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作者： Marcela Fogaca Vieira Renata Reis gabriela costa chaves 胡安琪圣保罗大学巴西艾滋病联合会巴西艾滋病联合会(ABIA) 国家知识产权局条法司

本文阐述了巴西的知识产权制度及其与国家艾滋病药品普遍可及性政策之间的关系。文章还介绍了巴西民间社会团体(GTPI/REBRIP)的核心工作策略——抓住主要问题、应对挑战。

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巴西、泰国持续获得抗逆转录病毒治疗的经验

巴西、泰国持续获得抗逆转录病毒治疗的经验

Deficit Irrigation as a Strategy to Save Water:Physiology and Potential Application to Horticulture

作者： Nathan Ford David Wilson gabriela costa chaves Michel Lotrowska Kannikar Kijtiwatchakul 韩志杰泰国曼谷Me’decins Sans Frontie’res 巴西 Me decins Sans Frontie’res Rio de Janeiro 国家知识产权局条法司

持续增长的获得可负担的抗逆转录病毒治疗药物(ART)的需求,使发展中国家继续面临着许多挑战。巴西、泰国是少数实现了能够普遍获得ART的发展中国家。这两个国家的成功依赖于三个积极的因素:使患者普遍获得ART的立法保证,公共机构生产药...

持续增长的获得可负担的抗逆转录病毒治疗药物(ART)的需求,使发展中国家继续面临着许多挑战。巴西、泰国是少数实现了能够普遍获得ART的发展中国家。这两个国家的成功依赖于三个积极的因素:使患者普遍获得ART的立法保证,公共机构生产药品的能力,以及强大的公众团体通过行动批评获得药品机会的缺失和支持政府改善药品的获得。本文着眼于这两个国家为改善获取关键的抗逆转录病毒药品所采取的策略,并介绍了其相关的成就,从而为我们将来的工作提供成功的因素。

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2007年第10期49卷 1421-1434页

作者： J.Miguel costa Maria F.Ortuo M.Manuela chaves InstitutoSuperior de Agronomia Universidade Técnica de LisboaTapada da Ajuda1349-017 LisboaPortugal Laboratório de Ecofisiologia MolecularInstituto de Tecnologia Química e BiológicaApartado 1272780-901 OeirasPortugal Instituto

Water is an increasingly scarce resource worldwide and irrigated agriculture remains one of the largest and most inefficient users of this resource. Low water use efficiency （WUE） together with an increased competition for water resources with other sectors （e.g. tourism or industry） are forcing growers to adopt new irrigation and cultivation practices that use water more judiciously. In areas with dry and hot climates, drip irrigation and protected cultivation have improved WUE mainly by reducing runoff and evapotranspiration losses. However, complementary approaches are still needed to increase WUE in irrigated agriculture. Deficit irrigation strategies like regulated deficit irrigation or partial root drying have emerged as potential ways to increase water savings in agriculture by allowing crops to withstand mild water stress with no or only marginal decreases of yield and quality. Grapevine and several fruit tree crops seem to be well adapted to deficit irrigation, but other crops like vegetables tend not to cope so well due to losses in yield and quality. This paper aims at providing an overview of the physiological basis of deficit irrigation strategies and their potential for horticulture by describing the major consequences of their use to vegetative growth, yield and quality of different crops （fruits, vegetables and ornamentals）.

关键词： deficit irrigation horticulture partial rootzone drying regulated deficit irrigation water saving.

Initial discovery of microplastic pollution in Mnemiopsis leidyi(Ctenophora:Lobata)

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Water Biology and Security 2023年第2期2卷 43-48页

作者： Mariana Beatriz Paz Otegui gabriela Carvalho Zamprogno Enrique Ronald Yapuchura Ocaris Mercia Barcellos da costa Institute of Biodiversity and Applied Experimental Biology Buenos Aires UniversityArgentina Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Microplastic Analysis/Laboratory of Research and Methodologies Development for Petroleum Analysis Chemistry DepartmentFederal University of Espírito SantoBrazil Universidad Tecnologica del Perú Peru Laboratory of Carbon and Ceramic Materials Department of PhysicsFederal University of Espírito SantoBrazil

The production of plastics has exponentially increased over time such that the observation of microplastics in the oceans has become a major concern given how frequently these particles and marine biota may *** can be ingested by diverse species,including invertebrates,which can lead to physical damage due to their small size and potentially chemical damage related to the ingestion of monomers,polymeric additives,or adsorbed *** study reports on the first evidence of microplastics in Mnemiopsis *** were described by type,quantified,and had their chemical composition *** total,328 samples of microplastic(MP)candidates were observed:blue fibers were the most abundant,followed by black,red,and green fibers as well as blue *** types of microplastics were chemically identified as polyurethane,unplasticized polyvinylchloride,and polyethylene ***,this study demonstrated that Mnemiopsis leidyi have the capacity to incorporate *** more studies are needed,Mnemiopsis leidyi is relatively abundant on the Atlantic coast and should be recommended for use as a bioindicator for microplastics.

