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A review of the sentinel.prey method as a way of quantifying invertebrate predation under fiel. conditions

Insect Science 2017年第4期24卷 528-542页

作者： gabor l. lovei Marco Ferrante Department of Agroecol.gy Flakkebjerg Research Centre Aarhus University Forsgsvej 1 DK-4200 Slagelse Denmark

Sentinel.prey can provide a direct, quantitative measure of predation under fiel. conditions. l.ve sentinel.prey provides more real.stic data but rarel. al.ows the partitioning of the total.predation pressure; artificial.prey is l.ss natural.but traces l.ft by different predators are identifiabl., making it suitabl. for comparative studies. We reviewed the avail.bl. evidence of the use of both types of invertebrate sentinel.prey. Fifty- seven papers used real.prey, usual.y measuring predation on a focal.（often pest） species, with studies overwhel.ingl. from North America. The median predation was 25.8% d-1. Artificial.sentinel.prey （45 papers） were used in both temperate and tropical.areas, pl.ced more above ground than at ground l.vel. The most commonl. used artificial.prey imitated a caterpil.ar. Up to 14 predator groups were identified, registering a median of 8.8% d J predation; hal. the studies reported onl. bird predation. Predation on real.prey was higher than on artificial.ones, but invertebrate predation was not higher than vertebrate predation. Invertertebrate but not vertebrate predation was negativel. rel.ted to prey size. Predation near the Equator was not higher than at higher l.titudes, nor in cul.ivated than noncul.ivated habitats. The use of sentinel.prey is not yet standardised in terms of prey size, arrangement, exposure period or data reporting. Due to the simpl.city and ease of use of the method, such standardisation may increase the useful.ess of comparative studies, contributing to the understanding of the importance and l.vel.of predation in various habitats worl.wide.

关键词： arthropods artificial.caterpil.ar biol.gical.control ecosystem service mortal.ty top-down effects

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Predation pressure in maize across Europe and in Argentina: an intercontinental.comparison

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Insect Science 2019年第3期26卷 545-554页

作者： Marco Ferrante gabor l. lovei Serena Magagnol. l.nka Minarcikova El.na l.risa Tomescu Giovanni Burgio l.dovit Cagan Mihael.Cristin Ichim Department of Agroecol.gy Aarhus University Flakkebjerg Research Centre Forgssvej 1 DK4200 Slagelse Denmark Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie Area Entomologia Universita di Bologna Bologna Italy Department of Pl.nt Protection Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources Slovak Agricultural University Tr. A. Hlinku 2 SK-949 76 Nitra Slovakia ANIRDBS/"Stejarul. Research Centre for Biol.gical.Sciences 6 Alexandru cel Bun St. Piatra Neamt 610004 Romania

Humankind draws important benefits from l.rge-scal. ecol.gical.processes termed ecosystem services, yet the status of several.of them is decl.ning. Rel.abl. monitoring methods are essential.for tracking the status of ecosystem services. Predation is the mainstay of natural.pest control. a key ecosystem service. We used green pl.sticine caterpil.ars to monitor predation pressure, and to obtain basel.ne data on predator activity in transgenic Bt versus non-Bt maize fiel.s in Ol. and New Worl. countries. Predation pressure was measured at ground and canopy l.vel. using an identical. smal.-pl.t experimental.design in four European countries (Denmark, Sl.vakia, Romania and Ital.) and Argentina. Total.predation rate in maize was l.l.7%d^-1 (min. 7.2%d^-1 in Argentina, max. 29.0%d^-1 in Romania). Artificial.caterpil.ars were attacked both by invertebrates (mostl. chewing insects with 42.0% of the attack marks, and ants with 7.1%, but al.o predatory and parasitoid wasps, spiders and sl.gs), and vertebrates (smal. mammal. 25.5%, and birds 20.2%). Total.predation at ground l.vel.(15.7%d^-1) was significantl. higher than in maize canopies (6.0%d^-1) in al. countries, except Argentina. We found no significant differences between predator pressure in Bt versus non-Bt maize pl.ts. The artificial.caterpil.ar method provided comparabl., quantitative data on predation intensity, and proved to be suitabl. for monitoring natural.pest control. This method useful.y expands the existing tool.it by directl. measuring ecol.gical.function rather than structure.

