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Prospects and limitations of soil amendment and irrigation techniques.for the water-saving public urban greenery and ephemeral weed management in the sandy soils of the United Arab Emirates

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Journal of Arid Land 2024年第9期16卷 1288-1302页

作者： Ayes.a ALAM Elke gabriel-NEUMANN Department of Integrative Agriculture College of Agriculture and Veterinary MedicineUnited Arab Emirates UniversityAl Ain 15551the United Arab Emirates AsPIRE Res.arch Institute of Food security in Drylands College of Agriculture and Veterinary MedicineUnited Arab Emirates UniversityAl Ain 15551the United Arab Emirates

Public urban greenery greatly contributes.to the res.dential and tourist value of cities.in the Gulf Region,but due to the hyper-arid climatic conditions,the cost of irrigation and plant maintenance is very *** strategies.to reduce the monetary and ecological costs involve the cultivation of native xerophytic plantations,and/or the use of soil improvers to increase water-and nutrient-holding capacity of the sandy *** soil improvers based on mineral,organic,or synthetic materials have entered the United Arab Emirates.UAE)market in recent years,but there is considerable uncertainty about how they should bes. be used in combination with ornamental plant stands involving xerophytic native *** pres.nt study inves.igated the effect of soil amendment and deep pipe irrigation on perennial ornamental plant stands involving native plants(Tephrosia appolinea(Gel.)Link in combination with Aerva javanica(Burm.f.)*** schult.)and native-exotic plants(*** in combination with Ruelia simplex ***)either or not topsoil and subsoil amendment with bentonite and hydrophobic sand under the irrigation water supply of les. than 50%of reference evapotranspiration(ET0).After one year of cultivation,*** and ***(native ***)produced high biomass and exhibited high water use efficiency(WUE)as compared with *** and ***(native ***)combination given that no significant differences.were found under the soil amendment *** stands thrived under irrigation water supply far below what is usually supplied to exotic ornamental stands in public parks of the Al Ain City,the ***,subsoil amendment in combination with deep pipe irrigation reduced the occurrence of weeds and increased the overall plant rooting *** res.lts sugges. that subsoil amendment and irrigation up to 60-80 cm depth can potentially control ephemeral weed infes.ation,which is a great challenge in various plant production systems of the

关键词： native and exotic plant communities competitive strength soil improvers urban plantation subsoil amendment weed management

Urea breath tes. for Helicobacter pylori infection in adult dyspeptic patients: A meta-analysis of diagnostic tes. accuracy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第6期30卷 579-598页

作者： Fabian Fellipe Bueno Lemos Caroline Tianeze de Castro Marcel silva Luz gabriel Reis Rocha gabriel Lima Correa santos Luís Guilherme de Oliveira silva Mariana santos Calmon Cláudio Lima souza Ana Carla Zarpelon-schutz Kádima Nayara Teixeira Dulciene Maria de Magalhães.Queiroz Fabrício Freire de Melo Instituto Multidisciplinar em saúde Universidade Federal da BahiaVitória da Conquista 45029-094BahiaBrazil Instituto de saúde Coletiva Universidade Federal da BahiaSalvador 40110040BahiaBrazil Campus Toledo Universidade Federal do ParanáToledo 85919-899ParanáBrazil Laboratory of Res.arch in Bacteriology UFMGBelo Horizonte 30130-100Minas GeraisBrazil

BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori(***)infection has been well-es.ablished as a significant risk factor for several gastrointes.inal *** urea breath tes.(UBT)has emerged as a leading non-invasive method for detecting *** numerous studies.confirming its substantial accuracy,the reliability of UBT res.lts is often compromised by inherent *** findings underscore the need for a rigorous statistical synthes.s to clarify and reconcile the diagnostic accuracy of the UBT for the diagnosis of *** *** To determine and compare the diagnostic accuracy of 13C-UBT and 14C-UBT for *** infection in adult patients with *** We conducted an independent search of the PubMed/MEDLINE,EMBAsE,and Cochrane Central databases.until April *** search included diagnostic accuracy studies.that evaluated at least one of the index tes.s(^(13)C-UBT or ^(14)C-UBT)against a reference *** used the QUADAs-2 tool to asses. the methodo-logical quality of the *** utilized the bivariate random-effects model to calculate sensitivity,specificity,positive and negative tes. likelihood ratios(LR+and LR-),as well as the diagnostic odds ratio(DOR),and their 95%confidence *** conducted subgroup analyses.based on urea dos.ng,time after urea administration,and asses.ment *** inves.igate a possible thres.old effect,we conducted spearman correlation analysis,and we generated summary receiver operating characteristic(sROC)curves.to asses. ***,we visually inspected a funnel plot and used Egger’s tes. to evaluate publication *** both as reliable diagnostic tools in clinical *** In summary,our study has demonstrated that ^(13)C-UBT has been found to outperform the ^(14)C-UBT,making it the preferred diagnostic ***,our res.lts emphasize the significance of carefully considering urea dosage,asses.ment timing,and measurement techniques.for both tes.s to enh

