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Invasion Possibility and Potential Effects of Rhus typhina on Beijing Municipality

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2008年第5期50卷 522-530页

作者： Guangmei Wang gaoming jiang Shunli Yu Yinghao Li Hui Liu State Key Laboratory of Vegetation Science and Environmental Changes Institute of Botany the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100093 China Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research for Sustainable Development the Chinese Academy of Sciences Yantai 264003 China Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

Rhus typhina, an alien species introduced from North America, was identified as a main afforestation species in Beijing municipality. However, its invasiveness is still at odds. To clarify this problem, we applied the North American Screening System and the Australian Screening System to preliminarily predict its invasion possibility. Both screening systems gave the same recommendation to ＂reject＂. The geographical distribution was surveyed, with the population features of R. typhina against the native plant communities being assessed. With anthropogenic assistance, R. typhina has been scattered on almost all habitats from downtown to mountains, including roadsides, farmlands and protected areas. As a clonal shrub, R. typhina possessed a high spreading rate, varying from 6.3 m/3 years at sterile habitats to 6.7 m/3 years at fertile ones. Significantly lower species richness, individual density and diversity were observed in the R. typhina community than those of the native Vitex negundo ***. heterophylla （Franch.） Rehd. community at both sterile and fertile habitats. Continual wide plantation of R. typhina may further foster its population expansion, which helps the species to overcome spatial isolation, The fact that each root fragment can develop into a new individual makes R. typhina very difficult to be eradicated once established. From a biological point of view, we believe that R. typhina is a plant invader in Beijing. We therefore suggest the government should remove the name of R. typhina from the main tree species list in afforesUng Beijing.

关键词： alien species Beijing ecological impact evaluation invasion Rhus typhina

High‑Speed Sirospun Conductive Yarn for Stretchable Embedded Knitted Circuit and Self‑Powered Wearable Device

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Advanced Fiber Materials 2023年第1期5卷 154-167页

作者： Li Niu Jin Wang Kai Wang Heng Pan gaoming jiang Chaoyu Chen Pibo Ma Engineering Research Center of Knitting Technology Ministry of EducationCollege of Textile Science and EngineeringJiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technologies Wuhan Textile UniversityWuhan 430200China

In the intelligent era,the textile technique is a high efficiency,mature and simple manufacturing solution capable of fabricat-ing fully flexible wearable ***,the external circuit with its integration and comfort limitations cannot satisfy the requirements of intelligent wearable and portable *** study presents an industrialized production method to fabricate core–shell structure conductive yarn for direct textile use,prepared by the high-speed sirospun *** integration and flexibility are significantly improved over previous *** sirospun conductive yarn(SSCY)and the intarsia technique can provide the SSCY seamless and convenient embedded knitted circuit(SSCY-EKC)to form a full textile electrical element as the channel of power and signals transmission,allowing for a stable resistance change and wide strain range for meeting practical *** based on the triboelectric nanogenerator(SSCY-TENG)can be designed as a caution carpet with attractive design and good washability for a self-powered sensor that recognizes human ***,intrinsic textile properties such as washability,softness,and comfort *** benefits such as excellent extension,fitting,and stretchability,the SSCY-EKC used herein can realize a fully flexible electrical textile with a high potential for physical detection,body gesture recognition,apparel fashion,and decoration.

关键词： Sirospun technique Embedded knitted circuit Intarsia technique Stretchable Wearable devices

Cadmium pollution enhanced ozone damage to winter wheat:biochemical and physiological evidences

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2011年第2期23卷 255-265页

作者： Yong Li Caihong Li Yanhai Zheng Guanglei Wu Tana Wuyun Hong Xu Xinhua He gaoming jiang State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100093 China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BeOing 100093 China State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology Shandong Agricultural University Tai'an 271018 China Forestry College Hebei Agricultural University Baoding 071001 China

