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Efficien.y limits of con.en.ratin. spectral-splittin. hybrid photovoltaic-thermal(PV-T)solar collectors an. systems

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Light(Scien.e & Application.) 2021年第2期10卷 264-277页

作者： gan Huan. Kai Wan. Christos n.Markides Clean.En.rgy Processes(CEP)Laboratory Department of Chemical EngineeringImperial College LondonLondon SW72AZUK In.titute of Refrigeration.an. Cryogen.cs Key Laboratory of Refrigeration and Cryogenic Technology of Zhejiang ProvinceZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China

Spectral splittin. is an.approach to the design.of hybrid photovoltaic-thermal(PVT)collectors that promises sign.fican. performan.e ***,the ultimate efficien.y limits,optimal PV cell materials an. optical filters of spectral-splittin. PVT(SSPVT)collectors remain.un.lear,with a lack of con.en.us in.the *** develop an.idealized model of SSPVT collectors an. use this to determin. their electrical an. thermal efficien.y limits,an. to un.over how these limits can.be approached through the selection.of optimal PV cell materials an. spectral-splittin. *** that thermal losses can.be min.mized,the efficien.y limit,optimal PV material an. optimal filter all depen. stron.ly on.a coefficien. w,which quan.ifies the value of the delivered thermal en.rgy relative to that of the gen.rated *** total(electrical plus thermal)efficien.y limit of SSPVT collectors in.reases at higher w an. at higher optical *** optimal spectral-splittin. filter is defin.d by sharp lower-an. upper-boun. en.rgies;the former always coin.ides with the ban.gap of the cell,whereas the latter decreases at higher *** total effective efficien.y limit of SSPVT collectors is over 20%higher than.those of either stan.alon. PV modules or stan.alon. ST collectors when.w is in.the ran.e from 0.35 to 0.50 an. up to 30%higher at w~*** study provides a method for iden.ifyin. the efficien.y limits of ideal SSPVT collectors an. reports these limits,alon. with guidan.e for selectin. optimal PV materials an. spectral-splittin. filters un.er differen. con.ition. an. in.differen. application..

关键词： splittin. thermal optimal

5DGWO-gan:A n.vel Five-Dimen.ion.l Gray Wolf Optimizer for Gen.rative Adversarial n.twork-En.bled In.rusion.Detection.in.IoT Systems

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Computers, Materials & Con.in.a 2025年第1期82卷 881-911页

作者： Sarven.z Sadat Khatami Mehrdad shoeibi An.ta Ershadi Oskouei Diego Martín.Maral Keramat Dashliboroun Departmen. of Data Scien.e En.in.erin. University of HoustonHoustonTX 77204USA The WPI Busin.ss School Worcester Polytechnic InstituteWorcesterMA 01609USA School of Systems an. En.erprises Stevens Institute of TechnologyHobokenNJ 07030USA Departmen. of Computer Scien.e Escuela de Ingeniería Informática de SegoviaUniversidad de ValladolidSegovia40005Spain Ern.st G.Welch School of Art&Design Georgia State UniversityAtlantaGA 30303USA

The In.ern.t of Thin.s(IoT)is in.egral to modern.in.rastructure,en.blin. con.ectivity amon. a wide ran.e of devices from home automation.to in.ustrial con.rol *** the expon.n.ial in.rease in.data gen.rated by these in.ercon.ected devices,robust an.maly detection.mechan.sms are *** detection.in.this dyn.mic en.iron.en. n.cessitates methods that can.accurately distin.uish between.n.rmal an. an.malous behavior by learn.n. in.ricate *** paper presen.s a n.vel approach utilizin. gen.rative adversarial n.tworks(gans)for an.maly detection.in.IoT ***,optimizin. gans in.olves tun.n. hyper-parameters such as learn.n. rate,batch size,an. optimization.algorithms,which can.be challen.in. due to the n.n.con.ex n.ture of gan loss *** address this,we propose a five-dimen.ion.l Gray wolf optimizer(5DGWO)to optimize gan *** 5DGWO in.roduces two n.w types of wolves:gamma(γ)for improved exploitation.an. con.ergen.e,an. theta(θ)for en.an.ed exploration.an. escapin. local *** proposed system framework comprises four key stages:1)preprocessin.,2)gen.rative model train.n.,3)autoen.oder(AE)train.n.,an. 4)predictive model *** gen.rative models are utilized to assist the AE train.n.,an. the fin.l predictive models(in.ludin. con.olution.l n.ural n.twork(Cn.),deep belief n.twork(DBn.,recurren. n.ural n.twork(Rn.),ran.om forest(RF),an. extreme gradien. boostin.(XGBoost))are train.d usin. the gen.rated data an. AE-en.oded *** evaluated the system on.three ben.hmark datasets:n.L-KDD,Un.W-n.15,an. *** con.ucted on.diverse IoT datasets show that our method outperforms existin. an.maly detection.strategies an. sign.fican.ly reduces false *** 5DGWO-gan-Cn.AE exhibits superior performan.e in.various metrics,in.ludin. accuracy,recall,precision.root mean.square error(RMSE),an. con.ergen.e *** proposed 5DGWO-gan-Cn.AE achieved the lowest RMSE values across the n.L-KDD,Un.W-n.15,an.

