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Socio-Demographic Factors Associated with Psychoactive Substance Use among Commercial Motorcycle Operators in Kano, Nigeria

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2016年第1期6卷 76-85页

作者： mustapha Ibrahim Gudaji Zahraddeen garba Habib Department of Psychiatry Faculty of Clinical Sciences College of Health Sciences Bayero UniversityKano Nigeria Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital Kano Nigeria

Background: Psychoactive substance use was common among commercial motorcycle operators. Studies had shown that there were some socio-demographic factors which were commoner among commercial motorcycle operators who used psychoactive substances. However, this was not explored among commercial motorcycle operators in Kano, North Western Nigeria. Aim: The aim of the study was to determine the socio-demographic factors associated with psychoactive substance use among motorcycle operators in Kano, Northwestern Nigeria. Methods: It was a cross-sectional study. Instrument used for data collection included socio-demographic questionnaire and World Health Organisation Student Drug Use Questionnaire. Data analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) 16th edition. Results: Commercial motorcycle operators who used substances were found to be of younger age group (X2 = 10.9, P 2 = 4.3, P = 0.034) and had a father who used tobacco (X2 = 4.28, P = 0.04). Participants who were single were more likely to use inhalants (X2 = 21.06, P =0.001), opiates (X2 = 11.82, P = 0.012), cannabis (X2 = 5.12, P = 0.028) and stimulants (X2 = 5.12, P = 0.028) compared to those who were married. Conclusion: This study found that being of younger age, being single, and having a father who smoked were significantly associated with psychoactive substance use. Participants who were singles were more likely to use inhalants, opiates, cannabis and stimulants. No relationship was observed between the age of the respondents and specific substance use. Legislations should be enacted to reduce the rate of psychoactive substance use among motorcycle operators and general population at large.

关键词： Psycho-Active Substance Sociodemographic Factors Motorcycle Operators SDUQ Nigeria

Catatonia: Cavum Septum Pellucidum and Vergae, a Cause or a Coincidence?

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2023年第4期13卷 221-228页

作者： mustapha Gudaji Zaharaddeen garba Habib Haruna Yakubu Department of Psychiatry Faculty of Clinical Sciences College of Health Sciences Bayero University Kano/Aminu Kano Teaching Kano Nigeria

Background: Many studies in the 20th century have reported an association between Schizophrenia and Catatonia. Structural brain abnormalities have also been found in many psychotic illnesses, including schizophrenia and there are findings of association of large ventricles with chronic and deteriorating psychosis. It is possible that a large ventricular system may increase the likelihood of catatonia with a chronic course. Cavum Septum Pellucidum (CSP) and Cavum Vergae (CV) are structural abnormalities that have been associated with Schizophrenia. This is a case report of the presence of persistent CSP and CV in a patient diagnosed with schizophrenia with catatonia. Conclusion: Although there are several reports of the findings of a persistent large CSP and CV in patients with Schizophrenia, it is questionable whether the CSP and CV are the cause of the Catatonia or their occurrence is a mere coincidence.

关键词： Schizophrenia Cavum Septum Pellucidum Cavum Vergae Catatonia

Mathematical modeling and analysis of schistosomiasis transmission dynamics

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International Journal of Modeling, Simulation, and Scientific Computing 2021年第4期12卷 58-76页

作者： Umar T.mustapha Salihu S.Musa Muhammad A.Lawan Aliyu Abba Evren Hincal Musa D.Mohammed Bashir D.garba Rabiu B.Yunus Shehu A.Adamu Daihai He Department of Mathematics Near East University TRNC Mersin 10 Turkey Department of Mathematics Federal University Dutse Nigeria Department of Applied Mathematics The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong Department of Mathematics Kano University of Science and Technology Wudil Nigeria Department of Statistics Jigawa State Polytechnic DutseNigeria Department of Computer Engineering Institute of Continuing Education Kano University of Science and Technology Wudil Nigeria Department of Mathematics and Statistics Kano State Polytechnic Nigeria

Schistosomiasis is a parasitic disease from the family of Schistosomatidae and genus Schistosoma,which is caused by blood *** disease is endemic in many countries and still a serious threat to global public health and *** this paper,a new deterministic model is designed and analyzed qualitatively to explore the dynamics of schistosomiasis transmission in human,cattle and snail *** from our mathematical analysis show that the model has a disease-free equilibrium(DFE)which is locally asymptotically stable(LAS)whenever a particular epidemiological threshold quantity,also known as basic reproduction number(R0)is less than *** analysis shows that the model has a unique endemic equilibrium(EE)which is globally asymptotically stable whenever R0>1 and unstable when R0<***,we adopt partial rank correlation coefficient for sensitivity analysis to reveal the most important parameters for effective control and mitigation of schistosomiasis disease in a ***,we obtain some numerical results by simulating the entire dynamics of the model,which show that the infections in the compartments of each population decrease with respect to *** further indicates that avoiding contact with infected human,cattle or infested water is vital to prevent the spread of schistosomiasis disease infection.

