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Soil fertilization does not alter plant architectural effects on arthropod communities

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2017年第5期10卷 800-807页

作者： m.Noelia Barrios-garcia mariano A.Rodriguez-Cabal Jennifer A.Rudgers Gregory m.Crutsinger CONICET CENAC-APNFagnano 244BarilocheRio Negro CP.8400Argentina Grupo de Ecología de Invasiones INIBIOMA-CONICETUniversidad Nacional del ComahueAv.de los Pioneros 2350BarilocheRio Negro CP.8400Argentina Department of Biology University of New MexicoCastetter Hall 286AlbuquerqueNM 87131USA Department of Zoology University of British Columbia#4200-6270 University Blvd.VancouverBritish Columbia V6T 1Z4Canada

Aims While a growing number of studies have demonstrated the impor-tance of intraspecific differences within plant species on associ-ated arthropod communities,little is known regarding the relative strength of these effects compared to environmental *** this study,we examined whether intraspecific plant differences and nutrient fertilization interact to shape the arthropod community of a dominant coastal shrub,Baccharis pilularis(coyote bush).methods We overlaid a fertilization treatment on a 12-year-old common garden experiment planted with erect and prostrate architectural morphs of Baccharis in california,*** collect the associated arthropod community,we vacuum sampled the crown of each Baccharis and identified individuals to species or *** Findings We found that arthropod richness and abundance were 2-to 3-fold greater on prostrate Baccharis than on erect morphs,but observed no main effects of fertilizer addition on the over-all arthropod *** responded as strongly as herbivores to plant morph,and both were unaffected by nutrient *** the specialist stem galler,Gnorimosch.ma bac-charisella,showed an interactive response to plant morph and ***,phosphorous and potassium addition had opposite effects on the two morphs,increasing stem gall abun-dance by 50%on prostrate morphs,but reducing galling by 20%on erect *** architectural complexity of prostrate morphs could be the driving mechanism of differences in arthropod ***,our results demonstrate that communitylevel consequences of intraspecific differences in plants are strong,rather than being context dependent,and are generally maintained under different resource *** growing number of studies showing strong genotype than nutrient effects on associated arthropod communities suggests that this might be a generalized pattern.

关键词： Baccharis pilularis community genetics G×E interactions galling insects nutrient fertilization

COVID-19 pandemic,as experienced in the surgical service of a district hospital in Spain

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2021年第23期9卷 6582-6590页

作者： Francisco Javier Pérez Lara maria Belen Jimenez martinez Francisco Pozo muñoz Andres Fontalba Navas Rogelio garcia Cisneros maria Jose garcia Larrosa Ignacio garcia Delgado maria del mar Callejon Gil Department of Surgery Hopital de AntequeraAntequera 29200MálagaSpain North.malaga healthcare District Hopital de AntequeraAntequera 29200MálagaSpain

The coronavirus disease 2019,which is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2,was first identified in December 2019 in Wuhan,China,and has since spread rapidly,evolving into a full-blown *** would like to report our experience after 1 year of this pandemic in the surgical service of a district hospital in *** have been many changes(including new protocols)that our service and the hospital have undergone,to adapt to the new *** believe that this experience can be useful for other professionals who have lived and are living a similar situation.

关键词： COVID-19 hospital Experience Surgery Service Treatment

Bioactive polysaccharides from medicinal mushrooms:A review on their isolation,structural characteristics and antitumor activity

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Food Bioscience 2022年第5期49卷 119-129页

作者： Juliana garcia Francisca Rodrigues maria Jos´e Saavedra Fernando m.Nunes Guilhermina marques CITAB-Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environment and Biological Sciences University of Tr´as-os-Montes e Alto Douro5001-801Vila RealPortugal AquaValor-Centro de Valorizaç˜ao e Transferˆencia de Tecnologia da´Agua-Associaç˜ao Rua Dr.Júlio Martins n.◦15400-342ChavesPortugal REQUImTE/LAQV-Polytechnic of Porto-School of Engineering Rua Dr.Ant´onio Bernardino de Almeida4314249-015PortoPortugal CQ-VR-Centro de Química-Vila Real Food and Wine Chemistry Lab.Chemistry DepartamentUniversity of Tr´as-os-Montes e Alto Douro5001-801Vila RealPortugal

