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Safety and effi cacy of hepatitis A vaccine in children with chronic liver diseas

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第45期12卷 7337-7340页

作者： Hanaa Mostafa El-Karaksy Manal Ismail El-Hawary Nehal mohammad El-Koofy Rokaya El-Sayed Mona Al-Saeed El-Raziky Samah Asaad Mansour gamal mohammad taha Fatma El-Mougy Department of Pediatrics Cairo University Egypt Department of Pediatrics Fayoum University Egypt Department of Pediatrics Beni-Swaif University Egypt Department of Chemical Pathology Cairo University Egypt

AIM： To study the safety and efficacy of hepatitis A vaccine （HAV） in children with chronic liver disease of various etiologies. METHODS： Eleven children with chronic liver disease and thirteen age- and sex-matched controls negative for HAV antibodies were vaccinated against hepatitis A after they gave their informed consent. Children with uncontrolled coagulopathy or signs of hepatic decompensation were excluded. The vaccine （Havrix： 720 ELISA units in 0.5 mL, from GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals） was given intramuscularly in the deltoid in 2 doses 6 mo apart. Children were tested for HAV antibodies one and six months after the ist dose and one month after the 2^nd dose. Total serum bilirubin, alanine aminotransferase （ALT）, and aspartate aminotransferase （AST） were determined immediately before and after one month of the 1st dose of the vaccine. RESULTS： Only 7 out of the 11 patients were positive for HAV antibodies after the 1^st dose of the vaccine, as compared to 100% of the controls. One month after the 2nd dose, all patients tested were positive for HAV antibodies. No deterioration in liver functions of patients was noted after vaccination. No adverse events, immediate or late, were reported by the mothers after each dose of the vaccine. CONCLUSION： Hepatitis A vaccine is both safe and effective in this small studied group of children with chronic liver disease. Given the high seroconversion rate, post-vaccination testing for HAV antibodies is not needed.

关键词： Children Chronic liver disease Hepatitis A Hepatitis A vaccine

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Assessment of Arterial Stiffening and Vascular Calcifications in End‐Stage Renal Disease Patients

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2017年第4期7卷 131-143页

作者： Mahmoud Kamal Elsamman Mohamed Abdel Wahab Ezzat Medhat Ibraheem mohammad Raghda gamal Mostafa Ali taha Ali Hassan Internal Medicine Department Sohag Faculty of Medicine Sohag University Sohag Egypt Diagnostic Radiology Department Sohag Faculty of Medicine Sohag University Sohag Egypt

Background and Objective: Epidemiological and clinical studies have shown that vascular calcification and arterial vascular stiffness are associated with all-cause and cardiovascular (CV) mortality in the general populations and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. The objective of this study was the assessment of arterial stiffness and vascular calcification in ESRD patients in Sohag University Hospital. Patients and Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive study, 100 patients with ESRD (63 males and 37 females) were included. The patients were on regular hemodialysis (HD) for 65.18 ± 50.25 months. Arterial stiffness was measured by brachial pulse pressure (PP). A simple vascular calcification score (SVCS) based on plain radiographic films of pelvis and hands was used for assessment of vascular calcification. The patients undergoing clinical evaluation and serum calcium, phosphorus and parathyroid hormone (PTH) were obtained. Results: PP > 70 mmHg was observed in 24 patients (24%) and vascular calcifications were detected in 50 patients (50%). SVCS ≥ 3 was observed in 36 patients (36%) and 10 patients (10%) had both SVCS ≥ 3 and PP > 70 mmHg. PP > 70 was significantly associated with presence of vascular disease (odds ratio;5, 95% CI = 1.56 - 16.01;P = 0.007). In multivariate analysis, PP > 70 was independently associated with elevated systolic blood pressure (odds ratio;1.34, 95% CI = 1.11 - 1.6;P = 0.002) and serum PTH (odds ratio;1.004, 95% CI = 1 - 1.008;P = 0.03). SVCS ≥ 3 was association with age (odds ratio;1.05, 95% CI = 1.02 - 1.09;P = 0.003) and presence of vascular disease (odds ratio;3.19, 95% CI = 1.3 - 7.85;P = 0.01). Elevated systolic blood pressure was independently associated with SVCS ≥ 3 (odds ratio;1.08, 95% CI = 1.03 - 1.14;P = 0.002). Conclusion: Arterial stiffness and vascular calcifications are common in patients with ESRD on regular hemodialysis. PP and SVCS are simple and inexpensive methods in assessment of vascular calcifications

