Burns & Trauma 2016年第1期4卷 53-59页

作者： Namal Munasinghe Jason Wasiak Andrew Ives Heather cleland Cheng Hean Lo Victorian Adult Burns Service The Alfred55 Commercial RoadMelbourne3004Australia. Epworth Hospital 89 Bridge RoadRichmond 3121Australia. School of Public Health&Preventive Medicine Monash UniversityTheAlfred55 Commercial RoadMelbourne 3004Australia.

Background:Autologous split skin grafting is the gold standard in treating patients with massive burns.However,the limited availability of donor sites remains a problem.The aim of this study is to present our experience with the modified Meek technique of grafting,outcomes achieved and recommendations for optimized outcomes.Methods:We retrospectively reviewed patient records from our tertiary referral burn centre and the Bi-National Burns Registry to identify all patients who had modified Meek grafting between 2010 and 2013.Patient records were reviewed individually and information regarding patient demographics,mechanism of injury and surgical management was recorded.Outcome measures including graft take rate,requirement for further surgery and complications were also recorded.Results:Eleven patients had modified Meek grafting procedures.The average age of patients was 46 years old(range 23–64).The average total body surface area(TBSA)burnt was 56.75%(range 20–80%).On average,87%of the grafted areas healed well and did not require regrafting.In the regrafted areas,infection was the leading cause of graft failure.Conclusions:Modified Meek grafting is a useful method of skin expansion.Similar to any other grafting technique,infection needs to be sought and treated promptly.It is recommended for larger burns where donor sites are not adequate or where it is desirable to limit their extent.

关键词： Meek grafting Postage stamp grafting Micro-grafting Massive burns

A rare case of failed healing in previously burned skin after a secondary burns

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Burns & Trauma 2017年第4期5卷 268-271页

作者： Stephen J. Goldie Shaun Parsons Hana Menezes Andrew Ives Heather cleland Victorian Adult Burns Service Alfred Hospital Melbourne Australia Department of Surgery Monash University Melbourne Australia Victorian Adult Burns Service Alfred Hospital Melbourne Australia

Background:Patients presenting with large surface area burns are common in our practice;however, patients with a secondary large burn on pre-existing burn scars and grafts are rare and not reported. Case presentation:We report on an unusual case of a patient sustaining a secondary large burn to areas previously injured by a burn from a different mechanism. We discuss the potential implications when managing a case like this and suggest potential biological reasons why the skin may behave differently. Our patient was a 33-year-old man who presented with a 5%TBSA burn on skin scarred by a previous 40%total body surface area (TBSA) burn and skin grafts. Initially assessed as superficial partial thickness in depth, the wounds were treated conservatively with dressings;however, they failed to heal and became infected requiring surgical management. Conclusions:Burns sustained in areas of previous burn scars and grafts may behave differently to normal patterns of healing, requiring more aggressive management and surgical intervention at an early stage.

关键词： Previous burns Burn scar Non-healing

Issues in the Mining of Heart Failure Datasets

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2014年第2期11卷 162-179页

作者： Nongnuch Poolsawad Lisa Moore Chandrasekhar Kambhampati John G.F.cleland Intelligent Systems Research Group(IS Department of Computer Science) University of Hull Hull York Medical School Department of CardiologyUniversity of Hull

This paper investigates the characteristics of a clinical dataset using a combination of feature selection and classification methods to handle missing values and understand the underlying statistical characteristics of a typical clinical dataset. Typically, when a large clinical dataset is presented, it consists of challenges such as missing values, high dimensionality, and unbalanced classes. These pose an inherent problem when implementing feature selection and classification algorithms. With most clinical datasets, an initial exploration of the dataset is carried out, and those attributes with more than a certain percentage of missing values are eliminated from the dataset. Later, with the help of missing value imputation, feature selection and classification algorithms, prognostic and diagnostic models are developed. This paper has two main conclusions: 1) Despite the nature of clinical datasets, and their large size, methods for missing value imputation do not affect the final performance. What is crucial is that the dataset is an accurate representation of the clinical problem and those methods of imputing missing values are not critical for developing classifiers and prognostic/diagnostic models. 2) Supervised learning has proven to be more suitable for mining clinical data than unsupervised methods. It is also shown that non-parametric classifiers such as decision trees give better results when compared to parametric classifiers such as radial basis function networks(RBFNs).

关键词： Heart failure,clinical dataset,classification,clustering,missing values,feature selection.

