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Examining the effects of voluntary avoidance behaviour and policy-mediated behaviour change on the dynamics of SARS-CoV-2:A mathematical model

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2024年第3期9卷 701-712页

作者： gabrielle Brankston David N.Fisman Zvonimir Poljak Ashleigh R.Tuite Amy L.Greer Department of Population Medicine University of GuelphCanada Dalla Lana School of Public Health University of TorontoCanada Centre for Immunization Readiness Public Health Agency of CanadaOttawaOntarioCanada

Background Throughout the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic,policymakers have had to navigate between recommending voluntary behaviour change and policy-driven behaviour change to mitigate the impact of the *** individuals will voluntarily engage in self-protective behaviour when there is an increasing infectious disease risk,the extent to which this occurs and its impact on an epidemic is not *** This paper describes a deterministic disease transmission model exploring the impact of individual avoidance behaviour and policy-mediated avoidance behaviour on epidemic outcomes during the second wave of SARS-CoV-2 infections in Ontario,Canada(September 1,2020 to February 28,2021).The model incorporates an information feedback function based on empirically derived behaviour data describing the degree to which avoidance behaviour changed in response to the number of new daily cases *** Voluntary avoidance behaviour alone was estimated to reduce the final attack rate by 23.1%,the total number of hospitalizations by 26.2%,and cumulative deaths by 27.5%over 6 months compared to a counterfactual scenario in which there were no interventions or avoidance behaviour.A provincial shutdown order issued on December 26,2020 was estimated to reduce the final attack rate by 66.7%,the total number of hospitalizations by 66.8%,and the total number of deaths by 67.2%compared to the counterfactual *** Given the dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 in a pre-vaccine era,individual avoidance behaviour in the absence of government action would have resulted in a moderate reduction in disease however,it would not have been sufficient to entirely mitigate transmission and the associated risk to the population in *** action during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Ontario reduced infections,protected hospital capacity,and saved lives.

关键词： Mathematical modelling COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Human behaviour

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Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura in Pregnancy Presented with Stroke at 29 Weeks: A Case Report

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第3期14卷 359-364页

作者： Shamsa Kassam Jodie Lam gabrielle Baptiste Department of Women’s Health Luton and Dunstable University Hospital Bedfordshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Luton UK

Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is a rare but acute, life-threatening condition which may be precipitated by pregnancy. This disorder that presents with thrombocytopenia, haemolytic anemia, and clinical consequences of microvascular thrombosis such as stroke. The exact cause is not known but it is associated with a deficiency of ADAMTS13 enzymes. Immune mediated TTP is more common and can present in pregnancy. The aim of this case is to bring awareness as many clinicians are unaware of this condition in pregnancy, its diagnosis may be missed or delayed, leading to fetal loss or serious maternal implications. In this case the patient presented at 29 weeks with stroke in Emergency department, referred to delivery suit for Obstetric review, with suspicion of Pre-eclampsia/HELLP. The diagnosis of TTP was achieved by a multidisciplinary team who worked tirelessly together. The patient was transferred to a Specialist Tertiary Care Centre for further management. The pregnancy continued until 33 weeks and 5 days. She underwent an emergency caesarean section for fetal distress. Steroids and Rituximab were continued postnatally. The outcome was favourable due to fast and efficient multidisciplinary care. Awareness of this rare but important condition can lead to recognition of clinical presentation, prompt diagnosis and appropriate management.

关键词： Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura Pregnancy Ischemic Stroke Caesarean Section

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Risk of hepatitis B virus reactivation in cancer patients undergoing treatment with tyrosine kinase-inhibitors

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第24期30卷 3052-3058页

作者： Bansi P Savaliya Ramin Shekouhi Fatima Mubarak Harsheen K Manaise Paola Berrios Jimenez gabrielle Kowkabany Reed A Popp Kyle Popp Emmanuel Gabriel Department of Surgery Medical Academy Named after SI Georgievsky of Vernadsky Crimean Federal UniversitySimferopol 295015CrimeaRussia Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Department of SurgeryUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32608United States Department of Surgery Aga Khan UniversityKarachi 74800SindhPakistan Department of Surgery Government Medical College and HospitalChandigarh 160030PunjabIndia Department of Surgery University of Puerto Rico School of MedicineSan Juan 00921Puerto Rico Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of AlabamaTuscaloosaAL 35487United States Department of Surgery University of Florida College of MedicineGainesvilleFL 32610United States Department of Surgery Florida State UniversityTallahasseeFL 32306United States Department of Surgery Mayo ClinicJacksonvilleFL 32224United States