Combined effects of ozone （O3） and cadmium （Cd） on growth and physiology of winter wheat （Triticum aestivum L. cv. JM22） were determined. Wheat plants were grown without or with Cd and exposed to charcoal-filtered air （〈 10 ppb O3） or elevated O3 （80 ＋ 5 ppb, 7 hr/day） for 20 days. Results showed that O3 considerably depressed light saturated net photosynthetic rate （-20%）, stomatal conductance （-33%）, chlorophyll content （-33%）, and total biomass （-29%） without Cd. The corresponding decreases were further enhanced by 45%, 56%, 60% and 59%, respectively with Cd, indicating a synergistic effect of O3 and Cd on wheat. Ozone significantly increased the activity of superoxide dismutase （46%）, catalase （48%） and peroxidase （56%）. However, great increases in malondialdehyde （MDA） content （2.55 folds） and intercellular CO2 concentration （1.13 folds） were noted in O3＋Cd treatment compared to control. Our findings demonstrated that the increased anti-oxidative activities in wheat plants exposed to O3＋Cd might not be enough to overcome the adverse effects of the combination of both pollutants as evidenced by further increase in MDA content, which is an important indicator of lipid peroxidation. Precise prediction model on O3 damages to crop should be conducted to ensure agricultural production security by considering environmental constraints in an agricultural system in peri-urban regions.

关键词： antioxidant activity cadmium plant growth ozone stress Triticum aestivum L

Characteristics of phosphorus chemistry and its geographical distribution in the Haihe River valley,North China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 1995年第1期7卷 12-23页

作者： jiang gaoming Huang Yinxiao Lin Shunhua Han Rongzhuang Gao Leiming (Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100044,China) China

ＣｈａｒａｃｔｅｒｉｓｔｉｃｓｏｆｐｈｏｓｐｈｏｒｕｓｃｈｅｍｉｓｔｒｙａｎｄｉｔｓｇｅｏｇｒａｐｈｉｃａｌｄｉｓｔｒｉｂｕｔｉｏｎｉｎｔｈｅＨａｉｈｅＲｉｖｅｒｖａｌｌｅｙ，ＮｏｒｔｈＣｈｉｎａＪｉａｎｇＧａｏｍｉ... 详细信息

ＣｈａｒａｃｔｅｒｉｓｔｉｃｓｏｆｐｈｏｓｐｈｏｒｕｓｃｈｅｍｉｓｔｒｙａｎｄｉｔｓｇｅｏｇｒａｐｈｉｃａｌｄｉｓｔｒｉｂｕｔｉｏｎｉｎｔｈｅＨａｉｈｅＲｉｖｅｒｖａｌｌｅｙ，ＮｏｒｔｈＣｈｉｎａＪｉａｎｇＧａｏｍｉｎｇ；ＨｕａｎｇＹｉｎｘｉａｏ；Ｌ...

关键词： phosphorus contents in plants geographical distribution Haihe River valley.

The Control of Sandstorms in Inner Mongolia

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Bulletin of the Chinese Academy of Sciences 2003年第2期17卷 107-115页

作者： jiang gaoming(CAS Institute of Botany) CAS Institute of Botany

I. Where Does the Material Basis of Sandstorms Come from? The community of researchers has not reached a consensus on this question [1,2].

关键词：内蒙古沙暴草原退化生态恶化风沙治理

Mitigating greenhouse gas of chemical fertilizer with farmland emissions through replacement organic manure in a temperate

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Science Bulletin 2015年第6期60卷 598-606,M0003页

作者： Haitao Liu Jing Li Xiao Li Yanhai Zheng Sufei Feng gaoming jiang State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093 China University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology College of AgronomyShandong Agricultural University Tai'an 271018 China

Burning crop residues and excessive use of chemical fertilizers results in an enormous waste of bio- logical resources, which further weakens the potential capacity of the agro-ecosystem as a carbon sink. To explore the potential of farmlands acting as a carbon sink without yield losses, we conducted an experiment on a temperate eco-farm in eastern rural China. Crop residues were applied to cattle feed, and the composted cattle manure was returned to cropland with a winter wheat and maize rotation. Four different proportions of fertilizers were designed： 100 % cattle manure, 100 % mineral nitrogen, 75 % cattle manure plus 25 % mineral nitrogen, and 50 % cattle manure plus 50 % mineral nitrogen. Crop yield and greenhouse gas （GHG） emissions were carefully calculated according to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change （IPCC） Guidelines for National Green- house Gas Inventories 2006. Our results showed that replacing chemical fertilizer with organic manure signifi- cantly decreased the emission of GHGs. Yields of wheat and corn also increased as the soil fertility was improved by the application of cattle manure. Totally replacing chemical fertilizer with organic manure decreased GHG emissions, which reversed the agriculture ecosystem from a carbon source （＋2.7 t CO_2-eq. hm-2 year-1） to a carbon sink （-8.8 t CO_2-eq. hm^-2 year^-1）. Our findings provide useful insights for improving agricultural ecosystems under global change scenarios.