mushrooms either alone or in combination with conventional cancer treatment have been enhanced the efficacy of ch.motherapy and radiotherapy improving the patients’quality of *** therapy effects have been attributed to polysaccharides;the most potent compounds found in the fungi *** to their wide range of biological activity and the backbone of glucose residues linked byβ-(1→3)-glycosidic bonds,often with attached side-chain glucose residues joined byβ-(1→6)linkages,the mushroom’s polysaccharides,particularly theβ-glucans,are the most versatile ***,D-fraction,and schizophyllan from Lentinula edodes,Grifola frondosa,and Schizophyllum commune,respectively are well-knownβ-glucans,however,the precise immunomodulation and anticancer mechanisms of action remain to be *** to several studies,β-glucan can interact with certain receptors on macrophages and dendritic cells,such as dectin-1 and TLRs,producing different cytokines and,in turn,indirectly activating other immune cells including T and B ***,recent findings have proved thatβ-glucans have a direct cytotoxic effect on cancer cells suppressing proliferation and enhancing apoptosis possibly via multiple pathways such as PI3K/Akt/mTOR,NF-κB-,ERK-,ERα-,caspase-and p53-dependent ***,this study intends to provide information on the lentinan,D-fraction,and schizophyllan by examining the extraction procedures,ch.mical composition,and immunostimulatory and antitumoral biological *** research directions should be directed toward improving the validity and reliability of randomized trials to confirm the potential role ofβ-glucans on the immune system and as anticancer therapy.

关键词： Lentinan D-fraction Schizophyllan Anticancer activity

Reviewing 40 years of artificial intelligence applied to power systems-A taxonomic perspective

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Energy and AI 2024年第1期15卷 136-150页

作者： F.heymann h.Quest T.Lopez garcia C.Ballif m.Galus Swiss Federal Office for Energy(SFOE) Section Geoinformation and Digital InnovationIttigenSwitzerland Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne(EPFL) Photovoltaics and Thin-Film Electronics Laboratory(PV-LAB)Institute of Electrical and Micro Engineering(IEM)NeuchâtelSwitzerland 3S Swiss Solar Solutions AG ThunSwitzerland Swiss Center for Electronics and microtechnology(CSEm) Sustainable Energy CenterNeuchâtelSwitzerland Digital Energy and Electric Power Lucerne University of Applied Sciences and ArtsLucerneSwitzerland

Artificial intelligence(AI)as a multi-purpose technology is gaining increased attention and is now widely used across all sectors of the *** growing complexity of planning and operating power systems makes AI extremely valuable for the power *** now,there has been a lack of clarity regarding the specific points along the power system supply chain where AI applications demonstrate significant value,as well as which AI domains are best suited for such *** study employs an AI taxonomy and automated web search to qualitatively and quantitatively unveil the biggest potentials of AI in the power *** analysis,based on a review of 258’919 publications between 1982 and 2022,reveals where AI applications are particularly *** consider six AI domains(reasoning,planning,learning,communication,perception,integration&interaction)and 19 use cases from the power supply chain(i.e.,generation,transmission networks,distribution networks,isolated grids/microgrids,market operations and retail).Our findings indicate that,as of now,the focus is predominantly on AI applications in power retail(55%),transmission(14%)and generation(13%).most analyzed works describe applications built on algorithms of the AI domains“learning”(45%)and“planning”(14%).Results also suggest that the current definition of AI domains is ambiguous,and they highlight missing information on the actual use and successful implementation of AI in power system use cases.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Power systems Electricity Taxonomy Policy

Corrosion and passive film characteristics of 3D-printed NiTi shape memory alloys in artificial saliva

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Rare metals 2023年第9期42卷 3114-3129页

作者： ming Liu Jia-Ning Zhu V.A.Popovich E.Borisov J.m.C.mol Y.Gonzalez-garcia State Key Laboratory for mechanical Behavior of materials Center for Advancing Materials Performance from the Nanoscale(CAMP-Nano)Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an710049China Department of materials Science and Engineering Delft University of TechnologyAA Delft2600The Netherlands Peter the Great Saint-Petersburg Polytechnic University Saint Petersburg195251Russia

Electroch.mical tests and surface analysis were applied to study the corrosion behavior and passive film characteristics of three-dimensional-printed NiTi shape memory alloys fabricated by laser-powder bed fusion(LPBF) in artificial saliva at 37.C. The passivity of L-PBF NiTi shows to be influenced by the process parameters and resulting morphological and physicoch.mical surface properties. The results show that the defects at the surface of L-PBF Ni Ti can promote the passivation rate in the early stages of exposure but a slowly formed passive film shows the best corrosion protection. The thickness of the passive film is positively correlated with its corrosion protective performance. The L-PBF NiTi alloy prepared at a linear energy density of 0.2 J·m^(-1) and volumetric energy density of 56 J·mm^(-3) shows the least defects and best corrosion protection. An outer Ti-rich and inner Ni-rich dense passive film could be also obtained showing higher corrosion resistance.

