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Elucidating the genetic basis of antioxidant status in lettuce (Lactuca sativa)

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Horticulture Research 2015年第1期2卷 47-59页

作者： Annabelle Damerum Stacey L Selmes Gaia F Biggi Graham JJ Clarkson Steve D Rothwell Maria JoséTruco Richard W Michelmore Robert D Hancock Connie Shellcock mark A Chapman gail Taylor Centre for Biological Sciences University of SouthamptonLife SciencesUniversity RoadSouthamptonSO171BJUK Vitacress Limited Lower Link FarmSt Mary BourneAndoverSP116DBHampshireUK The Genome Centre and the Department of Plant Sciences University of CaliforniaDavis95616CAUSA The James Hutton Institute InvergowrieDD25DADundeeUK

A diet rich in phytonutrients from fruit and vegetables has been acknowledged to afford protection against a range of human diseases,but many of the most popular vegetables are low in *** relatives of crops may contain allelic variation for genes determining the concentrations of these beneficial phytonutrients,and therefore understanding the genetic basis of this variation is important for breeding efforts to enhance nutritional *** this study,lettuce recombinant inbred lines,generated from a cross between wild and cultivated lettuce(Lactuca serriola and Lactuca sativa,respectively),were analysed for antioxidant(AO)potential and important phytonutrients including carotenoids,chlorophyll and phenolic *** grown in two environments,96 quantitative trait loci(QTL)were identified for these nutritional traits:4 for AO potential,2 for carotenoid content,3 for total chlorophyll content and 87 for individual phenolic compounds(two per compound on average).Most often,the *** alleles conferred an increase in total AOs and *** genes underlying these QTL were identified by BLASTn searches;in several cases,these had functions suggesting involvement in phytonutrient biosynthetic *** of a QTL on linkage group 3,which accounted for>30%of the variation in AO potential,revealed several candidate genes encoding multiple MYB transcription factors which regulate flavonoid biosynthesis and flavanone 3-hydroxylase,an enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of the flavonoids quercetin and kaempferol,which are known to have powerful AO ***-up quantitative RT-PCR of these candidates revealed that 5 out of 10 genes investigated were significantly differentially expressed between the wild and cultivated parents,providing further evidence of their potential involvement in determining the contrasting *** results offer exciting opportunities to improve the nutritional content and health benefits of lettu

关键词： breeding crops Lactuca

Reactivity of Pyrogenic Carbonaceous Matter (PCM) in mediating environmental reactions: Current knowledge and future trends

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2020年第5期14卷 115-125页

作者： Wenqing Xu mark LSegall Zhao Li Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Villanova UniversityVillanovaPA 19085USA

Pyrogenic Carbonaceous Matter(PCM;e.g.,black carbon,biochar,and activated carbon)are solid residues from incomplete combustion of fussil fuel or *** are traditionally viewed as inert adsorbents for sequestering contaminants from the aqueous phase or providing surfaces for microbes to *** this account,we reviewed the recently discovered reactivity of PCM in promoting both chemical and microbial synergies that are important in pollutant transformation,biogeochemical processes of redox-active elements,and climate change mitigation with respect to the interaction between biochar and nitrous oxide(N2O).Moreover,we focused on our group's work in the PCM-enhanced abiotic transformation of nitrogenous and halogenated pollutants and conducted in-depth analysis of the reaction *** understand what properties of PCM confer its reactivity,our group pioneered the use of PCM-like polymers,namely conjugated microporous polymers(CMPs),to mimic the performance of *** approach allows for the controlled incorporation of specific surface properties(e.g.,quinones)into the polymer network during the polymer *** a result,the relationship between specific characteristics of PCM and its reactivity in facilitating the decay of a model pollutant was systematically studied in our group's *** findings summarized in this account help us to better understand an overlooked environmental process where PCM synergistically interacts with various environmental reagents such as hydrogen sulfide and ***,the knowledge gained in these studies could inform the design of a new generation of reactive carbonaceous materials with tailored properties that are highly efficient in contaminant removal.

