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Temporal Distribution of Total Column Ozone over Cochin—A Study Based on in Situ Measurements and ECMWF Reanalysis

Open Journal of Marine Science 2016年第2期6卷 200-209页

作者： Vazhathottathil Madhu karthika gangadharan Department of Atmospheric Sciences School of Marine Sciences Cochin University of Science and Technology Cochin India

The variability of Atmospheric ozone is very important to understand the radiative balance of the earth-atmospheric system and climate change. In order to understand the temporal variability of total column ozone (TCO) over the coastal station Cochin (9.95°N, 76.27°E), we used the ECMWF (European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts) reanalysis TCO and ground based measurements using Microtop II Sun Photometer (Ozonometer). The trend, seasonal changes and diurnal variation of ozone concentration have been studied in detail for the period 1981-2014. Cochin is a tropical coastal station with tropical monsoon climate and hence we examined the variability of TCO during pre-monsoon (March-May), monsoon (June-September) and post monsoon (October-December) seasons. Significant variations are noted in the TCO for the different seasons during the period of study. Based on the measurements and analysis, it is observed that TCO is maximum during monsoon and minimum during pre- and post-monsoon. We computed the TCO climatology for pre-monsoon (262.0 DU), monsoon (275 DU) and post-monsoon (253 DU) seasons and found that TCO shows a decadal trend (solar cycle). During monsoon season TCO varies with an increase of approximately 14 DU from the pre-monsoon value and a decrease of 22 DU from the post-monsoon value. The increase in TCO concentration during monsoon may be attributed to the monsoonal wind circulations and organized convection. The validation of ECMWF TCO with in situ measurements using Microtop II Ozonometer has been carried out for the year 2015 and found that the values are positively correlated. The diurnal variability of TCO was examined for vernal and autumnal equinox days and noticed the change in variability.

关键词： Total Column Ozone (TCO) Solar Cycle Seasonal Variability Quasi-Biennial Oscillation

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A Comparative Study of Intra-Seasonal Variability of Total Column Ozone Measured over the Tropical Maritime and Coastal Stations Using Microtop II Ozonometer

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2018年第3期9卷 175-193页

作者： Vazhathottathil Madhu gangadharan karthika Department of Atmospheric Sciences Cochin University of Science and Technology (CUSAT) Cochin India

The study of temporal and spatial distribution of ozone is very important for understanding the atmospheric chemistry and thereby its impact on environment, weather and climate. The intra-seasonal variability plays a major role in the inter-annual variability of weather parameters such as rainfall, temperature, pressure and atmospheric trace gas constituents such as atmospheric ozone. The strength of monsoon circulation and deep convection greatly modifies the atmospheric compositions and meteorological parameters such as rainfall amount, distributions of atmospheric trace gas concentrations and other weather parameters over the summer monsoon region. The daily total column ozone (TCO) measured over maritime station (Lakshadweep Island— 10°10'N & 73°30'E) and coastal station (Cochin—9°55'N and 76°16'E) using Microtop II Ozonometer were considered for the comparative study of seasonal and intra-seasonal variability for the year 2015. The annual average of total column ozone over Lakshadweep Islands and Cochin was 290 DU and 280 DU respectively for the year 2015. The greater concentrations in daily TCO measurements over Lakshadweep Islands for all seasons compared to Cochin lead to the speculations that, the surface ozone concentration is more because of pollution from the diesel burning emissions, since the whole Island’s population completely depends on diesel generator for the power supply. During winter season maritime station shows a decrease of ~30 DU in TCO over Lak-shadweep Island compared to coastal station Cochin (~18 DU) from the annual mean in the month of December. During pre-monsoon season TCO concentration is high over both locations. There is gradual increase of TCO concentration over Cochin from pre-monsoon to monsoon season and peak in the month of September, but decreasing TCO concentrations measured over Lakshadweep during July to August. In the analysis it was found that Intra-Seasonal Variability (ISV) in total column ozone over Lakshadweep Islan

