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Th. Ph.siological Response to Drawing and Its Relation to Attention and Relaxation

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Journal of Beh.vioral and Brain Science 2017年第3期7卷 111-124页

作者： gareth h. loudon Gina M. Deininger Centre for Creativity Ltd. Newport UK Cardiff Sch.ol of Art & Design Cardiff Metropolitan University Cardiff UK

Th. main purpose of th.s study was to analyze th. ph.siological response of participants during a creative activity and compare th. results to th.ir ph.siological response during states of h.gh.attention and relaxation. Our interest was not only about th. relationsh.p between creativity and attention, but also about th. role of valence and arousal. We used h.art rate variability (h.V) as our ph.siological measure. We asked twenty-two participants to undertake th.ee activities: a stroop test;a relaxation activity;and a drawing activity. After each.activity, th. participants were asked to reflect on th.ir levels of attention, relaxation and enjoyment. Th. results sh.wed significant ph.siological differences between th. th.ee activities: mean h.art rate, F(2, 42) = 8.96, p = 0.001;log-transformed low frequency h.V power, F(1.43, 30.07) = 18.12, p h.gh.frequency h.V power, F(2, 42) = 6.25, p = 0.004. Overall, th. results suggested th.t participants h.d h.gh.levels of attention during th. drawing activity, with.positive valence. Th. results also suggested th.t participants’ levels of arousal differed between th. th.ee activities. Th. implications of th.se results are described in th. discussion.

关键词： Creativity h.art Rate Variability Attention Arousal Valence

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无限词汇特定人汉语语音识别系统

无限词汇特定人汉语语音识别系统

Th. Role of Casein Kinase 1 in Circadian Timing

第三届全国人机语音通讯学术会议

作者：苑宝生高雨青洪小文 gareth h.loudon Apple-ISS Research.Centre National University of SingaporeHeng Mui Keng TerraceKent Ridge 0511Singapore Apple-ISS Research.Centre National University of SingaporeHeng Mui Keng TerraceKent Ridge 0511Singapore Apple-ISS Research.Centre National University of SingaporeHeng Mui Keng TerraceKent Ridge 0511Singapore Apple-ISS Research.Centre National University of SingaporeHeng Mui Keng TerraceKent Ridge 0511Singapore

这里介绍的是一个用来语音输入汉字的特定人语音识别系统。这个系统不仅可以识别全部汉语单音字,而且还能够识别另外5,000常用多字词,因而构成一个无限定词汇系统。基于一种优化的声母、韵母音节相关模型,系统的识别率可达到首选94％及... 详细信息

这里介绍的是一个用来语音输入汉字的特定人语音识别系统。这个系统不仅可以识别全部汉语单音字,而且还能够识别另外5,000常用多字词,因而构成一个无限定词汇系统。基于一种优化的声母、韵母音节相关模型,系统的识别率可达到首选94％及五个候选99％。本文还将介绍为了使系统实用化而做的减少训练用语音数据的一些研究结果。

关键词：语音识别无限词汇声母、韵母音节相关模型优化训练

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The Role of Casein Kinase 1 in Circadian Timing

Function of Casein kinase 1 in circadian clock:a study of CK1 inh.bitors

“基因、进化与生理功能多样性”海内外学术研讨会暨中国生理学会第七届比较生理学学术会议

作者： Mich.el h.h.stings Andrew S.I.loudon MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology Neurobiology DivisionHills RdCambridge CB2 0QHU.K. Faculty of Life Sciences University of ManchesterA.V.Hill BuildingOxford RoadManchesterM13 9PT

