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Prevalence of Antibodies to HIV among Students of Selected Tertiary Schools in Two Southwest States, Nigeria

Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2017年第8期5卷 83-96页

作者： gabriel olugbenga daramola Adekemi Olubukunola Oluyege Helen Abike Edogun Amos Olakunle Ojerinde Babatunde Ajayi Olofinbiyi Ayodele Oluwaseun Ajayi olugbenga Omoniyi Ajala Ogunbola Ogunfolakan Adebimpe Egbebi Clement Olawale Esan Adegboyega Oladele Agbaje Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology Ado-Ekiti Nigeria Ekiti State University Department of Microbiology Ado-Ekiti Nigeria Federal University University Health Centre Oye-Ekiti Nigeria Ekiti State University Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Ado-Ekiti Nigeria Federal University Department of Microbiology Oye-Ekiti Nigeria Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital Department of Haematology and Blood Transfusion Ado-Ekiti Nigeria AfeBabalola University Department of Medical Laboratory Science Ado-Ekiti Nigeria Ekiti State University University Health Centre Ado-Ekiti Nigeria

Young adults generally have been identified as one of the groups of individuals who are particularly at risk of contracting HIV/AIDS and under-graduates constitute a very significant subset among these young adults. Therefore this research was designed to study the specific factors that put undergraduates in ten selected tertiary institutions in southwest Nigeria at risk of contracting HIVAIDS, as well as determine HIV prevalence in these campuses and the viral load of positive subjects. 1000 undergraduates were enrolled in the study, over a period of forty-two months. Baseline retroviral screening was carried out, using a rapid commercial test-kit, DETERMINE®. Confirmatory tests were carried out on positive samples using Enzyme Immuno Assay (EIA) technique. The viral load of the positive samples was determined using Real Time PCR, while the CD4+ count was assayed using Cyflow technique. Four out of the 1000 subjects were confirmed to be positive, thus representing an overall prevalence rate of 0.4%. The CD4 count of the positive subjects were 479/L, 368/L, 420/L and 1063/L. Molecular analysis of the positive subjects’ samples using RT-PCR revealed that the level of viral RNA in two of the subjects’ was too low for detection, while the other two positive subjects had 20 cp/ml and 325 cp/ml of viral RNA in their samples. Analyses of both the negative and positive subjects’ questionnaires were carried out, so as to determine the probable risk-factors that predisposed the positive subjects to infection. Hypotheses tested at p < 0.05 revealed that there was a significant difference in the rate at which the subjects were infected with HIV among the age-groups.

关键词： Seroprevalence HIV AIDS Tertiary Schools Undergraduates Ekiti Ondo

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Biostratigraphy, Palynofacies and Organic Geochemical Characterization of Three Wells, Western Offshore Niger Delta Nigeria

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Open Journal of Geology 2023年第5期13卷 504-535页

作者： Oluwafemi gabriel Ogunsanya Joshua Babatunde Asere olugbenga Ademola Boboye Kehinde Sunday Bosikun Grace Adewumi Adegboye Department of Geology University of Ibadan Ibadan Oyo Nigeria

Ditch samples from AP-4, ER-51 and UK-2 offshore Niger Delta were subjected to biostratigraphic and organic geochemical analyses which entail foraminiferal, palynological, Spore Colour Index (SCI), Rock-Eval Pyrolysis and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses. The results have established N19 and N17;N17, N16 and N15;and N9 and N8 biozones;and P600 and P700 palynological zones. The dominance of palynomaceral (PM) I and II suggests Type III kerogen. PM III and IV (Type II and IV) were recorded. SCI ranges from 3/4 to 5/6 suggesting an early to mature liquid hydrocarbon generation phase. Rock-Eval Pyrolysis shows that the Total Organic Carbon (TOC), Hydrogen Index (HI), Pyrolysis temperature (Tmax), and Vitrinite Reflectance (VRo) range from 2.48 wt% - 6.37 wt%, 78 - 258, 411°C - 431°C and 0.26% - 0.69% respectively suggesting high TOC of Type II/III kerogen. FTIR indices show Type I kerogen in all the wells. VRo results range from 0.4 - 0.5 indicating an immature source. High concentrations of aliphatic saturates in identified functional groups indicate a low biodegradation. The abundance and diversity of recovered assemblages and dominance of PM I and II suggest shallow depositional environments with an age range of late Miocene to early Pliocene. Palynomaceral, SCI, and Rock-Eval inference contradict FTIR kerogen type suggesting that IR spectroscopy might not be suitable for kerogen typing and origin. The geochemical and biostratigraphical inferences must be corroborated for a successful evaluation. However, the source rock in the study area has adequate organic matter with the prospect to generate both oil and gas at appropriate maturity.

关键词： Biostratigraphy Rock-Eval Palynofacies Infrared Spectroscopy Palynomaceral

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Biostratigraphy, Palynofacies and Organic Geochemical Characterization of Three Wells,Western Offshore Niger Delta Nigeria

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Open Journal of Geology 2023年第5期

作者： Oluwafemi gabriel Ogunsanya Joshua Babatunde Asere olugbenga Ademola Boboye Kehinde Sunday Bosikun Grace Adewumi Adegboye

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