关键词： Pyrogenic carbonaceous matter Conjugated microporous polymer Remediation Biochar Hydrolysis Pollutant degradation

Proposed graphene nanospaser

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Light(Science & Applications) 2014年第1期3卷 141-146页

作者： Vadym Apalkov mark I Stockman Department of Physics and Astronomy Georgia State UniversityAtlantaGA 30303USA Faculty of Physics Ludwig Maximilian UniversityD-80539 MunichGermany Max Plank Institute for Quantum Optics D-85748 GarchingGermany

We propose a novel nanospaser that operates in the mid-infrared region and utilizes a nanopatch of graphene as its plasmonic core and a quantum-well cascade as its gain *** design takes advantage of the low optical losses in graphene resulting from its high electron *** proposed quantum cascade graphene spaser generates optical fields with unprecedentedly high nanolocalization,which is characteristic of graphene *** spaser will be an efficient nanosource of intense and coherent hot-spot fields in the mid-infrared spectral region with potential widespread applications in mid-infrared nanoscopy,nanospectroscopy,nanolithography,and optoelectronic information processing.

关键词： graphene quantum cascade laser quantum well spaser

The efficacy and safety of pramipexole er versus IR in Chinese patients with Parkinson’s disease: a randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, parallel-group study

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2014年第1期3卷 80-88页

作者： Ying Wang Shenggang Sun Suiqiang Zhu Chunfeng Liu Yiming Liu Qing Di Huifang Shang Yan Ren Changhong Lu mark Forrest Gordon Nolwenn Juhel Shengdi Chen for the Pramipexole er Study Team Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine ShanghaiChina Union Hospital affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology WuhanChina Tongji Hospital affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology WuhanChina The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University SuzhouChina Qilu Hospital affiliated to Shandong University JinanChina Nanjing Brain Hospital NanjingChina West China Hospital affiliated to Sichuan University ChengduChina First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University ShenyangChina Boehringer Ingelheim International Trading(Shanghai)Co LtdShanghaiChina Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals IncRidgefieldCTUSA Boehringer Ingelheim France S.A.S ReimsFrance Department of Neurology Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina 不详

Objective:To evaluate the non-inferiority of pramipexole extended-release(er)versus immediate-release(IR)in Chinese patients with Parkinson’s disease(PD)in a double-blind,randomized,parallel-group ***:Subjects were Chinese patients with idiopathic PD with diagnosis≥2 years prior to trial,age≥30 years old at diagnosis,and Modified Hoehn and Yahr score 2-4 during‘on’-*** received treatment with pramipexole er(n=234)or IR(n=239).Non-inferiority was based on the primary endpoint,the change from baseline to end of maintenance(week 18)in the UPDRS(Parts II+III)total ***:For the primary endpoint,the adjusted mean changes(standard error)of UPDRS Parts II+III at week 18 were−13.81(0.655)and−13.05(0.643)for er and IR formulations,respectively,using ANCOVA adjusted for treatment and centre(fixed effect)and baseline(covariate).The adjusted mean between group difference was 0.8 for the 2-sided 95%CI(−1.047,2.566).Since the lower limit of the 2-sided 95%CI(−1.047)for treatment difference was higher than the non-inferiority margin of−4,non-inferiority between pramipexole er and IR was *** incidence of adverse events(AEs)was 68.8%in the er arm and 73.6%in the IR arm with few severe AEs(er:2.1%;IR:3.8%).Conclusion:Based on the UPDRS II+III score,pramipexole er was non-inferior to pramipexole *** safety profiles of pramipexole er and IR were *** results were based on comparable mean daily doses and durations of treatment for both formulations.