关键词： In.ern.t of thin.s in.rusion.detection gen.rative adversarial n.tworks five-dimen.ion.l bin.ry gray wolf optimizer deep learn.n.

Market In.en.ive In.ex for Studyin. Equilibrium Between.Vertically Lin.ed Oligopolistic Electricity an. Fuel Markets

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电力系统自动化 2015年第2期39卷 81-86页

作者： Yon. LU Deqian. gan Di WU John.n. JIAn. College of Electrical En.in.erin. Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China School of Electrical an. Computer En.in.erin. The University of Oklahoma Norman 73019 USA

A n.w in.ex, called the market in.en.ive in.ex is proposed for studyin. the equilibrium between.fuel an. electricity markets. Firstly, a game theoretic model with a mon.polistic upstream fuel market an. an.oligopolistic down.tream electricity market is in.roduced. It is a simple model that can.represen. strategic in.eraction. between.the two vertically lin.ed markets. Secon.ly, the market equilibrium is studied for derivin. out the in.ex, in.which in.eraction.relation.0}ips between.the two markets are explain.d an.lytically with three lemmas an. demon.trated with n.merical examples. Based on.the three precedin. lemmas, the market equilibrium is further studied by the in.ex. The study shows that, even.for the very complicated in.eraction. between.fuel producers an. electricity producers, some in.ights on.the market equilibrium can.be developed with the in.ex. The in.ex-based method can.be used as a very in.uition.stic way to study the impact of fuel price on.the market equilibrium. Thus, it is a n.w useful method for an.lysis of strategic behaviors in.the equilibrium.

关键词：电力市场燃料生产寡头垄断激励垂直链接 game理论相互作用

Dyn.mic crossover in.[VIO^(2+)][Tf_(2)n.]_(2) ion.c liquid

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Chin.se Physics B 2021年第1期30卷 374-379页

作者： gan Ren Departmen.s of Physics&Key Laboratory of Photon.c an. Optical Detection.in.Civil Aviation Civil Aviation Flight University of ChinaGuanghan 618307China

Ion.c liquids usually behave as fragile liquids,an. the temperature depen.en.e of their dyn.mic properties obeys supper-Arrhen.us *** this work,a dyn.mic crossover is observed in.[VIO^(2+)][Tf_(2)n.]_(2)) ion.c liquid at the temperature of 240-800 *** diffusion.coefficien. does n.t obey a sin.le Arrhen.us law or a Vogel-Fulcher-Tamman.(VFT) relation.but can.be well fitted by three Arrhen.us laws or a combin.tion.of a VFT relation.an. an.Arrhen.us *** origin.of the dyn.mic crossover is an.lyzed from correlation.structure,an. *** gets a stron.er backward correlation.at a lower temperature,as shown.by the fractal dimen.ion.of the ran.om *** temperature depen.en.e fun.tion.of fractal dimen.ion.heterogen.ity order parameter,an. thermodyn.mic data can.be separated in.o three region. similar to that observed in.the diffusion.*** two crossover temperatures observed in.the three types of data are almost the same as that in.diffusion.coefficien. fitted by three Arrhen.us *** results in.icate that the dyn.mic crossover of[VIO2+][Tf2 n.]2 is attributed to the heterogen.ous structure when.it un.ergoes coolin..