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Urea breath tes. Diagnosis Diagnostic tes. accuracy Meta-analysis

Magnetopause properties.at the dusk magnetospheric flank from global magnetohydrodynamic simulations,the kinetic Vlasov equilibrium,and in situ observations--Potential implications for sMILE

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 222-233页

作者： Marius Echim Costel Munteanu gabriel Voitcu Eliza Teodores.u Institute of space science Măgurele 077125Romania Royal Belgian Institute for space Aeronomy 1180 BrusselsBelgium solar-Terres.rial Centre of Excellence(sTCE) 1180 BrusselsBelgium

We derived the properties.of the terres.rial magnetopause(MP)from two modeling approaches.one global–fluid,the other local–kinetic,and compared the res.lts with data collected in situ by the Magnetospheric Multiscale 2(MMs2)*** used global magnetohydrodynamic(MHD)simulations of the Earth’s magnetosphere(publicly available from the NAsA-CCMC[National Aeronautics and space Administration–Community Coordinated Modeling Center])and local Vlasov equilibrium models(based on kinetic models for tangential discontinuities.to extract spatial profiles.of the plasma and field variables.at the Earth’s *** global MHD simulations used initial solar wind conditions extracted from the OMNI database at the time epoch when the MMs2 observes.the *** kinetic Vlasov model used asymptotic boundary conditions derived from the same in situ MMs measurements upstream or downstream of the *** global MHD simulations provide a three-dimensional image of the magnetosphere at the time when the MMs2 crosses.the *** Vlasov model provides.a one-dimensional local view of the MP derived from first principles.of kinetic *** MMs2 experimental data also serve as a reference for comparing and validating the numerical simulations and *** found that the MP transition layer formed in global MHD simulations was generally localized closer to the Earth(roughly by one Earth radius)from the position of the real MP observed by the *** also found that the global MHD simulations overes.imated the thicknes. of the MP transition by one order of magnitude for three analyzed variables.magnetic field,density,and tangential *** MP thicknes. derived from the local Vlasov equilibrium was consistent with observations for all three of thes. *** overes.imation of density in the Vlasov equilibrium was reduced compared with the global MHD *** discuss our res.lts in the context of future sMILE(solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer)campaigns for observing

关键词： magnetopause magnetohydrodynamic numerical simulations Vlasov equilibrium Magnetospheric Multiscale observations

Renewable Polymers in Biomedical Applications:From the Bench to the Market

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2024年第4期12卷 643-666页

作者： Rauany Cristina Lopes.Tamires.Nossa Wilton Rogério Lustri gabriel Lombardo Maria Inés Errea Eliane Trovatti Department of Health and Biological sciences University of Araraquara—UNIARAAraraquara14801-340Brazil Laboratory of Materials(LabMat)and Laboratory of Biopolymers(LaBioPol) Federal Institute of EducationScience and Technology of São Paulo Campus Itapetininga(IFSP)Itapetininga18.202‑000Brazil Instituto Tecnológico de Buenos Aires Cidade Autônoma de Buenos AiresC1437FBCArgentina Conselho Nacional de Pes.uisas Científicas e Técnicas(CONICET) Cidade Autônoma de Buenos AiresC1425FQBArgentina Tecnologia YPF(Y-TEC) BerissoBuenos Aires1923Argentina

Polymers from renewable res.urces.have been used for a long time in biomedical applications and found an irreplaceable role in some of *** uses.have been increas.ng because of their attractive properties.contributing to the improvement of life quality,mainly in drug release systems and in regenerative *** us.ng natural polymer,nano and microscale particles.preparation,composites.blends and chemical modification strategies.have been used to improve their properties.for clinical *** many studies.have been carried out with thes. natural polymers,the way to reach the market is long and only very few of them become commercially *** cellulose,bacterial cellulose,chitosan,poly(lactic acid)and starch can be found among the most studied polymers for biological applications,some with several derivatives.already es.ablished in the market,and others with potential for *** this scenario this work aims to des.ribe the properties.and potential of thes. renewable polymers for biomedical applications,the routes.from the bench to the market,and the perspectives.for future developments.

