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Aero-structural design of joined-wing aircraft based on high-fidelity model

Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第4期37卷 363-377页

作者： Cheng HE Fengjiang ZHAN Luchuang ma gang CHEN Jianying ma Unmanned Air Vehicle Research Institute Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016China Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Small and Medium-sized UAV Ministry of Industry and Information TechnologyNanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016China Aerospace System Engineering Shanghai Shanghai 201108China

The joined-wing configuration reduces induced drag and structural weight by connecting the rear wing to the front wing.In addition,the rear wing can replace the role of the horizontal tail of a conventional aircraft,thus eliminating the aerodynamic drag and weight associated with the horizontal tail.This particular shape creates a highly coupled relationship between aerodynamics and structure,which must be fully considered during the overall design process to enhance aircraft performance.In this research,an aero-structural design model of the joined-wing aircraft is constructed based on high-fidelity computational fluid dynamics and structural finite element methods.The model is able to obtain accurate aerodynamic loads for the non-planar wing and to simulate the statically indeterminate structure of the closed wing configuration.The influence of the joined-wing shape parameters on the aerodynamic and structural disciplines,as well as the influence of geometric nonlinear characteristics,deformation constraints and buckling constraints on the structural weight are all taken into consideration.The model is applied to complete the aero-structural design optimization of a high-altitude long-endurance joined-wing aircraft,and wind tunnel tests are conducted.The test results verify the credibility of the design model proposed and the validity of the design environment.

关键词： Joined-wing configuration Aircraft design Aero-structural design Finite element Wind tunnel test

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Electromagnetic fields in ultra-peripheral relativistic heavy-ion collisions

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第2期35卷 103-109页

作者： Jie Zhao Jin-Hui Chen Xu-Guang Huang Yu-gang ma Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion-beam Application(MOE) Institute of Modern PhysicsFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Shanghai Research Center for Theoretical Nuclear Physics NSFC and Fudan UniversityShanghai 200438China Physics Department and Center for Particle Physics and Field Theory Fudan UniversityShanghai 200438China

Ultra-peripheral heavy-ion collisions(UPCs)offer unique opportunities to study processes under strong electromagnetic fields.In these collisions,highly charged fast-moving ions carry strong electromagnetic fields that can be effectively treated as photon fluxes.The exchange of photons can induce photonuclear and two-photon interactions and excite ions.This excitation of the ions results in Coulomb dissociation with the emission of photons,neutrons,and other particles.Additionally,the electromagnetic fields generated by the ions can be sufficiently strong to enforce mutual interactions between the two colliding ions.Consequently,the two colliding ions experience an electromagnetic force that pushes them in opposite directions,causing a back-to-back correlation in the emitted neutrons.Using a Monte Carlo simulation,we qualitatively demonstrate that the above electromagnetic effect is large enough to be observed in UPCs,which would provide a clear means to study strong electromagnetic fields and their effects.

关键词： Electromagnetic fields Neutrons Ultra-peripheral relativistic heavy-ion collisions(UPC)

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Characteristics of Particulate matter Emissions for Low-Sulfur Heavy Oil Used in Low-Speed Two-Stroke Diesel Engines of Ocean-Going Ships

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第2期33卷 739-750页

作者： WU gang ma Qianli WEI Lijiang JIANG Guohe WANG Tengfei LI Tie Merchant marine College Shanghai Maritime UniversityShanghai201306China State Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240China

In this work,particulate matter(PM) emissions from a large two-stroke,low-speed marine diesel engine were investigated when the engine was operated with low-sulfur heavy fuel oil(HFO) at various loads.Particle samples were collected in situ from the engine exhaust to determine the detailed physical and chemical properties.The nanostructure and morphology of the nanoparticles were analyzed using transmission electron microscopy images(TEM).The results show that volatile organic carbon(OC) accounts for more than 80% in the HFO particles and leads to an increase in particle size.The thermodynamic conditions of a low-speed engine favor the behavior of capturing the soluble organic components.A large number of spherical char HFO particles with aerodynamic diameters of 0.2 μm-0.5 μm and a suspected inner metal core were detected.The two peak aerodynamic diameters of the HFO nanoparticles are 15 nm and 86 nm.The morphological differences among the HFO nanoparticles in varied engine conditions represent the formation process from primary nascent particles to mature graphitized particles caused by thermodynamics.The above study will be valuable for understanding the characteristics of PM emissions from low-sulfur HFO to achieve the ship PM emissions reduction target.

