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Optimizing Nitrogen Use Ef.iciency f.r No-Till Corn Production by Improving Root Growth and Capturing NO_(3)-N in Subsoil

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Pedosphere 2016年第4期26卷 474-485页

作者： Eduardo f. CAIRES Renato ZARDO f.LHO gabriel BARTH Helio A. W. JORIS Department of.Soil Science and Agricultural Engineering State University of Ponta Grossa Ponta Grossa 84030-900 Green Circle Growers 51051 US FIighway 20 Oberlin OH 44074 ABC f.undation Research and Agricultural Development Castro 84165-700

Subsoil acidity restricts root growth and reduces crop yields in many parts of.the world. More than half.of.the f.rtilizer nitrogen(N) applied in crop production is currently lost to the environment. This study aimed to investigate the ef.ect of.gypsum application on the ef.iciency of.N f.rtilizer in no-till corn(Zea mays L.) production in southern Brazil. A f.eld experiment examined the ef.ects of.surf.ce-applied gypsum(0, 5, 10, and 15 Mg ha^(-1)) and top-dressed ammonium nitrate(NH_4NO_3)(60, 120, and 180 kg N ha^(-1)) on corn root length, N uptake, and grain yield. A greenhouse experiment was conducted using undisturbed soil columns collected f.om the f.eld experiment site to evaluate NO_3-N leaching, N uptake, and root length with surf.ce-applied gypsum(0 and 10 Mg ha^(-1)) and top-dressed NH_4NO_3(0 and 180 kg N ha^(-1)). Amelioration of.subsoil acidity due to gypsum application increased corn root growth,N uptake, grain yield, and N use ef.iciency. Applying gypsum to the soil surf.ce increased corn grain yield by 19%–38% and partial f.ctor productivity of.N(Pf.N) by 27%–38%, depending on the N application rate. Results of.the undisturbed soil column greenhouse experiment showed that improvement of.N use ef.iciency by gypsum application was due to the higher N uptake f.om NO_3-N in the subsoil as a result of.increased corn root length. Our results suggest that ameliorating subsoil acidity with gypsum in a no-till corn system could increase N use ef.iciency, improve grain yield, and reduce environmental risks due to NO_3-N leaching.

关键词： ammonium nitrate grain yield N uptake nitrate leaching partial f.ctor productivity of.nitrogen soil acidity

Acid stress response in environmental and clinical strains of.enteric bacteria

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f.ontiers in Biology 2012年第6期7卷 495-505页

作者： gabriel J. SWENSON J. STOCHASTIC f.anklyn f. BOLANDER, Jr. Richard A. LONG Biological Sciences University of South Carolina Columbia SC 29208 USA Marine Science Program University of South Carolina Columbia SC 29208 USA Biology Department Paine College Augusta GA 30901 USA

The success of.many enteric bacteria is hinged on the ability to tolerate environmental stress such as extreme acidity. The acid stress response （ASR） has been investigated in many enteric bacteria and has been shown to involve variable expression of.a broad spectrum of.genes involved in transcriptional regulation, metabolism, colonization and virulence; representing a linkage between acid tolerance and pathogenicity. Though the majority of.ASR studies have been conducted in laboratory conditions and f.om the perspective of.pathogenicity, the role of.environmental reservoirs on acid adaptation has recently emerged as an important aspect of.pathogenic microbial ecology. This mini-review prof.les ASR in three opportunistic enteric pathogens and synthesizes recent work pertaining to the study of.this dynamic response.