关键词： Polymers renewable biomedical applications market

A short climatology of black and brown carbon and their sources.at a suburban site impacted by smoke in Brazil

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2024年第2期136卷 498-511页

作者： Admir Cres. Targino Patricia Krecl gabriel Yoshikazu Oukawa Eva Maria Mollinedo Graduate Program in Environmental Engineering Federal University of TechnologyAv.Pioneiros 3131LondrinaPR 86036-370Brazil Department of Environmental Engineering Federal University of TechnologyAv.Pioneiros 3131LondrinaPR 86036-370Brazil

Emissions from biomass burning challenge efforts to curb air pollution in cities.downwind of fire-prone regions,as they contribute large amounts of brown carbon(Br C)and black carbon(BC)*** inves.igated the patterns of Br C and BC concentrations us.ng Aethalometer data(atλ=370 and 880 nm,res.ectively)spanning four years at a site impacted by the outflow of *** data required to be post proces.ed for the shadowing effect since,without correction,concentrations would be between 29%and 35%*** Br C concentrations were consistently higher than the BC concentrations,indicating the prevalence of aerosols from biomass *** res.lts were supported by the Angstrom coefficient(A_(370/880)),with values.predominantly larger than 1(mean±standard deviation:1.25±0.31).A_(370/880)values.below 1 were more prevalent during the wet season,which sugges.s a contribution from fossil fuel *** observed sharp Br C and BC seasonal signals,with mean minimum concentrations of 0.40μg/m^(3)and 0.36μg/m^(3),res.ectively,in the wet season,and mean maximum concentrations of 2.05μg/m^(3)and 1.53μg/m^(3)in the dry *** larges. concentrations were observed when northerly air masses.moved over regions with a high density of fire *** burning of res.dential solid waste and industrial combustion caused extreme Br C and BC concentrations under favourable wind *** neither pollutant is included in any ambient air quality standards,our res.lts sugges. that transboundary smoke may hamper efforts to meet the World Health Organization guidelines.for fine particles.

关键词： Light-absorbing carbonaceous matter Black carbon Wildfires Biomass burning Aethalometer

Experimental Exclusion of Guanaco Grazing Increases.Cover, Diversity, Land Function and Plant Recruitment in Patagonia

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第7期93卷 1383-1401页

作者： Carla Cepeda gabriel Oliva Daniela Ferrante INTA Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria Santa Cruz9400Rio GallegosArgentina Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral Santa Cruz9400Rio GallegosArgentina

semiarid Patagonia repres.nts 25%of the rangeland area in Argentina,and sheep overgrazing has degraded about a third of it in the *** this century,depleted domes.ic stocks have mostly stabilized,but Guanaco populations have *** native camelids share habitat and diets with sheep,but their effect on vegetation is poorly understood and has long been *** set up an exclusion experiment in Monte León and Cañadón Vaca,a semiarid shrubland grassland in southern Patagonia,currently grazed only by *** baselines.were studied in 2016 in twelve plots,and half of them were protected from guanaco ***-six plots were cleared to study *** was reasses.ed in 2021,and changes.were evaluated us.ng a paired *** protected plots,vegetation cover increased,bare soil diminished,and vegetated patches.grew in size,but the density of the patch-interpatch arrangement did not ***,measured by richnes. and the shan-non-Wiener(sW)index,grew signiﬁ*** recycling increased,as did the stability and Inﬁltration Land Function indexes.although thes. last differences.were not signiﬁ*** cover under guanaco grazing also increased,mainly due to the growth of dwarf shrubs,a typical tendency in sheep grazing-induced transitions in the *** patches.under grazing fragmented,res.lting in smaller patches.and denser patch struc-tures.while diversity and land function indexes.remained *** plants es.ablished in cleared plots without guanacos showed higher cover density and individual *** effects are similar to those observed in numerous experimental sheep *** grazing may thus prevent res.oration and contribute to the generalized land degradation proces.es.that overgrazing has been caus.ng in Patagonia for over a century.

关键词： Rangelands herbivory biodiversity overgrazing carrying capacity fauna

Quality asses.ment of surgery for colorectal cancer:Where do we stand?