Post-translational modifications of key clock proteins are essential regulators circadian clocks,with.ph.sph.rylation by casein kinase 1 as a key step in th. degradation path.ay of mammalian PER *** th. role （s） of th.εandδisoforms of CK1 are unclear, not least because CK1εnull mice exh.bit near-normal circadian beh.vioural rh.th.s. Questions remain,th.refore,as to wh.th.r both.enzymes are active regulators of th. circadian clock,and h.w th.y interact with.specific clock *** using novel ph.rmacological inh.bitors targeting eith.r CK1εor CK1δcombined with.gene knock-out,and knock-down,we define th.ir respective roles in th. mammalian *** CK1ε-selective drug（PF-4800567） h.d no significant action on circadian rh.th.icity in wild-type and CK1εnull animals,tissues or *** did,h.wever,counteract th. acceleration of circadian period of beh.vioural activity and clock gene oscillation observed in th. CK1ε *** contrast,CK1δinh.bitor（PF- 670462） dose-dependently length.ned th. circadian period of wild-type and CK1εnull mice in terms of in vivo beh.viour,as well as clock gene oscillations in th. SCN,periph.ral tissues and *** gene-specific SiRNA and Sh.NA in cell lines and primary cells,we confirmed th.t CK1εknockdown h.d little impact on th. circadian clockwork,wh.le CK1δknock-down significantly reduced th. amplitude of oscillation and length.ned circadian *** determine th. mech.nism of action of CK1δin setting circadian period,we examined th. effects of inh.bitor on PER2 protein *** h.gh.doses,PF-670462 caused a reversible arrh.th.ia in cell cultures, wh.ch.was accompanied by prolonged nuclear retention of *** treatment of SCN slices with.PF-670462 caused desynch.ony between left and righ. SCN（splitting） and ultimately cellular dys-rh.th.ia and sustained PER2 *** suggests th.t CK1 enzymes are crucial for nuclear clearance of th. target PER2 *** retention of PER2 in th. nucleus ma

关键词： Casein kinase 1 Circadian Period Inh.bitor Suprach.asmatic

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Function of Casein kinase 1 in circadian clock:a study of CK...

Cultivating stem cells for treating amyotroph.c lateral sclerosis

中国神经科学学会第九届全国学术会议暨第五次会员代表大会

作者： Andrew S.I.loudon Mich.el h.stings Faculty of Life Sciences University of ManchesterManchesterM13 9PTUK Division of Neurobiology MRC Laboratory of Molecular BiologyCambridgeCB2 OQHUK

Circadian pacemaking requires th. orderly synth.sis,posttranslational modification,and degradation of clock *** mammals,mutations in casein kinase 1(CK1)εorδcan alter th. circadian period,but th.particular functions of th. WT isoforms with.n th. pacemaker remain *** selectively targeted WT CK1εand CK1δusing ph.rmacological inh.bitors(PF-4800567 and PF-670462,respectively)alongside genetic knockout and knockdown to reveal th.t CK1 activity is essential to molecular ***,CK1δis th.principal regulator of th. clock period:ph.rmacological inh.bition ofCK1δ,but not CKle,significantly length.ned circadian rh.th.s in locomotor activity in vivo and molecular oscillations in th. suprach.asmatic nucleus(SCN)and periph.ral tissue slices in *** length.ning mediated by CK1δinh.bition was accompanied by nuclear retention of PER2 protein both.in vitro and in ***,ph.se mapping of th. molecular clockwork in vitro sh.wed th.t PF-670462 treatment length.ned th. period in a ph.se-specific manner,selectively extending th. duration of PER2-mediated transcriptional feedback. Th.se findings suggested th.t CK1δinh.bition migh. be effective in increasing th. amplitude and synch.onization of disrup-ted circadian *** was tested using arrh.th.ic SCN slices derived from Vipr2mice,in wh.ch.PF- 670462 treatment transiently restored robust circadian rh.th.s of PER2::Luc ***,in mice rendered beh.viorally arrh.th.ic by th. Vipr2mutation or by constant ligh.,daily treatment with.PF-670462 elicited robust 24-h.activity cycles th.t persisted th.ough.ut ***,selective ph.rmacological targeting of th. endogenous circadian regulator CK1δoffers an avenue for th.rapeutic modulation of perturbed circadian beh.vior.

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2012年第12期4卷 117-119页

作者： Sh.ngwen Calvin Li h.ng Zh.n Yin William G loudon Joh. h.Weiss Ch.C Ch.ldren's h.spital University of California Irvine Department of Neurology University of California IrvineOrange Department of Neurology University of California Irvine Department of Neurological Surgery University of California IrvineOrange

Th.s editorial addresses th. current ch.llenges and future directions in th. use of stem cells as an approach.for treating amyotroph.c lateral sclerosis.A wide variety of literature h.s been reviewed to enligh.en th. reader on th. many facets of stem cell research.th.t are important to consider before using th.m for a cell based th.rapy.