关键词： Arterial Stiffness Vascular Calcification Pulse Pressure Haemodialysis

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Use of ultrasonic transient elastography (Fibroscan) in the assessment of hepatic focal lesion stiffness

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第2期3卷 107-112页

作者： Mohamed Yousef Aisha Elsharkawy mohammad El Beshlawy gamal Esmat Zakaria Salama Department of Endemic Medicine and Hepatology Faculty of Medicine Cairo University Cairo Egypt

Background and Aim: Hepatic focal lesions differ in their tissue composition and in the degree of stiffness, so our aim was to evaluate the role of Ultrasonic Transient Elastography (Fibroscan) in the measurement of hepatic focal lesions stiffness in order to differentiate hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) focal lesions from other non HCC focal lesions. Methods: The study was conducted on 34 patients with hepatic focal lesion(s) in the right lobe located near the liver surface and more than or equal4 cmin diameter, detected by imaging studies and diagnosed by CT and histopathology. Stiffness over the focal lesions was measured by the fibroscan. Results: The median value of stiffness was 72.5 kPa over HCC focal lesions, 17.2 kPa over lymphoma focal lesions, 6.5 kPa over metastatic focal lesions and 10.5 kPa over the sarcoidosis focal lesion. Conclusions: Hepatocellular carcinoma focal lesions are much stiffer than lymphoma, metastasis or sarcoidosis focal lesions. Fibroscan may be a useful non-invasive method in the prediction of hepatocellular carcinoma in the future.

关键词： Hepatic Focal Lesions Hepatocellular Carcinoma Fibroscan Stiffness

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Broad-Spectrum Antiproliferative Activity of Diarylureas and Diarylamides Possessing Pyrrolo[3,2-c]Pyridine Scaffold

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Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 2014年第3期2卷 157-169页

作者： mohammad Ashrafuddin Khan Mohammed I. EI-gamal Mohammed S. Abdel-Maksoud Mahmoud M.gamal El-Din Kyung Ho Yoo Chang-Hyun Oh Center for Biomaterials Korea Institute of Science and Technology Seou1130650 Republic of Korea Department of Biomolecular Science University of Science and Technology Daejeon 305333 Republic of Korea Department of Medicinal Chemistry Faculty of Pharmacy Mansoura 35516 Egypt Chemical Kinomics Research Center Korea Institute of Science and Technology Seoul 130650 Republic of Korea

A series of diarylureas and diarylamides possessing pyrrolo[3,2-c]pyridine scaffold was designed and synthesized. Their in vitro antiproliferative activities were tested against a panel of 49 cell lines of eight different cancer types at the NCI and compared with Sorafenib as a reference compound. Most of the compounds showed strong and broad-spectrum antiproliferative activities with superior potencies to Sorafenib. Compounds 8a, 9d and 9f showed lethal effect with mean %inhibition more than 100% over the 49 tested cell lines. In addition, the mean %inhibition results of compounds 8d, 8e, 9e, 9g and 9h were more than 80%. And most of the IC50 values of the target compounds were in submicromolar scale. Compounds 8a, 9b and 9e demonstrated high selectivity towards cancer cell lines compared with NIH3T3 fibroblasts.

关键词： Anticancer antiproliferative diarylamide diarylurea pyrrolo[3 2-c]pyridine.