关键词： Crop residue Chemical fertilizer Cattle manure Crop yield Greenhouse gasemissions Climate change

多轴向经编曲面复合材料汽车门低速碰撞数值模拟

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纺织学报 2018年第2期39卷 43-48页

作者：高哲蒋高明江南大学教育部针织技术工程研究中心江苏无锡214122 江南大学-德克萨斯大学新型针织结构材料国际联合实验室江苏无锡214122

为探究多轴向经编曲面复合材料汽车壳体的抗冲击性能,采用有限元方法对多轴向经编曲面复合材料乘用车车门的低速碰撞性能进行了模拟分析。通过对多轴向曲面复合材料车门与传统SAPH440钢车门进行建模、低速碰撞数值模拟,对比分析了二者... 详细信息

为探究多轴向经编曲面复合材料汽车壳体的抗冲击性能,采用有限元方法对多轴向经编曲面复合材料乘用车车门的低速碰撞性能进行了模拟分析。通过对多轴向曲面复合材料车门与传统SAPH440钢车门进行建模、低速碰撞数值模拟,对比分析了二者在应力分布、车门侵入量、侵入速度和车门内能等多个角度的性能差异,并从保护车内成员安全和轻量化等方面进行探讨。研究表明:与传统钢材料车门相比,多轴向经编曲面复合材料车门在受到低速碰撞时变形更小,能量吸收性能更强,在一定程度上加强了对车内人员的保护;另外,该材料的应用使车身大幅减重,实现乘用车的轻量化。

关键词：多轴向经编织物曲面复合材料抗冲击性能轻量化

基于纱线纹理的横编线圈快速仿真与计算机实现

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纺织学报 2016年第2期37卷 119-124页

作者：卢致文蒋高明江南大学教育部针织技术工程研究中心江苏无锡214122

为建立适用于横编针织物CAD快速设计的真实感较强的线圈图元,对线圈模型以及线圈表面纹理变化等进行研究,建立了从平直纱线向弯曲线圈变形的纹理变化模型,形成线圈的真实感纹理,并在此基础上结合光照变化对线圈真实感进行优化。结合理... 详细信息

为建立适用于横编针织物CAD快速设计的真实感较强的线圈图元,对线圈模型以及线圈表面纹理变化等进行研究,建立了从平直纱线向弯曲线圈变形的纹理变化模型,形成线圈的真实感纹理,并在此基础上结合光照变化对线圈真实感进行优化。结合理论算法研究开发了计算机实现程序,并实现了不同纱线的线圈纹理模拟,验证了本算法的可行性,为开发基于线圈结构的针织物CAD快速设计提供了真实感较强,且纱线原料可调的线圈图元模拟方法,对于针织物仿真具有一定理论参考价值。

关键词：横编纱线纹理快速仿真线圈图元

纬编针织物三维模拟技术的研究现状与发展趋势

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纺织学报 2016年第11期37卷 166-172页

作者：沙莎蒋高明江南大学教育部针织技术工程研究中心江苏无锡214122

通过系统地介绍纬编针织物三维模拟技术和其发展历史,详细分析了纬编针织物三维模拟技术面临的挑战、近期的研究热点和未来的发展方向,以期为针织物三维模拟技术的发展提供一定的依据。从线圈模型、纱线真实感和织物物理模型3个方面阐... 详细信息

通过系统地介绍纬编针织物三维模拟技术和其发展历史,详细分析了纬编针织物三维模拟技术面临的挑战、近期的研究热点和未来的发展方向,以期为针织物三维模拟技术的发展提供一定的依据。从线圈模型、纱线真实感和织物物理模型3个方面阐述了纬编针织物三维模拟技术的研究历程。分析了国内外学者多年的研究与探索,以及三维模拟技术从单纯的静态模拟发展到拥有物理属性的动态模拟的过程;总结了三维模拟技术现有成果的优势和不足,在此基础上,分析认为该技术在未来会朝着模拟方法物理化、线圈类型多元化和应用范围多样化3个方向发展。

关键词：纬编针织物三维模拟物理属性动态模拟发展趋势