关键词： ion.c liquids dyn.mic crossover heterogen.ity order parameter fractal dimen.ion fragile

Challen.es an. opportun.ties for n.n.materials in.spectral splittin. for high-performan.e hybrid solar photovoltaic-thermal application.:A review

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n.n. Materials Scien.e 2020年第3期2卷 183-203页

作者： gan Huan. Sara Riera Curt Kai Wan. Christos n.Markides Clean.En.rgy Processes(CEP)Laboratory Department of Chemical EngineeringImperial College LondonSouth Kensington CampusLondon SW72AZUnited Kingdom In.titute of Refrigeration.an. Cryogen.cs Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China

Hybrid photovoltaic-thermal(PV-T)collectors,which are capable of cogen.ratin. useful thermal en.rgy an. electricity from the same aperture area,have a sign.fican.ly higher overall efficien.y an. ability to displace emission. compared to in.epen.en.,separate photovoltaic pan.ls,solar thermal collectors or combin.tion. *** splittin. has emerged as a promisin. route towards n.xt-gen.ration.high-performan.e PV-T collectors,an. n.n.techn.logy plays an.importan. role in.meetin. the optical an. thermal requiremen.s of advan.ed spectral splittin. PV-T collector *** paper presen.s a comprehen.ive review of spectral splittin. techn.logies based on.n.n.materials for PV-T *** n.n.materials(n.n.fluids,n.n.films an. n.n.wires)suitable for achievin. spectral splittin. based on.reflection.diffraction.refraction.an./or absorption.approaches in.PV-T collectors are presen.ed,alon. with the associated challen.es an. opportun.ties of these design.*** requiremen.s from such materials in.terms of optical properties,thermal properties,stability an. cost are discussed with the aim of guidin. future research an. in.ovation.an. developin. this techn.logy towards practical *** an. n.n.films are curren.ly the most common.n.n.materials used for spectral splittin.,with sign.fican. progress made in.recen. years in.the developmen. of these ***,there still remain. a con.iderable gap between.the optical properties of curren.ly-available filters an. the desired properties of ideal *** to in.truct an. guide the future developmen. of filter materials,a simple gen.ralized method is further proposed in.this paper to iden.ify optimal filters an. efficien.y limits of spectral splittin. PV-T systems for differen. *** is foun. that the optimal filter of a spectral splittin. PV-T system is highly sen.itive to the value of thermal en.rgy relative to that of electricity,which therefore depen.s stron.ly on

关键词： thermal splittin. performan.e

The Structure of Vector Bun.les on.n.n.primary Hopf Man.folds

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Chin.se An.als of Mathematics,Series B 2020年第6期41卷 929-938页

作者： n.n. gan Xian.yu ZHOU School of Scien.es Jimei Uni vers计yXiamen 361021FujianChina In.titute of Mathematics Academy of Mathematics and Systems ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Let X be a Hopf man.fold with n.n.Abelian.fun.amen.al group an. E be a holomorphic vector bun.le over X,with trivial pull-back to C^n.sh.The authors show that there exists a lin. bun.le L over X such that E■L has a ... 详细信息

Let X be a Hopf man.fold with n.n.Abelian.fun.amen.al group an. E be a holomorphic vector bun.le over X,with trivial pull-back to C^n.shin..The authors show that there exists a lin. bun.le L over X such that E■L has a n.where van.shin. *** is proved that in.case dim(X)≥3,π*(E)is trivial if an. on.y if E is filtrable by vector *** the structure theorem,the authors get the cohomology dimen.ion.of holomorphic bun.le E over X with trivial pull-back an. the van.shin. of Chern.class of E.

关键词： Hopf man.folds Holomorphic vector bun.les Exact sequen.e Cohomology Filtration Chern.class

Mixed Con.uction.in.BaCe0.8Pr0.2O3-α Ceramic

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Chin.se Journ.l of Chemical Physics 2008年第3期21卷 286-290页

作者： Mao-yuan.Wan. Li-gan Qiu School of Chemistry an. Chemical En.in.erin. Yancheng Teachers College Yancheng 224051 China

BaCe0.8Pr0.2O3-α ceramic was syn.hesized by high temperature solid-state reaction. The structural characteristics an. the phase purity of the crystal were determin.d usin. powder X-ray diffraction.an.lysis. By usin. the methods of AC impedan.e spectroscopy, gas con.en.ration.cell an. electrochemical pumpin. of hydrogen. the con.uctivity an. ion.c tran.port n.mber of BaCe0.8Pr0.2O3-α were measured, an. the electrical con.uction.behavior of the material was in.estigated in.differen. gases in.the temperature ran.e of 500-900℃. The results in.icate that the material was of a sin.le perovskite-type orthorhombic phase. From 500℃ to 900 ℃, electron.c-hole con.uction.was domin.n. in.dry an. wet oxygen. air or n.trogen. an. the total con.uctivity of the material in.reased slightly with in.reasin. oxygen.partial pressure in.the oxygen.partial pressure ran.e studied. Ion.c con.uction.was domin.n. in.wet hydrogen. an. the total con.uctivity was about on. or two orders of magn.tude higher than.that in.hydrogen.free atmosphere （oxygen. air or n.trogen.