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Predictors of Vascular Calcification in Hemodialysis Patients

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Open Journal of Nephrology 2021年第2期11卷 273-280页

作者： Said Sayed Ahmed Khamis Ahmed Ragheb Tawfeek mohammad gamal Al Din Al-Helbawy mohammad EL-Sayed Abdel Samea Heba Kamal Abd El Khalek Internal Medicine Department Faculty of Medicine Menoufia University Shibin El Kom Egypt Clinical Pathology Department Faculty of Medicine Menoufia University Shibin El Kom Egypt Diagnostic Medical and Interventional Radiology Department National Liver Institute Menoufia University Shibin El Kom Egypt

Background: The prevalence of both cardiovascular mortality and vascular calcification is much higher in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) than in the general population so early detection and intervention of VC may prevent or delay the progression and achieve improved patient outcomes. Objectives: To detect different predictors of vascular calcification in haemodialysis patients. Methods: This was a cross sectional observational study that included 85 patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD) on regular dialysis 47 males and 38 females ranged between 18 and 80 years old selected from Nephrology Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Menoufia University Hospital from April 2019 to May 2020. Serum calcium, phosphorus, alkhaline phosphatase, intact PTH, serum Matrix GLA protein, vitamin D and non-contrast CT for calcium scoring of femoral arteries were performed. Results: There was a significant correlation between age of the patient by years (p value 0.0001), serum calcium (p value 0.0001), phosphate (0.0001), calcium phosphate products (p value 0.0001) and alkhaline phosphatase (0.0001), and vascular calcification score detected by non-contrast CT on femoral arteries and negative correlation between serum Matrix GLA protein p value 0.0001) and the detected calcification score;the lower the MGP level the higher calcification score while there was no correlation between body mass index (BMI) (p value 0.021) intact PTH (p value 0.117), serum vitamin D level (p value 0.643), serum albumin (p value 0.643), serum haemoglobin (p value 0.257) and duration of dialysis (p value 0.260) and the detected score. Serum phosphate and calcium phosphorus product are independent risk factors for vascular calcification severity in haemodialysis patients. Conclusions: serum phosphate, calcium phosphate products are risk factors for vascular calcification while intact PTH vitamin D has no signif

关键词： Vascular Calcification Hemodialysis End Stage Renal Disease

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Predictors of Gallstone Formation in Morbidly Obese Patients after Bariatric Surgery: A Retrospective Observational Study

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Surgical Science 2014年第1期5卷 1-5页

作者： mohammad H. Abo-Ryia Hamdy S. Abd-Allah Osama H. El-Khadrawy gamal I. Moussa Department of Surgery Gastrointestinal Surgery Unit Tanta University Hospital Tanta Egypt

Background: Obesity alone and rapid weight loss induced by bariatric surgery are recognized risk factors for the development of cholelithiasis. This study aimed to identify the predictive factors for gallstone formation after bariatric surgery. Patient and methods: The files of all morbidly obese patients underwent bariatric surgery in our unit during the period from March 2003 till October 2010 were reviewed and analyzed. All patients underwent routine preoperative ultrasonography and selective concomitant cholecystectomy was done in all patients with ultrasonographic-confirmed cholelithiasis. After excluding cases with prior and concomitant cholecystectomies, patients were divided into two groups;those who developed gallstones and those who did not and the two groups were compared. Results: Of the 143 reviewed files 135 were eligible to be included in the study. The incidence of cholelithiasis before surgery was 25.9% (35 cases). 19 cases (19%) of the 100 cases free at surgery developed gallstone at a mean of 13.2 months. Comparing the two groups, no significant difference was revealed regarding gender, age, preoperative BMI or type of the operation. But the percent of excess weight loss was significantly higher in the group that formed gallstones. Conclusion: Gender, age, preoperative BMI and type of the operation were not predictive of gallstones formation after bariatric surgery. The percent of excess weight loss was the only predictive postoperative factor.