关键词： Schistosomiasis disease basic reproduction number stability analysis sensitivity analysis

Review of pharmacologic and immunologic agents in the management of COVID-19

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Biosafety and Health 2021年第3期3卷 148-155页

作者： Marzuq A.Ungogo mustapha Mohammed Bala N.Umar Auwal A.Bala garba M.Khalid Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology Ahmadu Bello UniversityZaria 810107Kaduna StateNigeria Institute of Infection Immunity and InflammationCollege of MedicalVeterinary and Life SciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgow G128TAUnited Kingdom School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Universiti Sains Malaysi1Penang City 11800Pulau Pinang StateMalaysia Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice Ahmadu Bello UniversityZaria 810107Kaduna StateNigeria Department of Veterinary Microbiology Faculty of Veterinary MedicineAhmadu Bello UniversityZaria 810107Kaduna StateNigeria Department of Pharmacology College of Medicine and Health SciencesFederal UniversityDutse 720231Jigawa StateNigeria Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Bayero UniversityKano P.M.B.3011Kano StateNigeria Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences UniversitàDegli Studi di MilanoVia G.Colombo71Milano 20133Italy

The novel coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is the third coronavirus outbreak in the last two *** and re-emerging infections like COVID-19 pose serious challenges of the paucity of information and lack of specific cure or *** leaves utilisation of existing scientific data on related viral infections and repurposing relevant aetiologic and supportive therapies as the best control approach while novel strategies are developed and *** promising antiviral agents including lopinavir,ritonavir,remdesivir,umifenovir,darunavir,and oseltamivir have been repurposed and are currently trialled for the care for COVID-19 *** therapies for the management of symptoms and to provide support especially in severe and critically ill patients have also been *** review provides an appraisal of the current evidence for the rational use of frontline therapeutics in the management of *** also includes updates regarding COVID-19 immunotherapy and vaccine development.

关键词： SAR-CoV-2 COVID-19 Respiratory Drug repurposing Antiviral Supportive therapy Immunotherapy

A Comparison of Quality of Life, Medication Side-Effect and Adherence among Schizophrenia Patients on Conventional versus Atypical Antipsychotics

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2023年第2期13卷 94-105页

作者： Fawaz Babandi Umar Musa Usman Zahraddeen garba Habib Desola Shakirat Owolabi mustapha Ibrahim Gudaji Aminu Abdullahi Taura Chikaodiri Nkeweurem Aghukwa Abubakar Sulaiman Baguda Auwalu Sani Salihu Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital Kano Nigeria Department of Psychiatry Bayero University Kano Nigeria

Quality of life (QoL) is becoming a widely accepted schizophrenia management outcome. But it is still not very clear if there are any significant differences between the conventional and atypical antipsychotics in terms of QoL improvement among people with schizophrenia (PWS). It is also imperative that antipsychotic drug-related factors, such as medication adherence and side-effect, which could directly or indirectly affect the QoL of PWS, are determined and compared among PWS on different classes of the drugs. Data were collected on Socio-demographic Characteristics, Quality of Life and Medication adherence using Socio-demographic and Schizophrenia Clinical Characteristics questionnaire, World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQoL)-Brief, and Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS) respectively from 250 respondents attending a tertiary health center’s Psychiatric clinic in Kano, Nigeria. Although PWS on the two classes of antipsychotic drugs showed inequalities in different aspects and domains of QoL, as well as in the levels of adherence and side-effects, the differences were all insignificant. However, presence of drug side effects was significantly associated with lower health-related QoL in the conventional antipsychotics group (p = 0.001), and lower score in the physical domain of QoL in the atypical antipsychotics group (p = 0.044). Medication adherence was found to be associated with better scores in different domains of QoL in both groups of PWS. There are no significant differences in terms of QoL, medication side-effect and adherence among PWS on the two classes of antipsychotics. However, drug side-effects and adherence were significantly and respectively associated with lower and higher scores in different domains of QoL in both groups.

关键词： Schizophrenia Antipsychotics Quality of Life Medication Adherence

A Prospective Study on the Incidence and Predictors of Postpartum Depression among Pregnant Women Attending an Antenatal Clinic in Kano, Northern Nigeria

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2023年第3期13卷 207-220页

作者： Asmaul Husna Abba Fawaz Babandi Umar Musa Usman Zahraddeen garba Habib Desola Shakirat Owolabi mustapha Ibrahim Gudaji Aminu Abdullahi Taura Chikaodiri Nkeweurem Aghukwa Abubakar Sulaiman Baguda Auwalu Sani Salihu Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital Kano Nigeria Department of Psychiatry Bayero University Kano Nigeria

Depressive disorder is a major contributor to years lived with disability (YLD) globally. It is estimated that 13% of all women experience the disorder in the first year postpartum. Postpartum depression (PPD) has significant implications to the physical and mental wellbeing of both the mother and her baby. Only non-depressed pregnant women (score of ≤ 6 on Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale) were recruited into this study. Data collection was done at 2 different stages;at recruitment stage (during the third trimester of pregnancy) and at the follow up stage (4th - 6th week postpartum). During the recruitment stage, intimate partner violence (IPV) and level of social support perception, among the women, were assessed using Hurt Insult Threaten Scream (HITS) and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) questionnaires respectively. While at the follow up stage, the Obstetric questionnaire and Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI-7) were used respectively to obtain obstetric-related data and to diagnose for occurrence of depression. The incidence of PPD was found to be 16.34%. Several factors such as level of education, husband’s socioeconomic status, stressful life events, low perception of social support, obstetric instrumentation and not having a baby of preferred gender were significantly associated with PPD. Positive predictors of PPD included not practicing breast feeding (OR = 186.72, 95% CI = 8.32 - 4188.35), family history of mental illness (OR = 4.95, 95% CI = 1.04 - 23.81) and pregnancy lasting beyond 40 weeks (OR = 7.26, 95% CI = 1.51 - 34.88). High incidence of PPD with numerous associated but largely modifiable risk factors call for more proactive measures, such as PPD screening among pregnant women.

关键词： Postpartum Depression Pregnant Women