This editorial commented on an article in the World Journal of Gastroenterology titled“Risks of Reactivation of Hepatitis B Virus in Oncological Patients Using Tyrosine Kinase-Inhibitors:Case Report and Literature Analysis”by Colapietro et *** this editorial,we focused on providing a more comprehensive exploration of hepatitis B virus reactivation(HBVr)associated with the usage of tyrosine kinase inhibitors(TKIs).It includes insights into the mechanisms underlying HBV reactivation,the temporal relationship between TKIs and HBV reactivation,and preventive *** aim is to understand the need for nucleos(t)ide analogs(NAT)and serial blood tests for early recognition of reactivation and acute liver injury,along with management *** are considered to be an intermediate(1%-10%)of *** guidelines stipulate that patients receiving therapy with high or moderate risks of reactivation or recent cancer diagnosis must have at least tested hepatitis B surface antigen,anti-hepatitis B core antigen(HBc),and anti-hepatitis B surface ***-HBc screening in highly endemic areas means people with negative tests should be vaccinated against *** or nucleotide analogs(NAs)like entecavir(ETV),tenofovir disoproxil fumarate(TDF),and tenofovir alafenamide(TAF)form the basis of HBV reactivation prophylaxis and treatment during ***,lamivudine,telbivudine,and adefovir are generally discouraged due to their reduced antiviral efficacy and higher risk of fostering drug-resistant viral ***,these less effective NAs may still be utilized in cases where ETV,TDF,and TAF are not feasible treatment options.

关键词： Hepatitis B virus Reactivation Chronic hepatitis B Tyrosine-kinase inhibitor Immunomodulators Immunosuppressant Nucleoside analogue Hemato-oncology

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Association of Hypertension and Plant-based Dietary Patterns on Cognitive Impairment: A Nationwide Cohort Study in China

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Fang Liang Jialin Fu gabrielle Turner-McGrievy Yechuang Wang Kai Ding Jing Zeng Justin B Moore Rui Li Chengdu High-tech Zone Center for Diseases Control and Prevention School of Public Health， Wuhan University Department of Implementation Science， Division of Public Health Sciences， Wake Forest School of Medicine Department of Health Promotion， Education， and Behavior Arnold School of Public Health， University of South Carolina Columbia， SC USA School of Nursing， Wuhan University

This study investigated the association of hypertension with cognitive impairment and determined whether better adherence to plant-based diet (PBD) patterns may modify the association. We analyzed 4485 elderly individuals with normal cognition at baseline from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (2011-2018). Cognitive function was assessed by the Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE)， and cognitive impairment was defined as an MMSE score below 18 points. Diet patterns were assessed using the overall plant-based diet index (PDI)， healthful plant-based diet index (hPDI)， and unhealthful plant-based diet index (uPDI) derived from a simplified food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Blood pressure was measured through physical examination. Cox proportional hazard regression and restricted cubic spline were performed. Participants with hypertension had an increased risk of cognitive impairment compared with normal group. The associations between hypertension and cognitive impairment were more pronounced among participants with lower PDI than those with higher PDI， among participants with lower hPDI than those with higher hPDI， and among participants with higher uPDI than those with lower uPDI. A healthful PBD pattern may attenuate hypertension-induced cognitive impairment， while an unhealthful PBD pattern may exacerbate hypertension-induced cognitive impairment in elderly. Adherence to healthful PBD pattern could be used to prevent or mitigate adverse neurological effects in the hypertensive population.