Strengthening an in-service reinforcement concrete bridge with prestressed CFRP bars

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2009年第5期10卷 635-644页

作者： Hai-long WANG Wei-liang JIN David J. cleland Ai-hui ZHANG Department of Civil Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China School of Planning Architecture and Civil Engineering Queen's University Belfast Belfast BT9 5AG UK

Carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) bars were prestressed for the structural strengthening of 8 T-shaped rein-forced concrete (RC) beams of a 21-year-old bridge in China. The ultimate bearing capacity of the existing bridge after retrofit was discussed on the basis of concrete structures theory. The flexural strengths of RC beams strengthened with CFRP bars were controlled by the failure of concrete in compression and a prestressing method was applied in the retrofit. The field construction processes of strengthening with CFRP bars-including grouting cracks, cutting groove, grouting epoxy and embedding CFRP bars, surface treating, banding with the U-type CFRP sheets, releasing external prestressed steel tendons-were introduced in detail. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of this strengthening method, field tests using vehicles as live load were applied before and after the retrofit. The test results of deflection and concrete strain of the T-shaped beams with and without strengthening show that the capacity of the repaired bridge, including the bending strength and stiffness, is enhanced. The measurements of crack width also indicate that this strengthening method can enhance the durability of bridges. Therefore, the proposed strengthening technology is feasible and effective.

关键词：钢筋混凝土桥梁碳纤维复合材料预应力钢束酒吧碳纤维增强复合材料在役桥梁改造 CFRP加固

Massive haemorrhage in liver transplantation:Consequences,prediction and management

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World Journal of Transplantation 2016年第2期6卷 291-305页

作者： Stuart cleland Carlos Corredor Jia Jia Ye Coimbatore Srinivas Stuart A Mc Cluskey Department of Anesthesia and Pain Management Toronto General HospitalUniversity Health Network Department of Anesthesia University of Toronto

From its inception the success of liver transplantation has been associated with massive blood loss. Massive transfusion is classically defined as > 10 units of red blood cells within 24 h, but describing transfusion rates over a shorter period of time may reduce the potential for survival bias. Both massive haemorrhage and transfusion are associated with increased risk of mortality and morbidity(need for dialysis/surgical site infection) following liver transplantation although causality is difficult to prove due to the observational design of most trials. The blood loss associated with liver transplantation is multifactorial. Portal hypertension secondary to cirrhosis results in extensive collateral circulation, which can bleed during hepatectomy particular if portal pressures are increased. Avoiding volume loading and maintenance of a low central venous pressure together with the use of vasopressors have been shown to reduce blood loss and transfusion during liver transplantation, but may increase the risk of renal impairment post-operatively. Coagulation defects may be present pre-transplant, but haemostasis is often re-balanced due to a deficit in both proand anti-coagulation factors. Further derangement of haemostasis may develop in the anhepatic and neohepatic phases due to absent hepatic metabolic function, hyperfibrinolysis and platelet sequestration in the donor liver. Point-of-care tests of coagulation such as the viscoelastic tests rotation thromboelastometry/thromboelastometry allow and more accurate and rapid assessment of these derangements in coagulation and guide the use of factor replacement and antifibrinolytics. Transfusion protocols guided by these tests have been shown to reduce transfusion rates compared with conventional coagulation tests, but have not shownimprovements in mortality or morbidity. Pre-operative factors associated with massive transfusion include previous surgery, re-do transplantation, the aetiology and severity of liver disease. Intra-operatively the use of piggy-back tech

关键词： Liver transplantation Massive transfusion Coagulopathy

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对钢混桥梁面板中压缩薄膜效应的试验研究

合肥工业大学学报（自然科学版） 2010年第3期33卷 404-410页

作者：郑愚 S E Taylor D Robinson David cleland 东莞理工学院建筑工程系广东东莞523808 英国贝尔法斯特女王大学规划、建筑与土木工程学院贝尔法斯特BT95AG

为了研究钢混桥梁面板在压缩薄膜效应作用下的结构性能和真实承载能力,进行了一组1∶3比例桥梁模型的静力加载试验;并通过对混凝土强度、配筋率和支撑梁尺寸的改变来分析压缩薄膜效应对结构承载能力的影响。将试验结果与现行规范计算结... 详细信息

为了研究钢混桥梁面板在压缩薄膜效应作用下的结构性能和真实承载能力,进行了一组1∶3比例桥梁模型的静力加载试验;并通过对混凝土强度、配筋率和支撑梁尺寸的改变来分析压缩薄膜效应对结构承载能力的影响。将试验结果与现行规范计算结果和数值模拟结果进行比较后发现,现行的设计方法不能够准确地反映桥梁面板的真实承载能力,而数值分析结果与试验结果有着较好的吻合。

关键词：压缩薄膜效应试验研究钢混桥梁面板承载力