关键词： acid stress response enteric bacteria microbial ecology transcriptional regulation virulence

The Allegorical f.nction of.Mise en abyme in Milan Kundera's The Unbearable Lightness of.Being and Ah Cheng's “The King of.Children”

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Language and Semiotic Studies 2019年第1期5卷 102-115页

作者： gabriel f.Y.Tsang Sun Yat-sen University

Mise en abyme, according to Gregory Minissale's def.nition, is "a process of.representation within representation". It is a narrative technique characterised by eternal extension of.repetitive images. Under Paul Ricoeur's f.amework of.narrative-metaphor analogy, mise en abyme can be regarded not as a blank intertextuality, but as an allegorical inf.nity structurally perf.rmed by textual arrangement. f.llowing his discussion, it is important to explore the f.nctions of.allegory f.om the connection of.text and reality to the integration of.dif.erent elements of.text, such as plots, rhetoric usage, ideas, personal characters, etc. As both narrative and the reality imitated by narrative are bound with time, the temporality of.mise en abyme enables narrative to be more internally ref.rable. This ref.rability is signif.cant to understand how narrative constitutes reader reception. Structured with this central idea, this paper examines Nietzsche's "eternal recurrence" mentioned in Milan Kundera's novel The Unbearable Lightness of.Being and the Sisyphusian lif. mode in the enclosed communist countryside shown in Ah Cheng's novella "The King of.Children".

关键词： mise en abyme rhetoric studies allegorical f.nction The Unbearable Lightness of Being The King of Children

Hierarchical and selective roles of.galectins in hepatocarcinogenesis, liver f.brosis and inf.ammation of.hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of.Gastroenterology 2013年第47期19卷 8831-8849页

作者： María L Bacigalupo Malena Manzi gabriel A Rabinovich María f.Troncoso Institute of.Biological Chemistry and Biophysics "Prof. Alejandro C. Paladini" (UBA-CONICET) Department of Biological ChemistrySchool of Pharmacy and BiochemistryUniversity of Buenos AiresC1113AADBuenos AiresArgentina Institute of.Biology and Experimental Medicine (CONICET) Department of Biological ChemistrySchool of Exact and Natural SciencesUniversity of Buenos AiresC1113AAD Buenos AiresArgentina

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)represents a global health *** with hepatitis B or C virus,non-alcoholic steatohepatitis disease,alcohol abuse,or dietary exposure to af.atoxin are the major risk f.ctors to the development of.this *** of.the carcinogenic insult,HCC usually develops in a context of.cirrhosis due to chronic inf.ammation and advanced *** are a f.mily of.evolutionarily-conserved proteins def.ned by at least one carbohydrate recognition domain with af.inity f.rβ-galactosides and conserved sequence ***,we summarize the current literature implicating galectins in the pathogenesis of.*** of.proto-type"galectin-1,"chimera-type"galectin-3 and"tandem repeat-type"galectin-4 is up-regulated in HCC cells compared to their normal *** the other hand,the"tandemrepeat-type"lectins galectin-8 and galectin-9 are downregulated in tumor *** abnormal expression of.these galectins correlates with tumor growth,HCC cell migration and invasion,tumor aggressiveness,metastasis,postoperative recurrence and poor ***,these galectins have important roles in other pathological conditions of.the liver,where chronic inf.ammation and/or f.brosis take ***-based therapies have been proposed to attenuate liver *** f.nctional studies are required to delineate the precise molecular mechanisms through which galectins contribute to HCC.

关键词： Galectins Hepatocellular carcinoma Inf.ammation-associated liver injury Hepatitis B or C virus inf.ction-associated hepatocellular carcinoma f.brosis-related liver pathologies

Analysis of.gateroad stability at two longwall mines based on f.eld monitoring results and numerical model analysis

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International Journal of.Mining Science and Technology 2019年第1期29卷 35-43页

作者： gabriel S.Esterhuizen David f.Gearhart Ted Klemetti Heather Dougherty Mark van Dyke National Institute f.r Occupational Saf.ty and Health

Coal mine longwall gateroads are subject to changing loading conditions induced by the advancing longwall f.ce. The ground response and support requirements are closely related to the magnitude and orientation of.the stress changes, as well as the local geology. This paper presents the monitoring results of.gateroad response and support perf.rmance at two longwall mines at a 180-m and 600-m depth of.*** the f.rst mine, a three-entry gateroad layout was used. The second mine used a f.ur-entry, yieldabutment-yield gateroad pillar system. Local ground def.rmation and support response were monitored at both sites. The monitoring period started during the development stage and continued during f.rst panel retreat and up to second panel retreat. The two data sets were used to compare the response of.the entries in two very dif.erent geotechnical settings and dif.erent gateroad layouts. The monitoring results were used to validate numerical models that simulate the loading conditions and entry response f.r these widely dif.ering conditions. The validated models were used to compare the load path and ground response at the two mines. This paper demonstrates the potential f.r numerical models to assist mine engineers in optimizing longwall layouts and gateroad support systems.