关键词： NiTi Laser-powder bed fusion(L-PBF) Passive film Corrosion resistance Artificial saliva

modern microalloyed Steels

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2011年第S1期18卷 14-21页

作者： garcia C Issac Suikkanen Pasi P Deardo Anthony J Basic metals Processing Research Institute Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials ScienceUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15261USA Department of mechanical Engineering University of OuluBox 420090014 OuluFinland

The addition of microalloying elements (mAE) to low C-mn-Si hSLA steels has led to many benefits to the producers,fabricators and *** improvements such as microstructural refinement,higher dislocation and sub-grain boundary densities and finer m-A-C distributions have led to higher strength,improved toughness and better *** improvements can often be traced to the mA *** steels for load-bearing applications,the combination of mAE with hardenability additions (Cr,mo,B,etc.) and lower transformation temperatures has led to much higher strength levels than what were available a few years *** resulting nonpolygonal,bainitic and martensitic ferrite microstructures have not only higher strengths but also adequate levels of improved ductility and *** strip,plate and pipe applications have benefitted from these *** improvements have been found in the microalloyed forging steels,where the change from pearlite-ferrite to bainitic ferrite microstructures has led to higher strengths and improved high-cycle fatigue resistance,with little penalty in ductility and *** the cold rolled gauges,both the so-called Advanced high Strength Steels (DP,TRIP and Complex Phase Steels) and the martensitic direct-quenched and press-quenched steels,along with the Interstitial-Free steels,have benefited from mAE additions,especially in the very popular zinc-coated sheet *** paper will briefly review each of these topic areas,and the underlying physical metallurgy will be discussed.

关键词： microalloying vanadium hSLA steels bainite,linepipe thermomechanical processing

Environmental Factors that Affect Primary Plant Succession Trajectories on Lahars(Popocatépetl Volcano,mexico)

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Journal of mountain Science 2015年第5期12卷 1254-1266页

作者： garcia-ROmERO Arturo ALANIS-ANAYA Rocío marisol mUNOZ-JImENEZ Julio Departamento de Geografía Física Instituto de GeografíaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de México.Circuitoexterior s/nCiudad Universitaria04510 MexicoDistrito FederalMexico Laboratorio de Análisis Geoespacial Instituto de GeografíaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de México.Circuitoexterior s/nCiudad Universitaria04510 MexicoDistrito FederalMexico Departamento de A.G.R.y Geografía Física Facultad de Geografía e HistoriaUniversidad Complutense de Madrid.Calle Profesor Aranguren s/nCiudad Universitaria28040MadridSpain

The earliest stages of plant succession on severely disturbed sites usually follow highly unpredictable trajectories. however, in the Popocatépetl volcano area(50 km SE of mexico City),the development of physiognomically distinct primary plant communities suggests the occurrence of various successional trajectories only 10 years after the onset of colonization of a temperate forest on lahars. To characterize plant communities and determine the environmental factors that drive the differences observed between plant communities and their successional trajectories, we monitored 64 circular sample plots(3.14 m2) from 2002 to 2011. We examined the plant communities' composition and structure in terms of their species richness and abundance, plant cover, and maximum stem height,and recorded 13 environmental factors related to the volcanic deposit characteristics, microclimate, soil,flow dynamics and gravitational processes. A cluster analysis of the species abundance data showed that,by 2011, six plant community types(CT's) had established, including grasslands, and open, dense and very dense shrub lands. As these communities developed over the same period of time and within the same overall ecosystem, then these plant community types were interpreted as different stages of the same successional trajectory. Two sequential main stages that drive regeneration were identified from this successional trajectory: a) the first four years are characterized by a steady increase in species richness and physiognomic development(plant size and coverage), mostly dominated by Baccharis conferta, Eupatorium glabratum and Senecio barbajohannis; b) from the sixth year onwards, a continued increase in the abundance of those same species led to the development of the dense shrubland *** in the availability of soil resources and disturbances linked to recent lahar flows were the main factors accounting for such differences.