关键词： Total Column Ozone (TCO) Intra-Seasonal Variability Air Pollution Madden Julian Oscillation and South West Monsoon

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Quantum Chemical Calculations on 4-[2-(Tert-Butylamino)-1-Hydroxyethyl]-2-(Hydroxymethyl)Phenol by Density Functional Theory

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光谱学与光谱分析 2018年第11期38卷 3631-3637页

作者： Rubarani P gangadharan S Sampath Krishnan Department of Physics Rajalakshmi Engineering CollegeThandalamChennai 602105India Department of Applied Physics Sri Venkateswara College of EngineeringChennai 602117India

Density functional theory(DFT)calculations have been carried out for the compound 4-[2-(tert-butylamino)-1-hydroxyethyl]-2-hydroxymethyl)phenol(4 BAHEHMP)by using the B3 LYP method at the 6-311++G(d,p)basis set *** electric dipole moment(μ)and the first hyperpolarizability(α)values of the investigated molecule were *** and partial density of state(TDOS and PDOS)and also overlap population density of state(COOP or OPDOS)diagrams analysis were *** and LUMO energies confirm that charge transfer occurs within the *** addition Molecular Electrostatic Potential(MEP),Natural Bond Orbital analysis(NBO)and Non-Linear Optical(NLO)properties are studied.

关键词： DFT NBO Density of states

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A novel approach to investigate effect of magnetic field on dynamic properties of natural rubber based isotropic thick magnetorheological elastomers in shear mode

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Journal of Central South University 2015年第7期22卷 2612-2619页

作者： Sriharsha Hegde Katari Kiran K V gangadharan Department of Mechanical Engineering National Institute of Technology

The preparation of natural rubber based isotropic thick magnetorheological elastomers(MRE) was focused on by varying the percentage volume concentration of carbonyl iron powder and developing a test set up to test the dynamic properties. Effect of magnetic field on the damping ratio was studied on the amplification region of the transmissibility curve. The viscoelastic dynamic damping nature of the elastomer was also studied by analyzing the force-displacement hysteresis graphs. The results show that MR effect increases with the increase in magnetic field as well as carbonyl iron powder particle concentration. It is observed that softer matrix material produces more MR effect. A maximum of 125% improvement in the loss factor is observed for the MRE with 25% carbonyl iron volume concentration. FEMM simulation shows that as carbonyl iron particle distribution becomes denser, MR effect is improved. FEMM analysis also reveals that if the distance between the adjacent iron particles are reduced from 20 μm to 10 μm, a 40% increase in stored energy is observed.

关键词： magnetorheological elastomer natural rubber carbonyl iron powder(CIP) dynamic analysis

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Diabetes and COVID-19:Role of insulin resistance as a risk factor for COVID-19 severity

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World Journal of Diabetes 2021年第9期12卷 1550-1562页

作者： Charitha gangadharan Rupa Ahluwalia Alben Sigamani Department of Clinical Research Narayana Hrudayalaya LimitedBangalore 560099KarnatakaIndia Consultant in Diabetes and Endocrinology Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustNorwich NR47UYUnited Kingdom Chief Scientific Officer Numen HealthBangalore 560095KarnatakaIndia

Patients with diabetes are more susceptible to coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),and as a consequence,develop more severe form of *** is partly due to a systemic inflammatory state and pro thrombotic milieu seen in metabolic *** this review,we attempt to explore the pathogenetic links between insulin resistance and COVID-19 disease *** resistance is an underlying condition for metabolic syndromes,including type 2 diabetes,which impairs insulin signaling pathways affecting metabolic and cardiovascular homeostasis.A high concentration of circulating insulin shifts the balance to mitogen activated protein kinase(MAPK)-dependent signaling and causes endothelial cell *** phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase and MAPK dependent signaling pathways maintain a balance between nitric oxide-dependent vasodilator and endothelin-1 dependent vasoconstriction actions of *** smooth muscle cell dysfunction is responsible for inflammation and blood coagulation leading to microvascular and macrovascular complications in *** in renin-angiotensin system is implicated in development of islet oxidative stress and subsequentβ-cell dysfunction,as it alters the islet blood *** deleterious effects of insulin resistance involving altered blood pressure,vascular dysfunction,and inflammation could be associated with increased severity in COVID-19 *** conclude that clinical and/or biochemical markers of insulin resistance should be included as prognostic markers in assessment of acute COVID-19 disease.