关键词： Parkinson’s disease Pramipexole er Pramipexole IR Non-inferiority Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale(UPDRS) Safety

Natural orbital description of the halo nucleus 6He

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2017年第12期28卷 237-243页

作者： Chrysovalantis Constantinou mark A.Caprio James P.Vary Pieter Maris Present Address:Center for Theoretical Physics Sloane Physics LaboratoryYale UniversityNew HavenCT 06520-8120USA Department of Physics University of Notre DameNotre DameIN 46556-5670USA Department of Physics and Astronomy Iowa State UniversityAmesIA 50011-3160USA

Ab initio calculations of nuclei face the challenge of simultaneously describing the strong short-range internucleon correlations and the long-range properties of weakly bound halo nucleons. Natural orbitals, which diagonalize the one-body density matrix, provide a basis which is better matched to the physical structure of the many-body wave function. We demonstrate that the use of natural orbitals significantly improves convergence for ab initio no-core configuration interaction calculations of the neutron halo nucleus ~6He, relative to the traditional oscillator basis.

关键词： Neutron halo nucleus 6He Nuclear structure Nuclear theory

Alternatives for large-scale production of cultured beef: A review

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2015年第2期14卷 208-216页

作者： Matilda S M Moritz Sanne E L Verbruggen mark J Post Department of Physiology Maastricht UniversityMaastricht 6229 ER The Netherlands Department of Physics Chemistry and Biology Linkping UniversityLinkping SE-581 83 Sweden

Cultured beef is a method where stem cells from skeletal muscle of cows are cultured in vitro to gain edible muscle tissue. For large-scale production of cultured beef, the culture technique needs to become more efficient than today＇s 2-dimensional（2D） standard technique that was used to make the first cultured hamburger. Options for efficient large-scale production of stem cells are to culture cells on microcarriers, either in suspension or in a packed bed bioreactor, or to culture aggregated cells in suspension. We discuss the pros and cons of these systems as well as the possibilities to use the systems for tissue culture. Either of the production systems needs to be optimized to achieve an efficient production of cultured beef. It is anticipated that the optimization of large-scale cell culture as performed for other stem cells can be translated into successful protocols for bovine satellite cells resulting in resource and cost efficient cultured beef.

关键词： cultured beef microcarriers aggregated cells packed bed bioreactor cell culture

Low-radiation and high image quality coronary computed tomography angiography in “real-world” unselected patients

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World Journal of Radiology 2018年第10期10卷 135-142页

作者： Caryl Elizabeth Richards Stephen Dorman Patricia John Anthony Davies Sharon Evans Tishi Ninan David Martin Sriranj Kannoly gail Roberts-Davies mark Ramsey Daniel Rhys Obaid Swansea University Medical School Swansea University Department of Cardiology Morriston Hospital Department of Radiology Morriston Hospital Department of Radiology Singleton Hospital Department of Cardiology Singleton Hospital

AIM To determine the radiation dose and image quality in coronary computed tomography angiography(CCTA)using state-of-the-art dose reduction methods in unselected"real world"*** In this single-centre study,consecutive patients in sinus rhythm underwent CCTA for suspected coronary artery disease(CAD)using a 320-row detector CT *** patients underwent the standard CT acquisition protocol at our institute(Morriston Hospital)a combination of dose saving advances including prospective electrocardiogram-gating,automated tube current modulation,tube voltage reduction,heart rate reduction,and the most recent novel adaptive iterative dose reconstruction 3D(AIDR3D)*** cohort comprised real-world patients for routine CCTA who were not selected on age,body mass index,or heart *** image quality was graded on a 4-point scale(4=excellent,1=non-diagnostic).RESULTS A total of 543 patients were included in the study with a mean body weight of 81±18 kg and a pre-scan mean heart rate of 70±11 beats per minute(bpm).When indicated,patients received rate-limiting medication with an oral beta-blocker followed by additional intravenous beta-blocker to achieve a heart rate below 65 *** median effective radiation dose was 0.88 mSv(IQR,0.6-1.4 mSv)derived from a Dose Length Product of61.45 ***(IQR,42.86-100.00 ***).This also includes what we believe to be the lowest ever-reported radiation dose for a routine clinical CCTA(0.18 mSv).The mean image quality(SD)was 3.65±0.61,with a subjective image quality score of 3("good")or above for 93%of patient *** Combining a low-dose scan protocol and AIDR3D with a 320-detector row CT scanner can provide high quality images at exceptionally low radiation dose in unselected patients being investigated for CAD.