关键词： Obesity Gallstone Bariatric Surgery

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Coinfection with hepatitis C virus and schistosomiasis:Fibrosis and treatment response

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第17期19卷 2691-2696页

作者： Mahasen Abdel-Rahman mohammad El-Sayed Maissa El Raziky Aisha Elsharkawy Wafaa El-Akel Hossam Ghoneim Hany Khattab gamal Esmat Department of Endemic Medicine and Hepatology Faculty of Medicine Cairo University Department of Endemic Medicine and Hepatology Faculty of Medicine Beni-Suef University Department of Pathology Faculty of MedicineCairo University

AIM:To assess whether schistosomiasis coinfection with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) influences hepatic fibrosis and pegylated-interferon/ribavirin (PEG-IFN/ RIB) therapy response. METHODS:This study was designed as a retrospective analysis of 3596 chronic HCV patients enrolled in the Egyptian National Program for HCV treatment with PEG-IFN/RIB. All patients underwent liver biopsy and anti-schistosomal antibodies testing prior to HCV treatment. The serology results were used to categorize the patients into group A (positive schistosomal serology) or group B (negative schistosomal serology). Patients in group A were given oral antischistosomal treatment(praziquantel, single dose) at four weeks prior to PEG-IFN/RIB. All patients received a 48-wk course of PEG-IFN (PEG-IFNα2a or PEG-IFNα2b)/RIB therapy. Clinical and laboratory follow-up examinations were carried out for 24 wk after cessation of therapy (to week 72). Correlations of positive schistosomal serology with fibrosis and treatment response were assessed by multiple regression analysis. RESULTS:Schistosomal antibody was positive in 27.3% of patients (15.9% females and 84.1% males). The patients in group A were older (P = 0.008) and had a higher proportion of males (P = 0.002) than the patients in group B. There was no significant association between fibrosis stage and positive schistosomal serology (P = 0.703). Early virological response was achieved in significantly more patients in group B than in group A (89.4% vs 86.5%, P = 0.015). However, significantly more patients in group A experienced breakthrough at week 24 than patients in group B (36.3% vs 32.3%, P = 0.024). End of treatment response was achieved in more patients in group B than in group A (62.0% vs 59.1%) but the difference did not reach statistical significance (P = 0.108). Sustained virological response occurred in significantly more patients in group B than in group A (37.6% vs 27.7%, P = 0.000). Multivariate logistic regression analysis of p

关键词： Hepatitis C virus Schistosomiasis Coinfection Fibrosis Treatment response

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Mental Health Care in Saudi Arabia: Past, Present and Future

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2014年第2期4卷 113-130页

作者： Harold G. Koenig Faten Al Zaben mohammad gamal Sehlo Doaa Ahmed Khalifa Mahmoud Shaheen Al Ahwal Naseem Akhtar Qureshi Abdulhameed Abdullah Al-Habeeb Duke University Medical Center Durham USA King Abdulaziz University Jeddah KSA Ministry of Health Riyadh KSA

We review the past, present and future state of mental health care in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). The past is reviewed prior to the modern era, discussing early explanations and treatments for mental health illness up through the establishment of the first mental hospital in the 1950s, tracking advances in mental health care over the past 60 years. The present is explored in terms of the current need for mental health care based on the prevalence of mental health problems in KSA. We also discuss the role of the family in caring for the needs of the mentally ill today. Finally, we look forward into the future, discuss the current education system that will produce the next generation of mental health professionals, examine areas of mental health care that need improvement, and provide a research agenda to guide the continued development of the mental health care system in KSA. Our goal is to present a blue print for the development of a state-of-the-art mental health that may serve as a model for other countries in the Middle East, while taking into account the political, cultural and religious factors that are unique to this region of the world.