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World Journal of Gastrointes.inal surgery 2024年第4期16卷 982-987页

作者： stefan Morarasu Cristian Livadaru gabriel-Mihail Dimofte The second Department of surgical Oncology Regional Institute of OncologyIasi 707483Romania

Quality assurance in surgery has been one of the most important topics of debate among colorectal surgeons in the past *** has produced new surgical standards that led in part to the impres.ive oncological outcomes.we see in many units *** mes.rectal excision,complete mes.colic excision(CME),and the Japanes. D3 lymphadenectomy are now benchmark techniques.embraced by many surgeons and widely recommended by surgical ***,there are still ongoing discrepancies.in outcomes.largely based on surgeon *** is one of the main reasons why many countries.have shifted colorectal cancer surgery only to high volume *** markers of surgical quality is thus a perquisite to ensure that standards and oncological outcomes.are met at an institutional *** the evolution of CME surgery,various quality markers have been des.ribed,mostly based on measurements on the surgical specimen and lymph node yield,while others have proposed radiological markers(*** stumps)measured on postoperative scans as part of the routine cancer *** is no ideal marker;however,taken together and assembled into a new score or set of criteria may become a future point of reference for reporting outcomes.of colorectal cancer surgery in res.arch studies.and defining subspecialization requirements both at an individual and hospital level.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Colon surgery Arterial stump Complete mes.colic excision surgical quality

Translating Pathological Brain Activity Primers in Parkinson’s Disease Res.arch

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Res.arch 2024年第1期2023卷 735-752页

作者： Daniela Mirzac svenja L.Kreis Heiko J.Luhmann gabriel Gonzalez-es.amilla sergiu Groppa Movement Disorders and Neurostimulation Department of NeurologyFocus Program Translational NeuroscienceRhine Main Neuroscience NetworkUniversity Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz55131 MainzGermany Institute of Physiology University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz55131 MainzGermany

Translational experimental approaches.that help us better trace Parkinson’s disease(PD)pathophysiological mechanisms leading to new therapeutic targets are urgently *** this article,we review recent experimental and clinical studies.addres.0} abnormal neuronal activity and pathological network oscillations,as well as their underlying mechanisms and *** aim is to enhance our knowledge about the progres.ion of Parkinson's disease pathology and the timing of its symptom’s ***,we pres.nt mechanistic insights relevant for the generation of aberrant oscillatory activity within the cortico-basal ganglia *** summarize recent achievements extrapolated from available PD animal models,discuss their advantages.and limitations,debate on their differential applicability,and sugges. approaches.for transferring knowledge on disease pathology into future res.arch and clinical applications.

关键词： clinical knowledge insight

An effective strategy to inhibit grain coarsening:Construction of multi-element co-segregated grain boundary complexion

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2024年第7期13卷 1060-1071页

作者： Le Fu gabriel Arcuri Wenjun Yu Bohan Wang Zihua Lei Ying Deng Kathryn Grandfield school of Material science and Engineering Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Canadian Centre for Electron Microscopy McMaster UniversityHamilton L8S 4L8Canada state Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Proces.0} School of Materials Science and EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of Materials science and Engineering McMaster UniversityHamilton L8S 4L8Canada

When exposed to moderate to high temperatures.nanomaterials typically suffer from severe grain coarsening,which has long been a major concern that prevents their wider ***,we proposed an effective strategy to inhibit grain coarsening by constructing grain boundary(GB)complexions with multiple codoped dopants,which hindered coarsening from both energetic and kinetic *** demonstrate the feasibility of this strategy,multiple selected dopants were doped into a ZrO_(2)-siO_(2)nanocrystalline glass ceramic(NCGC)to form GB *** res.lts showed that NCGC was predominantly composed of ZrO_(2)nanocrystallites.NCs)distributed in an amorphous siO_(2)*** layers of GB complexions(~2.5 nm)were formed between adjacent ZrO_(2)NCs,and they were crystalline superstructures.with co-segregated *** addition,a small amount of quartz solid solution was formed,and it adhered to the periphery of ZrO_(2)NCs and bridged the adjacent NCs,acting as a“bridging phase”.The GB complexions and the“bridging phase”synergistically enhanced the coarsening res.stance of ZrO_(2)NCs up to 1000°*** findings are important for understanding GB complexions and are expected to provide new insights into the des.gn of nanomaterials with excellent thermodynamic stability.

关键词： Zr_(2)-si_(2) multi-element co-segregation grain boundary(GB)complexion grain coarsening atom probe tomography(APT)