关键词： Insulin resistance Renin-angiotensin system Blood flow measurements Inflammation Thrombosis Severity of COVID-19

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Effect of methoxychlor on antioxidant system of goat epididymal sperm in vitro

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2001年第4期3卷 285-288页

作者： Bindu gangadharan M.Arul Murugan P.P.Mathur School of Life Sciences Pondicherry University Pondicherry 605 014 IndiaSchool of Life Sciences Pondicherry University Pondicherry 605 014 IndiaSchool of Life Sciences Pondicherry University Pondicherry 605 014 India

Aim: To evaluate the effect of methoxychlor on the antioxidant system of goat epididymal sperm. Methods:Epididymis of adult goat was obtained from local slaughter houses and sperm were collected by chopping the epididymisin modified Ringer's phosphate solution (RPS). After several washings, the sperm samples were dispersed in RPS andincubated with methoxychlor (1μmol/L, 10μmol/L and 100μmol/L) and methoxychlor + vitamin C (100μmol/Leach) for 3 h at 32℃. After incubation, the sperm motility and viability were assessed. An aliquot of sperm samplewas homogenized, centrifuged and used for the assay of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione re-ductase and lipid peroxidation. Results; In methoxychlor-incubated sperm and in sperm co-incubated with methoxy-chlor and vitamin C, the sperm motility and viability showed no significant changes as compared to the correspondingcontrols. In methoxychlor-incubated sperm the activity of superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase and glutathioneperoxidase were decreased while lipid peroxidation was increased in a dose-dependent manner. Co-incubation of spermwith methoxychlor and vitamin C showed no changes in the activity of superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase andglutathione peroxidase and in the level of lipid peroxidation. Conclusion; Methoxychlor induced oxidative stress inepididymal sperm of goats by decreasing the levels of antioxidant enzymes. Co-incubation of sperm with methoxychlorand vitamin C, a natural antioxidant, reversed the effect of methoxychlor. (Asian J Androl 2001 Dec; 3; 285 - 288)

关键词： methoxychlor vitamin C epididymis spermatozoa antioxidants reactive oxygen species goats

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Recent advancements in plasmon-enhanced visible light-driven water splitting

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Journal of Materiomics 2017年第1期3卷 33-50页

作者： Qingzhe Zhang Deepak Thrithamarassery gangadharan Yanlong Liu Zhenhe Xu Mohamed Chaker Dongling Ma Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique(INRS) CentreÉnergie Materiaux et TélécommunicationsUniversitédu Québec1650 Boulevard Lionel-BouletVarennesQuébecJ3X 1S2Canada The Key Laboratory of Inorganic Molecule-Based Chemistry of Liaoning Province College of Applied ChemistryShenyang University of Chemical TechnologyShenyang110142China

Recently,the combination of plasmonic noble metallic nanostructures with semiconductors for plasmonenhanced visible light-driven water splitting(WS)has attracted considerable *** review first presents three prime enhancement mechanisms for plasmon-enhanced photocatalytic WS,and then some state-of-the-art representative studies are introduced according to different enhancement ***,the design parameters of plasmonic-metal/semiconductor photocatalysts are discussed in detail,focusing on the effect of shape,size and geometric position of metallic nanostructures on the photocatalytic activity of visible light-driven ***,the challenges and perspectives for plasmon-enhanced solar WS are proposed.