关键词： Mental Health Care Saudi Arabia Mental Health System Psychiatry Psychiatric Education Middle East Research

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Immune Response after Hepatitis B Vaccination among Egyptian Medical Students in Nile Delta

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World Journal of Vaccines 2015年第3期5卷 140-146页

作者： Reem Elmaghlob gamal El Didamony Ashraf Elbahrawy Abdallah Mahmoud Abdallah Mahmoud Haddad Hemida Ahmed Elwassief Mohamed Salah Ali Ahmed Al-Ashker Abdel-Gawad Saied mohammad Mohamed Hanafy Morsy Hafez Abdelhafeez Department of Microbiology and Botany Faculty of Science Al-Zakazik University Al-Zakazik Egypt Department of Internal Medicine Al-Azhar School of Medicine Al-Azhar University Cairo Egypt Department of Clinical Pathology Al-Azhar School of Medicine Al-Azhar University Cairo Egypt

Background: Early promotion of hepatitis B (HB) vaccination among health care workers is an important component of the HBV infection control. No available data assess immune response of HB vaccination among Egyptian medical students. Objective: we conducted this study to evaluate the immune response among medical students after completion of their vaccination schedule. Methods: A total of 150 Egyptian medical students were included. Three doses of recombinant HB vaccine had been administered to all participating students at 0, 1 and 6 months. Antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen (Anti-HBs) titers, hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), and total antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) were measured by enzyme immunoassay, 1 to 2 months after completion of vaccination course. Results: Among 150 students included, the mean age was 22.4 ± 1.7 years (range 18 - 28 years). Fifty nine (39.4%) were males and 91 (60.6%) were females. All students have anti-HBs levels more than 100 IU/L. The mean anti-HBs of included students was 8994.2 ± 6373.1 IU/L. There was no significant difference of anti-HBs levels regarding age, sex, residence or body mass index distribution. Conclusion: Early HB vaccination of health care workers is associated with good immune response and should be encouraged.

关键词： HBV HB Vaccine Medical Students Anti-HBs Egypt

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Frozen Section in Postmenopausal Women Presented with Suspicious Ovarian Masses, Does It Have a Role?

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2015年第14期6卷 1192-1195页

作者： Basel Refky Anas gamal Emad Hamed Adel Fathi mohammad Arafa Sameh Roshdy Khaled Gaballa Essam Attia Mohamed Abdelkhalek Mohamed T. Hafez Fayz Shahatto Shadi Awny Doaa Shokry Gehad Tawfik Surgical Oncology Unit Oncology Center Mansoura University Mansoura Egypt Gynecology Department Mansoura University Hospitals Mansoura Egypt Pathology Department Mansoura University Mansoura Egypt Public Health Department Mansoura Faculty of Medicine Mansoura Egypt Medical Intern Mansoura University Hospitals Mansoura Egypt

Background: Frozen section (FS) has a valuable role in the diagnosis of ovarian tumors. It is considered a pivotal point in guiding the surgical therapy, particularly in premenopausal women. In postmenopausal women, it may be required as well to avoid unnecessary surgical staging in benign ovarian tumors. Aim: This study aims to evaluate the accuracy of intraoperative frozen section in ovarian neoplasms in postmenopausal women. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis was done for intraoperative FS for suspected ovarian neoplasms. The study was conducted in Oncology Center, Mansoura University from March 2008 to December 2014. The frozen and paraffin section reports were compared, and overall accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values were determined. Results: The study included 105 patients and the overall accuracy of FS in determining malignancy was 81.7%. The sensitivity for malignant tumors was 75.32% with specificity of 100%. For benign tumors, the sensitivity and specificity were 100% and 93%, respectively. Borderline tumors had the lowest sensitivity of 100% with specificity of 95.19%. Conclusion: The present study concurs that frozen section is an accurate test for diagnosis of benign and malignant tumors in postmenopausal women thus determining the extent of surgery done for them. On the other hand, accuracy rates for borderline tumors are low.

关键词： Frozen Section Ovarian Cancer Surgical Staging

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