关键词： BaCe0.8Pr0.2O3-α AC impedan.e Gas con.en.ration.cell Electrochemical pumpin. of hy-drogen Mixed con.uction

Zn.e/n.O heterostructure-based chemiresistive-type sen.ors for low-con.en.ration.n._(2) detection

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Rare Metals 2021年第6期40卷 1632-1641页

作者： Wei Liu Din. Gu Jian.Wei Zhan. Xiao-gan Li Marin. n.Rumyan.seva Alexan.er M.Gaskov School of Microelectron.cs Key Laboratory of Liaoning for Integrated Circuits TechnologyDalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China Liaon.n. Key Laboratory of In.egrated Circuit an. Biomedical Electron.c System Faculty of Electronic Information and Electrical EngineeringDalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China Laboratory of Chemistry an. Physics of Semicon.uctor an. Sen.or Materials Chemistry DepartmentMoscow State UniversityMoscow 199991Russia

n.vel Zn.e/n.O heterostructure n.n.composites were successfully prepared by on.-step hydrothermal *** Zn.e/n.O-based sen.or exhibits a respon.e of~96.47% to 8×10^(-6) n._(2) at 140℃,which is sign.fican.ly higher than.those of in.rin.ic Zn.e-based(n. respon.e)an. n.O-based(~19.65%)*** theoretical detection.limit(LOD)of the sen.or is calculated to be 8.91×10^(-9),in.icatin. that the sen.or can.be applied to detect the ultralow con.en.ration. of n._(2).The effect of n.O con.en. on.the gas-sen.in. performan.e of the n.n.composites was in.estigated in.*** optimal n.O con.en. in.the n.n.composite is determin.d to be15.16%to achieve the highest *** as-fabricated sen.or also presen.s an.excellen. selectivity to several possible in.erferen.s such as methan.l,ethan.l,aceton.,ben.en.,ammon.a an. *** en.an.ed sen.in. performan.e can.be attributed to the formation.of p-p heterostructures between.Zn.e an. n.O,which in.uces the charge tran.fer across the in.erfaces an. yields more active sites.

关键词： Zn.e/n.O heterostructure n._(2)detection Gas sen.ors Charge tran.fer

Solar flares with similar soft but differen. hard X-ray emission.： case an. statistical studies

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Research in.Astron.my an. Astrophysics 2016年第1期16卷 39-50页

作者： Ivan.n.sharykin.Alexei B.Strumin.ky Ivan.V.Zimovets Wei-Qun.gan Space Research In.titute Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow 117997 Russia Purple Moun.ain.Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China

From the Reuven.Ramaty High En.rgy Solar Spectroscopic Imager （RHESS1） catalog we select even.s which have approximately the same GOES class （high C - low M or 500-1200 coun.s s-1 within.the RHESSI 6-12 keV en.rgy ban.）, but with differen. maximal en.rgies of detected hard X-rays. The selected even.s are subdivided in.o two groups：（1） flares with X-ray emission. observed by RHESSI up to on.y 50 keV an. （2） flares with hard X-ray emission.observed also above 50 keV. The main.task is to un.erstan. observation.l peculiarities of these two flare groups. We use RHESSIX-ray data to obtain.spectral an. spa- tial in.ormation.in.order to fin. differen.es between.selected groups. Spectra an. images are an.lyzed in.detail for six even.s （case study）. For a larger n.mber of samples （85 an. 28 flares in.the low-en.rgy an. high-en.rgy groups respectively） we on.y make some gen.ralization.. In.spectral an.lysis we use the thick- target model for hard X-ray emission.an. on. temperature assumption.for thermal soft X-ray emission. RHESSI X-ray images are used for determin.tion.of flare region.sizes. Although thermal an. spatial prop- erties of these two groups of flares are n.t easily distin.uishable, power law in.ices of hard X-rays show sign.fican. differen.es. Even.s from the high-en.rgy group gen.rally have a harder spectrum. Therefore, the efficien.y of chromospheric evaporation.is n.t sen.itive to the hardn.ss of n.n.hermal electron.spectra but rather depen.s on.the total en.rgy flux of n.n.hermal electron..

关键词： Sun. flares -- Sun. X-rays -- gamma rays