关键词： low-speed diesel engine maritime regulations heavy fuel oil TEM particles size and distribution

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Regulating the Electron-Deficient Component in A-DA1D-A Typed Small-Molecule Acceptors for High-Performance Organic Solar Cells

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第6期42卷 623-630页

作者： Weifei Wei Ruijie ma Zhanxiang Chen Tongle Xu gang Li Zhenghui Luo Shenzhen Key Laboratory of New Information Display and Storage materials College of Materials Science and EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhenGuangdong518060 China Department of Electronic and Information Engineering Research Institute for Smart Energy (RISE)The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong999077 China

Fine-tuning of the electron-deficient unit in A-DA1D-A typed small-molecule acceptors (Smas) plays a crucial role in developing efficient Smas for organic solar cells (OSCs).Here,we developed a Sma based on benzo[4,5]thieno[2,3-b]quinoxaline,designated as QW1,as well as three Smas based on 1-methylindoline-2,3-dione,identified as QW2,QW3,and QW4.Compared with QW2,QW1 displays slightly blue-shifted absorption spectra and a lower LUMO energy level due to the stronger electron-withdrawing capability of BTQx in contrast to MDO.On the other hand,the introduction of a bromine atom in QW3 and QW4 causes a blue shift in absorption and a reduction in the LUMO energy level compared to QW2.Density functional theory analysis reveals that QW1 exhibits the best molecular planarity,which endows QW1 with larger electron mobility and tighter molecular stacking.Consequently,PM6:QW1 device affords a better efficiency of 15.63% than those of the devices based on QW2 (14.25%),QW3 (13.21%) and QW4 (15.03%).Moreover,the QW4-based device yields the highest open-circuit voltage of 0.933 V,and the PM6:L8-BO:QW4 ternary device realizes a PCE of 19.03%.Overall,our work demonstrates that regulation of electron-deficient central units is an effective strategy to improve the photovoltaic performance of the resulting A-DA1D-A Smas.

关键词： Organic solar cells Small-molecule acceptor Electron-deficient unit Energy conversion efficiency Renewable resources π-πstacking Green chemistry

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Species’ geographical range, environmental range and traits lead to specimen collection preference of dominant plant species of grasslands in Northern China

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Plant Diversity 2024年第3期46卷 353-361页

作者： Jingya Zhang Cui Xiao Xiaoyu Duan Xin Gao Hao Zeng Rong'an Dong gang Feng Keping ma Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Ecology and Resource Use of the Mongolian Plateau&Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecology School of Ecology and EnvironmentInner Mongolia UniversityHohhot 010021China State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China

many different factors,such as species traits,socio-economic factors,geographical and environmental factors,can lead to specimen collection preference.This study aims to determine whether grassland specimen collection in China is preferred by species traits(i.e.,plant height,flowering and fruiting period),environmental range(i.e.,the temperature and precipitation range)and geographical range(i.e.,distribution range and altitudinal range).Ordinary least squares models and phylogenetic generalized linear mixed models were used to analyze the relationships between specimen number and the explanatory variables.Random Forest models were then used to find the most parsimonious multivariate model.The results showed that interannual variation in specimen number between 1900 and 2020 was considerable.Specimen number of these species in southeast China was notably lower than that in northwest China.Environmental range and geographical range of species had significant positive correlations with specimen number.In addition,there were relatively weak but significant associations between specimen number and species trait(i.e.,plant height and flowering and fruiting period).Random Forest models indicated that distribution range was the most important variable,followed by flowering and fruiting period,and altitudinal range.These findings suggest that future floristic surveys should pay more attention to species with small geographical range,narrow environmental range,short plant height,and short flowering and fruiting period.The correction of specimen collection preference will also make the results of species distribution model,species evolution and other works based on specimen data more accurate.

关键词： Biological specimen Collection preference Dominant plant species Environmental range Geographical range Species traits

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Diagnosis and treatment experience of atypical hepatic cystic echinococcosis type 1 at a tertiary center in China

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第5期30卷 462-470页

作者： Yu-Peng Li Jie Zhang Zhi-De Li Chao ma Guang-Lei Tian Yuan Meng Xiong Chen Zhi-gang ma Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous RegionUrumqi 830000Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous RegionChina