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The Support Systems and Coping Strategies of Infertile Women Attending the Out-Patient Consultation Unit of CHRACERH Yaoundé, Cameroon: A Cross-Sectional Study

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第6期14卷 869-887页

作者： Emenguele Pascale Mpono Fidelia Mbi Kobenge gabrielle Laure Mengne Etienne Belinga Jean Marie Kasia Thomas Obinchemti Egbe Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology CHRACERH Yaound Yaound Cameroon Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaound 1 Yaound Cameroon Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty of Health Sciences University of Bamenda Bamenda Cameroon Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Douala General Hospital Douala Cameroon Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon

Background: Infertility is a complex disorder with significant psycho-social and economic consequences. It globally affects 10% - 15% of couples. In Cameroon, little is known about what women do to overcome the psychosocial aspects of the disease. Objectives: This study aimed to identify the support systems and coping strategies of infertile women attending the outpatient consultation unit of the Gynaecological Endoscopic Surgery and Reproductive Teaching Hospital (CHRACERH), Yaoundé, Cameroon. Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from the 14th of March to the 6th of April 2023 at CHRACERH Yaoundé. A total of 190 participants were recruited using a convenience sampling method. Data regarding socio-demographic characteristics, support systems and coping strategies were collected using a pretested questionnaire. Descriptive and analytic statistics were conducted using SPSS version 25. Results: The mean age of participants was 39.52 ± 7.64 years. The majority 78.9% of participants were workers (public, private sector, or traders) and were Christians 95.8%. The most common source of psychological support was from family 76.8 and husbands 72.63%. Most of the participants 89.5% resorted to prayer and getting busy 48.4% as a coping strategy. There was no statistically significant relationship between coping strategies and psychological disorders p > 0.05. Conclusion: The main support system of participants was family, husband, and friends. Prayer, getting busy and adoption were the most common coping strategies. There is a need for the Ministry of Public Health and other stakeholders to put in place other support systems and coping strategies (FELICIA) used elsewhere and provide adequate health education and infection control to prevent infertility in Cameroon.

关键词： Infertility Coping Strategies Support Systems Mental Health Women

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In silico prospective analysis of the medicinal plants activity on the CagA oncoprotein from Helicobacter pylori

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2024年第5期15卷 653-663页

作者： Rafaela Viana Vieira gabrielle Caroline Peiter Fabrício Freire de Melo Ana Carla Zarpelon-Schutz Kádima Nayara Teixeira Universidade Federal do Paraná Campus ToledoToledo 85919-899Brazil Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná Campus ToledoParaná85902-490Brazil Universidade Federal da Bahia Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde-Campus Anísio TeixeiraVitória da Conquista 45029-094Brazil Universidade Federal do Paraná-Setor Palotina Programa de Pós-graduação em BiotecnologiaPalotina 85950-000Brazil

BACKGROUND Colonization with Helicobacter pylori(***)has a strong correlation with gastric cancer,and the virulence factor CagA is implicated in *** have been conducted using medicinal plants with the aim of eliminating the pathogen;however,the possibility of blocking ***-induced cell differentiation to prevent the onset and/or progression of tumors has not been *** type of study is expensive and time-consuming,requiring in vitro and/or in vivo tests,which can be solved using ***,prospective computational analyses were conducted to assess the feasibility of interaction between phenolic compounds from medicinal plants and the CagA *** To perform a computational prospecting of the interactions between phenolic compounds from medicinal plants and the CagA oncoprotein of *** In this in silico study,the structures of the phenolic compounds(ligands)kaempferol,myricetin,quercetin,ponciretin(flavonoids),and chlorogenic acid(phenolic acid)were selected from the PubChem *** phenolic compounds were chosen based on previous studies that suggested medicinal plants as non-drug treatments to eliminate *** *** three-dimensional structure model of the CagA oncoprotein of ***(receptor)was obtained through molecular modeling using computational tools from the I-Tasser platform,employing the threading *** primary sequence of CagA was sourced from GenBank(BAK52797.1).A screening was conducted to identify binding sites in the structure of the CagA oncoprotein that could potentially interact with the ligands,utilizing the GRaSP online *** the ligands and receptor were prepared for molecular docking using AutoDock Tools 4(ADT)software,and the simulations were carried out using a combination of ADT and AutoDock Vina v.1.2.0 *** sets of simulations were performed:One involving the central region of CagA with phenolic compounds,and another involvi