关键词： Coal mining Longwall Gateroad Support Numerical models

Phosphorus f.actions and sorption dynamics in the sediments of.two Ca-SO4 water reservoirs in the central Argentine Andes

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International Journal of.Sediment Research 2017年第3期32卷 442-451页

作者： José gabriel León f.rnando Luis Pedrozo Pedro f.lix Temporetti Instituto Argentino de Nivología Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales (IANIGLA)CCT Mendoza Departamento General de Irrigación Gobierno de Mendoza Espaa y Barcala Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medio Ambiente (INIBIOMA) CONICET-Universidad Nacional del Comahue

Phosphorus（P） f.actionation and sorption behavior were studied in the sediments of.two calcium-sulf.te(Ca-SO4: Ca2+170 mg L-1; SO42-400 mg L-1) water reservoirs in the southern central Argentine Andes-El Carrizal Reservoir（ECR）,which stratif.es in summer and El Nihuil Reservoir（ENR）,which is vertically mixed throughout the year. Sediment size classes ref.ected the lithology of.both basins and the reservoirs relative location: ECR（downstream f.om a valley adjacent to a mountain environment） had higher clay proportions while the sand f.action was more important in ENR（just next to a mountain environment）.In both reservoirs, the chemical composition revealed low alteration and calcium enrichment. Total P content was relatively high(1.1-1.6 mg P kg-1dry weight) as expected f.om the contribution of.marine f.rmations. P f.actionation was dominated by Ca-P（ECR, 69% and ENR, 63%） f.llowed by organic-P（23%）in summer-anoxic ECR and by iron/aluminum（f./Al）-P（27%） in oxic ENR. Batch experiments showed that sorption behavior in ECR had a typical Langmuir isotherm plot while in ENR that model f.tted only at low dissolved P values(f./Al-P content in anoxic（ECR） vs. oxic（ENR） sediments results f.om the P released f.om iron-bound phosphorus due to sulf.te reduction-f.rrous sulf.de f.rmation in an anoxic environment. This condition should enable ECR sediments to adsorb P into f.esh oxidized iron,and ENR sediments to co-precipitate P with calcium due to f./Al-P saturation, as observed in batch experiments. This paper constitutes the f.rst description of.phosphorus content and dynamics in reservoir sediments in arid central western Argentina, where water sulf.te concentrations are naturally high due to basin lithology.

关键词： Reservoir Internal load Phosphorus binding Calcareous watershed Southern Central Andes

Assessing support alternatives f.r longwall gateroads subject to changing stress

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International Journal of.Mining Science and Technology 2021年第1期31卷 103-110页

作者： gabriel S.Esterhuizen I.Berk Tulu Dave f.Gearhart Heather Dougherty Mark Van Dyke National Institute f.r Occupational Saf.ty and Health Pittsburgh Mining Research DivisionPittsburghPA 15236USA West Virginia University MorgantownWV 26506USA