关键词： Ecosystem regeneration Plantcolonization Primary succession Temperate forest Light exposure Elevation Soil Slope aspect

An Invasive Succulent Plant (Kalanchoe daigremontiana) Influences Soil Carbon and Nitrogen mineralization in a Neotropical Semiarid Zone

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Pedosphere 2018年第4期28卷 632-643页

作者： Ileana hERRERA Jose R. FERRER-PARIS Diana BENZO Saul FLORES Belkis garcia Jafet m. NASSAR Ecuela de Ciencias Ambientales Universidad Espiritu Santo Guayaquil 091650 (Ecuador) Centro de Ecologla Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Cientificas (IVIC) Caracas 1020 (Venezuela) Centro de Estudios Botdnieos y Agroforestales Instituto Venezolano de Investigaeiones Cientificas Maracaibo 4005 (Venezuela)

It has long been recognized that plant invasions may alter carbon （C） and nitrogen （N） cycles, but the direction and magnitude of such alterations have been rarely quantified. In this study, we quantified the effects caused by the invasion of a noxious exotic plant, Kalanchoe daigrernontiana （Crassulaceae）, on C and N mineralization and enzymatic and microbial activities in the soil of a semiarid locality in Venezuela. We compared soil parameters associated with these processes （C and N mineralization time and the cumulative values, fluorescein diacetate hydrolytic activity, and activities of dehydrogenase, β-glucosidase, glucosaminidase, and urease） between invaded and adjacent non-invaded sites. In addition, correlations among these parameters and the soil physical-ch.mical properties were also examined to determine if a positive feedback exists between nutrient availability and K. daigremontiana invasion. Overall, our results showed that C mineralization and transformation of organic compounds to Nh4^＋ were favored at sites colonized by K. daigrernontiana. With this species, we found the highest cumulative amounts of Nh4^＋-N and C and the lowest mineralization time. These results could be explained by higher activities of urease and glueosaminidase in soils under the influence of K. daigremontiana. In addition, higher amounts of organic matter and moisture content in invaded soils might favor C and N mineralization. In conclusion, invasion of Neotropical semiarid zones by K. daigrernontiana may influence the ch.mical and biological properties of the soils covered by this species, increasing nutrient bioavailability, which, in time, can facilitate the invasion process.

关键词： Akaike Information Criterion C and N pools enzymatic activity Nh4^+-N NO3^--N nutrient availability plant invasion

Suspended sediment transport analysis in two Italian instrumented catchments

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Journal of mountain Science 2016年第6期13卷 957-970页

作者： Adriana garcia-RAmA Stefano Giorgio PAGANO Francesco GENTILE mario Aristide LENZI Department of Land EnvironmentAgriculture and Forestry(TeSAF)University of PadovaAgripolis-Vialedell'Universita 16-35o20 Legnaro(PD)Italy Department of Agricultural and Environmental Science(DiSAAT) University of BariviaAmendola 165/A70126 BariItaly ApuliaBasin Authority SPper Casamassima km 370010 ValenzanoBariItaly

Suspended sediment transport in streams is an effective indicator of soil erosion at the watershed scale. This process was studied using the data obtained from two continuous monitoring stations installed in Italian watersheds, the Rio Cordon and Torrente CarapeUe. The catchments have substantially different climatic, morphological and land use characteristics. The Rio Cordon, a small Alpine watershed, has been monitored since 1986, while in the Torrente Carapelle, a medium-size mediterranean watershed, the monitoring station has provided data since 2007. Several flood events with suspended sediment transport were isolated in the two catchments, excluding those determined by snowmelt in the Rio Cordon as this process does not affect the Carapelle watershed. Analysis of the events showed different behavior in terms of hysteresis loop trends between water discharge （m3 S-1） and suspended sediment concentration （g 1-1） values, as the Rio Cordon confirms clockwise relationships most frequently, while counter-clockwise trends represent the majority of cases for the Carapelle Torrent. The different behavior of the two watersheds was further analyzed by evaluating relationships between the main hydrological parameters related to suspended sediment transport. Runoff controls the total sediment budget in both catchments. In contrast, it was noted that the runoff process does not interfere in the magnitude of the suspended sediment transport in the Rio Cordon catchment, while variations due to the larger size of the catchment area characterize the events in the Carapelle watershed. Lastly, a flow peak threshold that determines the advance or delay of the hydrograph peak with respect to the sedigraph peak was established for the Carapelle Torrent, while it was not reported in the Rio Cordon.

关键词： Suspended sediment transport Continuous monitoring hysteresis analysis Flowpeak threshold: Soil erosion