关键词： Effective radiation dose Tube voltage Tube current Iterative reconstruction Coronary computed tomography angiography Image quality Prospectively electrocardiogram gating

Estrogen receptor expression in chronic hepatitis C and hepatocellular carcinoma pathogenesis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第37期23卷 6802-6816页

作者： Janaki K Iyer Mamta Kalra Anil Kaul mark E Payton Rashmi Kaul Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology Oklahoma State University-Center for Health Sciences Department of Natural Sciences Northeastern State University Immatics US Inc Health Care Administration Oklahoma State University-Center for Health Sciences Department of Statistics Oklahoma State University

AIM To investigate gender-specific liver estrogen receptor(er) expression in normal subjects and patients with hepatitis C virus(HCV)-related cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).METHODS Liver tissues from normal donors and patients diagnosed with HCV-related cirrhosis and HCV-related HCC were obtained from the NIH Liver Tissue and Cell Distribution System. The expression of er subtypes, erα and erβ, were evaluated by Western blotting and real-time RT-PCR. The subcellular distribution of erα and erβ was further determined in nuclear and cytoplasmic tissue lysates along with the expression ofinflammatory [activated NF-κB and IκB-kinase(IKK)] and oncogenic(cyclin D1) markers by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. The expression of erα and erβ was correlated with the expression of activated NF-κB, activated IKK and cyclin D1 by Spearman's correlation. RESULTS Both er subtypes were expressed in normal livers but male livers showed significantly higher expression of erα than females(P erved significantly higher m RNA expression of erα in HCV-related HCC liver tissues as compared to normals(P erβ in livers of HCV-related cirrhosis and HCV-related HCC subjects(P ere was a significantly higher expression of nuclear erα in livers of HCV-related HCC patients and nuclear erβ in HCV-related cirrhosis patients as compared to normals(P ermore, we observed a significantly higher expression of phosphorylated NF-κB and cyclin D1 in diseased livers(P ere was a positive correlation between the expression of nuclear er subtypes and nuclear cyclin D1 and a negative correlation between cytoplasmic er subtypes and cytoplasmic phosphorylated IKK in HCV-related HCC livers. These findings suggest that dysregulated expression of er subtypes following chronic HCVinfection may contribute to the progression of HCVrelated cirrhosis to HCV-related *** Gender differences were observed in er

关键词： Estrogen receptor α Estrogen receptor β Hepatitis C virus-related cirrhosis Hepatitis C virusrelated hepatocellular carcinoma Sex and gender Normal liver

AudiWFlow:Confidential,collusion-resistant auditing of distributed workflows

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Blockchain(Research and Applications) 2022年第3期3卷 1-11页

作者： Xiaohu Zhou Antonio Nehme Vitor Jesus Yonghao Wang mark Josephs Khaled Mahbub Ali Abdallah School of Computing and Digital Technology Birmingham City UniversityBirminghamB47XGUK Aston Business School Aston UniversityBirminghamB47ERUK

We discuss the problem of accountability when multiple parties cooperate towards an end result,such as multiple companies in a supply chain or departments of a government service under different *** cases where a fully trusted central point does not exist,it is difficult to obtain a trusted audit trail of a workflow when each individual participant is unaccountable to all *** propose AudiWFlow,an auditing architecture that makes participants accountable for their contributions in a distributed *** scheme provides confidentiality in most cases,collusion detection,and availability of evidence after the workflow *** is based on verifiable secret sharing and real-time peer-to-peer verification of records;it further supports multiple levels of assurance to meet a desired trade-off between the availability of evidence and the overhead resulting from the auditing *** propose and evaluate two implementation approaches for *** first one is fully distributed except for a central auxiliary point that,nevertheless,needs only a low level of *** second one is based on smart contracts running on a public blockchain,which is able to remove the need for any central point but requires integration with a blockchain.

关键词： Auditing Distributed workflows Confidentiality Blockchains Smart contracts