关键词： Surface plasmon resonance Water splitting Visible light photocatalysis

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Incidence of ocular manifestations in patients with graft versus host disease after allogeneic stem cell transplant in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2022年第7期15卷 1149-1156页

作者： Tariq Aldebasi Rabia Bashir Shiji gangadharan Naila AShaheen Basil Alhussain Tariq Almudhaiyan Bader Alahmari Department of Ophthalmology King Abdulaziz Medical CityNational Guard Health AffairsRiyadh 11426Saudi Arabia King Abdullah International Medical Research Center(KAIMRC) Riyadh 11426Saudi Arabia King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences Riyadh 11426Saudi Arabia Divisions of Adult Hematology and SCT King Abdulaziz Medical CityNational Guard Health AffairsRiyadh 11426Saudi Arabia

AIM: To evaluate the incidence and severity of ocular graft versus host disease(o GVHD) in patients who underwent allogeneic stem cell transplant(SCT) in King Abdul-Aziz Medical City, Saudi ***: This is a retrospective cohort study conducted in King Abdul Aziz Medical City on patients who underwent allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant(allo-HCT) from 2010 to 2017. The ocular examination findings including visual acuity, meibomian gland dysfunction, corneal and conjunctival staining with severity, corneal scarring, tear film meniscus and breakup time, anterior and posterior segment examination findings, intraocular pressure, treatment given, punctual plugs used or not, and follow up response were ***: The five years cumulative incidence of o GVHD among post-transplant patients was 56.98%(95%CI 38.6%-71.7%). The potential risk factors assessed for developing ocular manifestation were age, gender, donor’s age, donor gender mismatch CD3 and CD34 infusion, while none of the correlates were identified as statistically significant risk factors of developing ocular manifestation. However, the incidence was statistically significantly different betweenpatients diagnosed with acute myelocytic leukemia and acute lymphocytic leukemia(P=0.038). The mean latent period to develop ocular symptoms was 20.5 mo. All patients had variable degree of dry eyes. None of the patients developed any posterior segment ***: The incidence of o GVHD is low in King Abdul-Aziz Medical City. This can be attributed to the preconditioning and immunosuppressive regime.

关键词： graft versus host disease allogenic stem cell transplant dry eye

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Natural Bond Orbital(NBO)Population Analysis,First Order Hyperpolarizabilities and Thermodynamic Properties of Cyclohexanone

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光谱学与光谱分析 2015年第6期35卷 1506-1511页

作者： Rubarani P.gangadharan S.Sampath Krishnan Department of Physics Rajalakshmi Engineering College Department of Applied Physics Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering

The molecular structure of cyclohexanone was calculated by the B3LYP density functional model with 6-31G(d,p)and 6-311++G(d,p)basis set by Gaussian *** results from natural bond orbital(NBO)analysis have been analyzed in terms of the hybridization of atoms and the electronic structure of the title *** electron density based local reactivity descriptors such as Fukui functions were *** dipole moment(μ)and polarizability(α),anisotropy polarizability(Δα)and first order hyperpolarizability(βtot)of the molecule have been *** properties of the title compound were calculated at different temperatures.

关键词： Density functional theory(DFT) Natural Bond Orbital(NBO)Analysis Hyperpolarizability

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A Subclass of Harmonic Functions Associated with Wright’s Hypergeometric Functions

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Applied Mathematics 2010年第2期1卷 87-93页

作者： gangadharan Murugusundaramoorthy Kalliyapan Vijaya 不详

We introduce a new class of complex valued harmonic functions associated with Wright hypergeometric functions which are orientation preserving and univalent in the open unit disc. Further we define, Wright generalized operator on harmonic function and investigate the coefficient bounds, distortion inequalities and extreme points for this generalized class of functions.

关键词： Harmonic Univalent Starlike Functions Harmonic Convex Functions Wright Hypergeometric Functions Raina-Dziok Operator Distortion Bounds Extreme Points

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