BACKGROUND Some hydatid cysts of cystic echinococcosis type 1(CE1)lack well-defined cyst walls or distinctive endocysts,making them difficult to differentiate from simple hepatic cysts.AIM To investigate the diagnostic methods for atypical hepatic CE1 and the clinical efficacy of laparoscopic surgeries.METHODS The clinical data of 93 patients who had a history of visiting endemic areas of CE and were diagnosed with cystic liver lesions for the first time at the People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(China)from January 2018 to September 2023 were retrospectively analyzed.Clinical diagnoses were made based on findings from serum immunoglobulin tests for echinococcosis,routine abdominal ultrasound,high-frequency ultrasound,abdominal computed tomography(CT)scan,and laparoscopy.Subsequent to the treatments,these patients underwent reexaminations at the outpatient clinic until October 2023.The evaluations included the diagnostic precision of diverse examinations,the efficacy of surgical approaches,and the incidence of CE recurrence.RESULTS All 93 patients were diagnosed with simple hepatic cysts by conventional abdominal ultrasound and abdominal CT scan.Among them,16 patients were preoperatively diagnosed with atypical CE1,and 77 were diagnosed with simple hepatic cysts by high-frequency ultrasound.All the 16 patients preoperatively diagnosed with atypical CE1 underwent laparoscopy,of whom 14 patients were intraoperatively confirmed to have CE1,which was consistent with the postoperative pathological diagnosis,one patient was diagnosed with a mesothelial cyst of the liver,and the other was diagnosed with a hepatic cyst combined with local infection.Among the 77 patients who were preoperatively diagnosed with simple hepatic cysts,4 received aspiration sclerotherapy of hepatic cysts,and 19 received laparoscopic fenestration.These patients were intraoperatively diagnosed with simple hepatic cysts.During the followup period,none of the 14 patients with CE1 experienced recurrence or implantation of hydatid sc

关键词： Hepatic echinococcosis Hepatic cystic echinococcosis type 1 Hepatic cyst Color Doppler ultrasound Laparoscopy

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Composite laminar membranes for electricity generation from water evaporation

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Nano Research 2024年第1期17卷 307-311页

作者： Xiao Wang gang Yuan Han Zhou Yu Jiang Shuo Wang Jiaojiao ma Chongyang Yang Sheng Hu State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials(iChEM)College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy materials of Fujian Province(IKKEM) Xiamen 361005China Pen-Tung Sah Institute of Micro-Nano Science and Technology Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China

Harvesting clean energy from water evaporation has been extensively investigated due to its sustainability.To achieve high efficiency,energy conversion materials should contain multiple features which are difficult to be simultaneously obtained from single-component materials.Here we use composite laminar membranes assembled by nanosheets of graphene oxide and mica,and find a sustained power density induced by water evaporation that is two orders of magnitude larger than that from membranes made by either of the components.The power output is attributed to selective proton transport driven by water evaporation through the interlayer nanochannels in the membranes.This process relies on the synergistic effects from negatively charged and hydrophilic mica surfaces that are important for proton selectivity and water transport,and the tunable electrical conductivity of graphene oxide that provides optimized internal resistance.The demonstrated composite membranes offer a strategy of enhancing power generation by combining the advantages from each of their components.

关键词： graphene oxide mica water evaporation electrical double layer surface charge ion selectivity

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A multi-omics technology to the study of lactic acid bacteria responses to environmental stress: the past， current and future trends

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Yaqi Liu Wen ma gang Jin Wine Research Institute Ningxia University Engineering Research Center of Grape and Wine Ministry of Education

Lactic acid bacteria and the fermentation environment interact to form an intertwined system. Lactic acid bacteria are constantly evolving to adapt to different fermentation environments， causing changes in their physiological processes. To achieve a targeted improvement of their adaptability to various environments， a detail analysis of their evolutionary physiological processes is required. While several studies have been carried out in the past by using single-omics techniques to investigate their response to environmental stress， most researchers are now using a multi-omics approach to explore more detail in the biological regulatory networks and molecular mechanisms of lactic acid bacteria in response to environmental stress， thereby overcoming the limitations of single- omics analysis. Scope and approach: In this review， we describe the various single-omics approaches that have been used to study environmental stress in lactic acid bacteria， present the advantages of various multi-omics combined analysis approaches， and discuss the potential and practicality of applying emerging single-cell transcriptomics and single-cell metabolomics techniques to the molecular mechanism study of microbes response to environmental stress. Key ?ndings and conclusions: Multi-omics approaches enable the accurate identification of complex microbial physiological processes in different environments， allow people to comprehensively reveal the molecular mechanisms of microbes response to stress from different perspectives. Single-cell omics techniques， analyze the targeted regulation of microbial functions in a multi-dimensional space， provides a new perspective on understanding microbes responses environment stress.