Longwall gateroad entries are subject to changing horizontal and vertical stress induced by redistribution of.loads around the extracted *** stress changes can result in signif.cant def.rmation of.the entries that may include roof.sag,rib dilation,and f.oor *** operators install dif.erent types of.supports to control the ground response and maintain saf. access and ventilation of.the longwall *** paper describes recent research aimed at quantif.ing the ef.ect of.longwall-induced stress changes on ground stability and using the inf.rmation to assess support *** research included monitoring of.ground and support interaction at several operating longwall mines in the U.S.,analysis and calibration of.numerical models that adequately represent the bedded rock mass,and observation of.the support systems and their response to changes in *** models were then used to investigate the impact of.geology and stress conditions on ground def.rmation and support response f.r various depths of.cover and geologic *** research results were summarized in two regression equations that can be used to estimate the likely roof.def.rmation and height of.roof.yield due to longwall-induced stress *** inf.rmation is then used to assess the ability of.support systems to maintain the stability of.the *** application of.the method is demonstrated with a retrospective analysis of.the support perf.rmance at an operating longwall mine that experienced a headgate roof.*** method is shown to produce realistic estimates of.gateroad entry stability and support perf.rmance,allowing alternative support systems to be assessed during the design and planning stage of.longwall operations.

关键词： Longwall Gateroad Support design Coal Standing support

Recent progress on isospin breaking corrections and their impact on the muon g-2 value

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Chinese Physics C 2010年第6期34卷 712-717页

作者： gabriel López Castro Departamento de f.sica CinvestavApartado Postal 14-74007000 MxicoD.F Mxico

We describe some recent results on isospin breaking corrections which are of.relevance f.r predictions of.the leading order hadronic contribution to the muon anomalous magnetic moment aμ^*** when using τ lepton data. When these corrections are applied to the new combined data on the π^±π^0 spectral f.nction, the prediction f.r aμ^*** based on τ lepton data gets closer to the one obtained using e^＋e^- data.

关键词： isospin breaking tau decays muon magnetic moment radiative corrections

Prospects and limitations of.soil amendment and irrigation techniques f.r the water-saving public urban greenery and ephemeral weed management in the sandy soils of.the United Arab Emirates

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Journal of.Arid Land 2024年第9期16卷 1288-1302页

作者： Ayesha ALAM Elke gabriel-NEUMANN Department of.Integrative Agriculture College of Agriculture and Veterinary MedicineUnited Arab Emirates UniversityAl Ain 15551the United Arab Emirates ASPIRE Research Institute of.f.od Security in Drylands College of Agriculture and Veterinary MedicineUnited Arab Emirates UniversityAl Ain 15551the United Arab Emirates

Public urban greenery greatly contributes to the residential and tourist value of.cities in the Gulf.Region,but due to the hyper-arid climatic conditions,the cost of.irrigation and plant maintenance is very *** strategies to reduce the monetary and ecological costs involve the cultivation of.native xerophytic plantations,and/or the use of.soil improvers to increase water-and nutrient-holding capacity of.the sandy *** soil improvers based on mineral,organic,or synthetic materials have entered the United Arab Emirates(UAE)market in recent years,but there is considerable uncertainty about how they should best be used in combination with ornamental plant stands involving xerophytic native *** present study investigated the ef.ect of.soil amendment and deep pipe irrigation on perennial ornamental plant stands involving native plants(Tephrosia appolinea(Gel.)Link in combination with Aerva javanica(Burm.f.)*** Schult.)and native-exotic plants(*** in combination with Ruelia simplex ***)either or not topsoil and subsoil amendment with bentonite and hydrophobic sand under the irrigation water supply of.less than 50%of.ref.rence evapotranspiration(ET0).Af.er one year of.cultivation,*** and ***(native ***)produced high biomass and exhibited high water use ef.iciency(WUE)as compared with *** and ***(native ***)combination given that no signif.cant dif.erences were f.und under the soil amendment *** stands thrived under irrigation water supply f.r below what is usually supplied to exotic ornamental stands in public parks of.the Al Ain City,the ***,subsoil amendment in combination with deep pipe irrigation reduced the occurrence of.weeds and increased the overall plant rooting *** results suggest that subsoil amendment and irrigation up to 60-80 cm depth can potentially control ephemeral weed inf.station,which is a great challenge in various plant production systems of.the

关键词： native and exotic plant communities competitive strength soil improvers urban plantation subsoil amendment weed management