关键词： CagA oncoprotein Phenolic compounds Helicobacter pylori In silico analyses Medicinal plants Prospective analysis

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Multi-Compartment SCFA Quantification in Human

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2024年第6期15卷 177-200页

作者： Jérémy Monteiro Antoine Lefèvre Diane Dufour-Rainfray Adeline Oury gabrielle Chicheri Laurent Galineau Hélène Blasco Lydie Nadal-Desbarats Patrick Emond Imaging Brain & Neuropsychiatry iBraiN U1253 Universit de Tours INSERM MetaboHub Tours Tours France CHRU de Tours Service de Mdecine Nuclaire in Vitro Tours France Service de Biochimie et Biologie Molculaire CHRU Tours France

Short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) play an important role in human biochemistry. They originate primarily from the digestive system through carbohydrates microbial fermentation. Most SCFA produced in the colon are absorbed by the intestinal wall and enter the bloodstream to be distributed throughout the body for multiple purposes. At the intestinal level, SCFA play a role in controlling fat storage and fatty acid metabolism. The effects of these beneficial compounds therefore concern overall health. They facilitate energy expenditure and are valuable allies in the fight against obesity and diabetes. SCFA are also involved in the regulation of the levels of several neurotransmitters such as GABA (γ-aminobutyric acid), glutamate, serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine. Their role is also highlighted in many inflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) or Parkinson’s disease (PD). To have a realistic picture of the distribution of SCFA in different biological compartments of the human body, we propose to study SCFA simultaneously in five human biological samples: feces, saliva, serum, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and urine, as well as in Dried Blood Spot (DBS). To evaluate their concentration and repeatability, we used 10 aliquots from pooled samples, analyzed by 3-nitrophenylhydrazine (3-NPH) derivation and liquid chromatography coupled with high sensitivity mass spectrometry (LC-QqQ-MS). We also evaluated the SCFA assay on Dried Blood Spot (DBS). In this work, we adapted the pre-analytical parts for each sample to be able to use a common calibration curve, thus facilitating multi-assay quantification studies and so being less time-consuming. Moreover, we proposed new daughter ions from the same neutral loss (43 Da) to quantify SCFAs, thus improving the sensitivity. In conclusion, our methodology, based on a unique calibration curve for all samples for each SCFA, is well-suited to quantified them in a clinical context.

关键词： LC-MS 3-Nitrophenylhydrazine Short-Chain Fatty Acids Human Biological Samples Quantification

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Retinoblastoma: The Situation in Burkina Faso over Ten Years

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Open Journal of Ophthalmology 2024年第3期14卷 175-195页

作者： Amadou Ouattara Anicet Corneille Beremwidougou Paté Sankara Mariam Traore Dolo Tierinyê Armand Meda Windinmanégdé Pierre Djiguimde Rolande Kabore Chantal gabrielle Bouda Gertrude Augustine Meda Hien Jerome Sanou Jean Wenceslas Diallo Ahgbatouhabeba Zabsonre Ahnoux Ophthalmology Department Regional University Hospital of Ouahigouya Ouahigouya Burkina Faso Regional University Hospital of Ouahigouya Ouahigouya Burkina Faso National Center for the Fight against Blindness Ouagadougou Burkina Faso University Hospital of Sour Sanou Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Nouna District Hospital Nouna Burkina Faso University Hospital of Bogodogo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso University Hospital of Yalgado Ouedraogo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Context: In Burkina Faso, there is only one retinoblastoma treatment center located in the capital. Nowadays, the treatment of retinoblastoma has benefited from the contribution of scientific progress. Objective: The aim was to take stock of the situation of retinoblastoma in the pediatric oncology department from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2019. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection over a 10-year period, based on records of patients admitted to pediatric oncology department of CHU-YO. Data were analysed using CS Pro version 7.2 software. Categorical variables were compared using Pearsons Chi-square test at the 5% significance level. Overall survival was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Operational definitions were used for lost to follow-up, consultation and diagnosis delays. Results: We collected a total of 204 cases in 10 years, i.e. an annual average of 20.4 cases/year. The mean age at diagnosis was 37.5 months for unilateral cases and 26.4 months for bilateral cases. Male predominance was noted, with a sex ratio of 1.31. The majority of patients came from disadvantaged backgrounds (72% farming fathers and 91% housewives). Clinically, leukocoria and exophthalmos were the main presenting features. The average time to consultation was long (8.73 months) and unilateral localization was predominantly unilateral at 77%. In terms of treatment, 102 patients were eligible for curative treatment and 80 for palliative treatment. The prognosis was poor, with 41% death and numerous cases of lost to follow-up (18%). Overall survival was estimated at 32%. The factor associated with the lethality of retiniblastoma was the extension of the tumor to other organs. Conclusion: Recognition of the early clinical signs of retinoblastoma can anticipate the occurrence of this cancer. Health professionals should be encouraged to perform the Buckner test every time they come into contact with children aged 0 t