关键词： Ctenophore Digested tissues Gelatinous zooplankton Polymers Raman spectroscopy Sea invertebrates

Impact of tacrolimus intra-patient variability in adverse outcomes after organ transplantation

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World Journal of Transplantation 2023年第5期13卷 254-263页

作者： Maria Clara Morais Maria Eduarda Soares gabriela costa Laura Guerra Nayana Vaz Liana Codes Paulo Lisboa Bittencourt School of Medicine Bahiana School of Medicine and Public HealthSalvador 40290-000BahiaBrazil School of Medicine Federal University of BahiaSalvador 40110-100BahiaBrazil Unit of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Portuguese HospitalSalvador 40130-030BahiaBrazil

Tacrolimus(Tac)is currently the most common calcineurin-inhibitor employed in solid organ *** intra-patient variability(IPV)of Tac(Tac IPV)has been associated with an increased risk of immune-mediated rejection and poor outcomes after kidney *** data are available concerning the impact of high Tac IPV in non-kidney ***,even in kidney transplantation,there is still a controversy whether high Tac IPV is indeed detrimental in respect to graft and/or patient *** may be due to different methods employed to evaluate IPV and distinct time frames adopted to assess graft and patient survival in those reports published up to now in the *** is also known about the influence of high Tac IPV in the development of other untoward adverse events,update of the current knowledge regarding the impact of Tac IPV in different outcomes following kidney,liver,heart,lung,and pancreas tran-splantation to better evaluate its use in clinical practice.

关键词： Tacrolimus Intra-patient variability Rejection Organ transplantation Graft survival Outcomes

Antibiofilm and immunomodulatory resorbable nanofibrous filing for dental pulp regenerative procedures

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Bioactive Materials 2022年第10期7卷 173-186页

作者： Mauricio Gonçalves da costa Sousa gabriela Conceiçao de Almeida Danilo Cesar Martins Mota Rosiane Andrade da costa Simoni Campos Dias Samuel Nunes Limberger Frank Ko Li Ting Lin Evan FHaney Hashem Etayash Beverlie Baquir Michael J.Trimble Ya Shen Zheng Su Markus Haapasalo Daniel Pletzer Letícia chaves de Souza Glaucia Schuindt Teixeira Renato M.Silva Robert E.W.Hancock Octavio Luiz Franco Taia Maria Berto Rezende Post-Graduation Program in Genomic Sciences and Biotechnology Catholic University of BrasíliaBrasíliaBrazil Dentistry Course Catholic University of BrasíliaBrasíliaBrazil Post-Graduation Program in Health Sciences University of BrasíliaBrazil LIMA Chemistry InstituteUniversity of Brasília-UNBBrasíliaBrazil Animal Biology Department Campus Darcy RibeiroUniversidade de BrasíliaBrazil Department of Materials Engineering Faculty of Applied ScienceUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverCanada Department of Microbiology and Immunology University of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences Faculty of DentistryUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverCanada Department of Microbiology and Immunology University of OtagoDunedinNew Zealand Department of Endodontics School of DentistryUniversity of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHoustonUSA Department of Prosthesis Faculty of DentistryRio de Janeiro State UniversityRio de JaneiroBrazil Post-Graduation Program in Biotechnology Catholic University Dom BoscoCampo GrandeMato Grosso do SulBrazil

Multifunctional scaffolds with host defense peptides designed for regenerative endodontics are desirable nanobiotechnological tools for ***,different scaffolds were tested for use during the pulp revascularization process,including poly(vinyl alcohol)-PVA hydrogels or resins,collagen hydrogels and poly(vinyl alcohol)PVA/Chitosan(PVA/CS)*** on time to degradation(21 days),nanofibers were chosen to be incorporated with ciprofloxacin and IDR-1002(each at 50 mg/g).Nanofibers containing ciprofloxacin and IDR-1002 had anti-biofilm activity against Enterococcus faecalis,Staphylococcus aureus and a multispecies oral biofilm,besides anti-inflammatory *** in vivo subcutaneous tissue response to tooth fragments filled with nanofibers demonstrated a pulp-like tissue formation,when compared to empty teeth ***,we designed a strong antimicrobial,immunomodulatory and regenerative candidate for pulp revascularization and regeneration procedures.

关键词： Regenerative endodontics Scaffolds Nanofibers Host defense peptides Ciprofloxacin IDR-1002

Improvement of Somatic Cervical Pain and Disability after the Application of a Portable TENS Device

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2016年第10期9卷 451-459页

作者： gabriela R. Lauretti Marcelo Antunes Veridiana Marques Rebello Zuccolotto Rogério costa Franco School of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto University of Sao Paulo Sao Paulo Brazil