关键词： Stem cell th.rapy Amyotroph.c lateral sclerosis

Th. Effects of Preeclampsia on Perinatal Risks and Infant Temperaments Among Moth.rs With.Antenatal Depression

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Psych.logy Research 2014年第6期4卷 451-461页

作者： Yoko Nomura Jackie Finik Jacquelyn Salzbank Jenny Ly Nancy h.ynh.Taira Davey Mariya Dineva AyeletAbelow Cindy Flores Rejina Daniel h.lly loudon Joanne Stone Patricia Pierre Gary Eglinton Jeffrey h. Newcorn Queens College (CUNY) & Icah. Sch.ol of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York USA University of Maryland College Park Maryland USA Queens College (CUNY) &Icah. Sch.ol of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York USA Icah. Sch.ol of Medicineat Mount Sinai & CornellUniversity New YorkUSA Queens College (CUNY) New York USA Icah. Sch.ol of Medicineat Mount Sinai New York USA New York h.spital Queens New York USA Icah. Sch.ol of Medicineat Mount Sinai New York USA

Importance: Preeclampsia and depression are two of th. most prevalent disorders known to affect pregnant women and unborn infants. h.wever, few studies h.ve prospectively examined th. adverse influence of in-utero exposures to th. two disorders on th. optimal development in th.ir offspring, including mortality, adverse birth.outcomes, and infant temperament styles. Objectives: (1) To examine wh.th.r exposures to preeclampsia and antenatal depression were associated with.developmental indices of offspring at birth.and temperament at 3 month.; and (2) To evaluate h.w preeclampsia and antenatal depression were associated with.offspring temperamental style. Design: Prospective coh.rt study with.regular assessment of moth.r"s blood pressure at each.prenatal visit, offspring were followed till th.ee month.. Setting: Two prenatal clinics, New York City, USA. Participants: A coh.rt of 233 pregnant women were followed th.ough.ut pregnancy. Of th.se, 141 provided ratings of infant temperament at th.ee month.. Exposures: Diagnostic outcome of maternal depression by clinical interviewers blind to preeclampsia status were ascertained using th. Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders. Th. development of preeclampsia, defined by th. onset of h.pertension (> 140/90 mm h.) after 20 weeks" gestation, accompanied by 300 mg of protein, monitored via electronic medical records. Main Outcome Measures: Birth.outcomes were assessed via standardized ratings at delivery. Infant temperament was reported by th. moth.r at six month., using th. 91-item IBQ-R (Infant Beh.vioral Questionnaire-Revised). Results: Preeclampsia was associated with.an over 5-fold increased risk for fetal/infant mortality, a 3- to 7-fold increased risk for poorer birth.outcomes, and flatter affect and distress in infants. Furth.rmore, infants born to preeclamptic moth.rs with.co-occurring depression displayed lower levels of smiling/laugh.er, h.gh.intensity pleasure seeking beh.vior, perceptual sensiti

关键词：抑郁症气质子痫先兆产前婴儿围产期母亲

Training stem cells for treatment of malignant brain tumors

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2014年第4期6卷 432-440页

作者： Sh.ngwen Calvin Li Mustafa h.Kabeer Long T Vu Vic Kesch.umrus h.ng Zh.n Yin Brent A Deth.efs Jiang F Zh.ng Joh. h.Weiss William G loudon Neuro-On-cology and Stem Cell Research.Laboratory Center for Neurosci-ence ResearchChildren’s Hospital of Orange CountyUniversity of California-IrvineOrangeCA 92868United States Department of Neurology University of California IrvineOrangeCA 92862United States Department of Path.logy University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90033United States

Th. treatment of malignant brain tumors remains a ch.llenge. Stem cell tech.ology h.s been applied in th. treatment of brain tumors largely because of th. ability of some stem cells to infiltrate into regions with.n th. brain wh.re tumor cells migrate as sh.wn in preclinical studies. h.wever, not all of th.se efforts can translate in th. effective treatment th.t improves th. quality of life for pa-tients. h.re, we perform a literature review to identify th. problems in th. field. Given th. lack of efficacy of most stem cell-based agents used in th. treatment of malignant brain tumors, we found th.t stem cell distribution(i.e., only a fraction of stem cells applied capable of targeting tumors) are among th. limiting factors. We provide guidelines for potential improvements in stem cell distribution. Specifically, we use an engineered tissue graft platform th.t replicates th. in vivo microenvironment, and provide our data to validate th.t th.s culture platform is viable for producing stem cells th.t h.ve better stem cell distribution th.n with.th. Petri dish.culture system.

关键词： Stem cells Malignant brain tumors Engineered tissue graft Organotypic slice model