关键词： Retinoblastoma Prognosis Pediatric Oncology CHU-YO Burkina Faso

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脑静脉血栓形成的诊断和处理美国心脏协会／美国卒中协会对医疗专业人员的声明

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国际脑血管病杂志 2011年第10期19卷 724-757页

作者： Gustavo Saposnik Femando Barinagarrementeria Robert D. Brown Cheryl D. Bushnell Brett Cucchiara Mary Cushman gabrielle deveber Jose M. Ferro Fong Y. Tsai 张沈阳（译）韩丽娟（译）叶丹（译）徐运（译）不详南京医科大学鼓楼临床学院 210008 南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院神经内科 210008

背景本指南旨在对脑静脉窦血栓形成（cerebral venous sinus thrombosis，CVT）进行概述，并提供其诊断、处理和治疗的推荐意见，目标读者为涉及CVT患者诊断和处理的临床医生和其他医疗工作者。方法和结果作为不同专业领域的代表，专家... 详细信息

背景本指南旨在对脑静脉窦血栓形成（cerebral venous sinus thrombosis，CVT）进行概述，并提供其诊断、处理和治疗的推荐意见，目标读者为涉及CVT患者诊断和处理的临床医生和其他医疗工作者。方法和结果作为不同专业领域的代表，专家小组成员由美国心脏协会（American Heart Association，AHA）卒中委员会科学声明监督委员会任命。专家小组回顾了相关文献，重点为1966年以来公开发表的报道，并使用AHA证据水平分级方案对证据进行评定并制定推荐意见。本指南经专家小组认可后，由AHA科学咨询和协调委员会进行同行评议并批准。结论本指南为CVT的诊断、处理和复发的预防提供了循证推荐，同时还提供了妊娠期妇女和儿童CVT评估和处理的推荐意见，对临床并发症（痫性发作、脑积水、颅内压增高和神经功能恶化）的处理进行了总结，并描述了CVT患者诊断和治疗的流程图。

关键词：美国心脏协会科学声明静脉血栓形成静脉窦血栓形成,颅内脑梗死,静脉卒中疾病管理预后转归评价抗凝药妊娠儿童

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The unique role of innate lymphoid cells in cancer and the hepatic microenvironment

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2022年第9期19卷 1012-1029页

作者： Sophie Curio gabrielle T.Belz The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute Faculty of MedicineThe University of QueenslandWoolloongabbaQLD4102Australia

Cancer is a complex disease,and despite incredible progress over the last decade,it remains the leading cause of death *** cancers,including hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),and liver metastases are distinct from other cancers in that they typically emerge as a consequence of long-term low-grade *** the mechanisms that underpin inflammation-driven tissue remodeling of the hepatic immune environment is likely to provide new insights into much needed treatments for this devastating *** 1 innate lymphoid cells(ILCs),which include natural killer(NK)cells and ILC1s,are particularly enriched in the liver and thought to contribute to the pathogenesis of a number of liver diseases,including *** cells are an attractive,but underexplored,therapeutic target in hepatic disease due to their role in immunosurveillance and their ability to recognize and eliminate malignant ***1s are closely related to and share many phenotypic features with NK cells but are less well ***,their utility in immunotherapeutic approaches is not yet well ***,we review our current understanding of ILCs in cancer with a particular focus on liver and liver-related diseases.

关键词： Inflammation Tumor ILC subsets Cytokines Progenitors

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