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Vacancy defect MoSeTe embedded in N and F co-doped carbon skeleton for high performance sodium ion batteries and hybrid capacitors

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第3期90卷 652-664,I0014页

作者： Dehui Yang Wentao Guo Fei Guo Jiaming Zhu gang Wang Hui Wang Guanghui Yuan Shenghua ma Beibei Wang State Key Laboratory of Photon-Technology in Western China Energy International Collaborative Center on Photoelectric Technology and Nano Functional MaterialsInstitute of Photonics&Photon-TechnologyNorthwest UniversityXi’an 710127ShannxiChina Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry(Ministry of Education) College of Chemistry&Materials ScienceNorthwest UniversityXi’an 710127ShannxiChina School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Ankang Research Centre of New Nano-materials Science and TechnologyShaanxi University Innovation Research Institute of Advanced Energy Storage Materials and Battery Technology for Future IndustrializationAnkang UniversityAnkang 725000ShannxiChina

Sodium-ion batteries(SIBs) and hybrid capacitors(SIHCs) have garnered significant attention in energy storage due to their inherent advantages,including high energy density,cost-effectiveness,and enhanced safety.However,developing high-performance anode materials to improve sodium storage performa nce still remains a major challenge.Here,a facile one-pot method has been developed to fabricate a hybrid of MoSeTe nanosheets implanted within the N,F co-doped honeycomb carbon skeleton(MoSeTe/N,F@C).Experimental results demonstrate that the incorporation of large-sized Te atoms into MoSeTe nanosheets enlarges the layer spacing and creates abundant anion vacancies,which effectively facilitate the insertion/extraction of Na^(+) and provide numerous ion adsorption sites for rapid surface capacitive behavior.Additionally,the heteroatoms N,F co-doped honeycomb carbon skeleton with a highly conductive network can restrain the volume expansion and boost reaction kinetics within the electrode.As anticipated,the MoSeTe/N,F@C anode exhibits high reversible capacities along with exceptional cycle stability.When coupled with Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)@C(NVPF@C) to form SIB full cells,the anode delivers a reversible specific capacity of 126 ma h g^(-1) after 100 cycles at 0.1 A g^(-1).Furthermore,when combined with AC to form SIHC full cells,the anode demonstrates excellent cycling stability with a reversible specific capacity of50 ma h g^(-1) keeping over 3700 cycles at 1.0 A g^(-1).In situ XRD,ex situ TEM characterization,and theoretical calculations(DFT) further confirm the reversibility of sodium storage in MoSeTe/N,F@C anode materials during electrochemical reactions,highlighting their potential for widespread practical application.This work provides new insights into the promising utilization of advanced transition metal dichalcogenides as anode materials for Na^(+)-based energy storage devices.

关键词： MoSeTe N F co-doped honeycomb carbon skeleton Sodium-ion batteries Sodium-ion hybrid capacitor

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Förster resonance energy transfer reveals phillygenin and swertiamarin concurrently target AKT on different binding domains to increase the anti-inflammatory effect

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第5期35卷 207-212页

作者： Xiaoyao ma Jinling Zhang Ge Fang He Gao Jie Gao Li Fu Yuanyuan Hou gang Bai State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug ResearchNankai UniversityTianjin 300000China College of Life Health Dalian UniversityDalian 116622China Dalian Fusheng Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.Dalian 116000China

The clinical benefit of combination therapy is significant,but it is not easy to define the mechanism of complexity and diversity.Previous studies illustrate that phillygenin(Phi)binds in the allosteric inhibit pocket of protein kinase B(AKT),and swertiamarin(Swe)acts on the pleckstrin homology(PH)domain of AKT.However,the combined synergistic effect of relieving the inflammatory response has yet to be elucidated.Based on high sensitivity,specificity and fast-responsibility fluorescent sensors,the Förster resonance energy transfer(FRET)technique offers a route to provide clear insights into physiological and pathological processes.In the study,molecular docking,the fluorescent probes of Phi and Swe for FRET were designed and synthesized.FRET analysis shown that Swe and Phi concurrently acted on the PH domain and allosterically inhibited pocket of AKT,respectively.The combination of Swe and Phi significantly increased the heat stability of AKT and decreased protease-induced degeneration.In lipopolysaccharides(LPS)-induced mice and cells,the combination arrested AKT activation,nuclear factor kappa-B(NF-κB)phosphorylation,and the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin(IL)-6 and IL-8.In conclusion,FRET revealed Phi and Swe concurrently targeted AKT on different domains and the combination of Phi and Swe enhanced the anti-inflammatory effect.

关键词： FRET Swertiamarin Phillygenin AKT Anti-inflammation Combinatorial drug

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