Background: Cervical facet joints and neck muscles are common nociceptive pain generator, with neck and shoulder muscles pain, and limited retroflexion. Objective: To test the hypothesis that the portable TENS device would relieve cervical somatic pain. Methods: Forty-four patients with chronic cervical pain patients with somatic pain, but without radicular symptoms were evaluated in a double-blind, prospective, randomized fashion, divided into sham and active groups. The active TENS (TANYXò) or sham device was placed over C7-T1 spinous process, perpendicular to the spine, for 20 min at 12-hour interval during 3 days. The two groups were: placebo group (PG), with a sham device and the active TENS group (TG), which produced a mixed (85 Hz) frequency of stimulation, conventional, and burst. Diclofenac up to three times daily was available. Efficacy measures were pain relief, rescue analgesics and neck disability. Results: The active TENS device induced pain relief after its first application, which persisted during the 3-day treatment. By the end of the TENS application, the capability of rotation, lateral extension and retroflexion was improved (p < 0.05). The pain score and rescue analgesics consumption reduced in the TG (p < 0.01, p < 0.05, respectively), and the mean pain score dropped from 8 to 3 points (p < 0.01). There were no adverse events. Conclusions: Somatic cervical pain and disability improved after active TENS application during the three consecutive days, which persisted upon the 1-month reevaluation.

关键词： Cervical Somatic Pain Neck Disability TENS

Leukocytoclastic vasculitis caused by hepatitis C virus in a liver transplant recipient: A case report

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World Journal of Hepatology 2019年第4期11卷 402-408页

作者： Gustavo de Sousa Arantes Ferreira Andre Luis Conde Watanabe Natalia de Carvalho Trevizoli Fernando Marcus Felippe Jorge Luiz Gustavo Guedes Diaz Milla Carolina costa Lafeta Araujo gabriela de Campos Araujo Amanda de Castro Machado Department of Liver Transplantation Instituto de Cardiologia do Distrito Federal Curso de Medicina Universidade Catolica de Brasilia

BACKGROUND Infection by the hepatitis C virus(HCV) is currently considered to be a global health issue, with a high worldwide prevalence and causing chronic disease in afflicted individuals. The disease largely involves the liver but it can affect other organs, including the skin. While leukocytoclastic vasculitis has been reported as one of the dermatologic manifestations of HCV infection, there are no reports of this condition as the first symptom of HCV recurrence after liver *** SUMMARY We report here a case of leukocytoclastic vasculitis in a liver transplant recipient on maintenance immunosuppression. The condition presented as a palpable purpura in both lower extremities. Blood and urine cultures were negative and all biochemical tests were normal, excepting evidence of anemia and hypocomplementemia. Imaging examination by computed tomography showed a small volume of ascites, diffuse thickening of bowel walls, and a small bilateral pleural effusion. Skin biopsy showed leukocytoclasia and fibrinoid *** biopsy was suggestive of HCV recurrence in the graft, and HCV polymerase chain reaction yielded 11460 copies/mL and identified the genotype as 1 A. Treatment of the virus with a 12-wk direct-acting antiviral regimen of ribavirin, sofosbuvir and daclatasvir led to regression of the symptoms within the first 10 d and subsequent complete resolution of the *** This case highlights the difficulties of diagnosing skin lesions caused by HCVinfection in immunosuppressed patients.

关键词： Hepatitis C Liver transplantation Leukocytoclastic vasculitis Immunosuppression Direct-acting antivirals Case report

Postural Balance in the Elderly with Mild Cognitive Impairment: Relationship to Accidental Falls

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Open Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation 2016年第2期4卷 67-75页

作者： Josélia Braz dos Santos Ferreira Selma Petra chaves Sá Rosimere Ferreira Santana Ana Maria Domingos Juliana Peres da costa Pereira Luciana Krauss Rezende The Antô nioPedro Hospital/UFF/Niterói The Miguel Pedro Municipal Hospital of Geriatrics and Gerontology (SMS) Rio de Janeiro Brazil The Aurora Afonso costa Nursing School Fluminense Federal University (UFF) Niterói Brazil The AnaNeri Nursing School Federal University of Rio de Janeiro/UFRJ Rio de Janeiro Brazil The Estacio de Sa University The Redentor College Rio de Janeiro Brazil The Aurora Afonso costa Nursing School (UFF) Niterói Brazil

This study analyzed postural balance in the elderly with mild cognitive impairment and its relationship to accidental falls. A quantitative and quasi-experimental method was used in a sample of 43 elderlies between 64 and 88 years old, mostly females. Data collection was performed in two Basic Health Units in the city of Rio de Janeiro in 2014. The instruments used were the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Tinetti scale, Motor Scale for the Elderly (EMTI) scale, and Elderly Falls Diary. The data were analyzed with the SAS statistical software version 9.3.1. The scales were applied before and after the psychomotor interventions. A significant difference was observed between the evaluating moments. Balance improvements were observed in all age groups, suggesting that all elderlies, regardless of age, showed satisfactory responses to the implemented psychomotor activities. The elderlies who fell more frequently were those between 60 and 69 years old. It is noteworthy that the age group with the lowest incidence of falls was that of elderlies between 70 and 79 years old. It was concluded that psychomotor activities are beneficial, regardless of age, proving their effectiveness when continued stimuli with cognitive and psychomotor activities are carried out.

关键词： Postural Balance Accidental Falls Elderlies Mild Cognitive Impairment