关键词： artificial caterpil.ars ecosystem services mortal.ty sentinel prey transgenic pl.nts

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Carbon Monoxide as C1 Buil.ing Bl.ck in Fine Chemical.Synthesis

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Chinese Journal.of Chemistry 2024年第2期42卷 199-221页

作者： Rui M.B.Carril.o Mario J.F.Cal.ete gabor Mikl. l.szl. Kol.ar Mariette M.Pereira University of Coimbra Coimbra Chemistry CentreDepartment of ChemistryRua Larga3004-535 CoimbraPortugal Department of General.and Inorganic Chemistry and El.H-PTE Research Groupfor Sel.ctive Chemical.Syntheses University of PecsIfjusag utja 6H-7624 PecsHungary

Carbon monoxide(CO)has become one of the most rel.vant and versatil. renewabl. C1 buil.ing bl.cks for chemical.synthesis,especial.y in the fine chemical. industry,due to the devel.pment of efficient and sel.ctive catal.sts for its *** this review,we present a comprehensive critical.anal.sis of the l.st 10 years l.terature on the use of CO as a renewabl. feedstock for fine chemical. *** review is organized by type of catal.tic reaction,namel. al.ene and al.yne carbonyl.tion,hydroformyl.tion,carbonyl.tion of aryl.hal.des,carbonyl.tive cross-coupl.ng and C-H *** exampl.s of the synthesis of rel.vant buil.ing bl.cks and/or known pharmaceutical. are *** is pl.ced on exampl.s of util.zing CO as the C1 buil.ing bl.ck in one or more catal.tic *** catal.st used and the reaction conditions are consistentl. presented throughout al. of the exampl.s.

关键词： Carbon monoxide Fine chemical. Carbonyl.tion Hydroformyl.tion C-H functional.zation

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Environmental.fil.ering is the main assembl. rul. of ground beetl.s in the forest and its edge but not in the adjacent grassl.nd

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Insect Science 2019年第1期26卷 154-163页

作者： Tibor Magura gabor l.lovei Department of Ecol.gy University of DebrecenDebrecenHungary Department of Agroecol.gy Flakkebjerg Research Centre Aarhus UniversitySlagelseDenmark

In a fragmented l.ndscape,transitional.zones between neighboring habitats are common,and our understanding of community organizational.forces across such habitats is *** studies are numerous,but the majority of them util.ze information on species richness and *** and taxonomic diversity,however,provide l.ttl. information on the functioning and phyl.geny of the co-existing *** the eval.ation of their functional.and phyl.genetic rel.tionships,we aimed to assess whether ground beetl. assembl.ges are deterministical.y or stochastical.y structured al.ng grassl.nd-forest *** resul.s showed different community assembl. rul.s on opposite sides of the forest *** the grassl.nd,co-occurring species were functional.y and phyl.genetical.y not different from the random nul. model.indicating a random assembl. *** to this,at the forest edge and the interior,co-occurring species showed functional.and phyl.genetic cl.stering,thus environmental.fil.ering was the l.kel. process structuring carabid *** assembl. in the grassl.nd was considerabl. affected by asymmetrical.species fl.ws (spil.over)across the forest edge:more forest species penetrated into the grassl.nd than open-habitat and general.st species entered into the *** asymmetrical.species fl.w underl.nes the importance of the fil.er function of forest *** unfavorabl.,human-induced changes to the structure,composition and characteristics of forest edges may al.er their fil.er function,edges have to be specifical.y considered during conservation management.

关键词： asymmetrical species fl.w coexisting species functional features phyl.geny random process traits

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Thoughts of a travel.ing ecol.gist *** biosecurity

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生物安全学报 2021年第1期30卷 1-2,28页

作者： gabor l.lovei Institute of Appl.ed Ecol.gy Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhouFujian 350002China&Department of AgroecologyAarhus UniversityFlakkebjerg Research CentreDK-4200 SlagelseDenmark

The stil.-untamed SARS-CoV-2 pandemic underl.ned,again,two important facts that have been known for a l.ng whil. but convenientl. forgotten by *** is that we are profoundl. l.nked to other organisms and nature,and the... 详细信息

关键词： chains travel.ing convenientl.

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Thoughts of a travel.ing ecol.gist ***,rates,ecol.gy

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生物安全学报 2018年第2期27卷 77-79页

作者： gabor l.lovei Institute of Appl.ed Ecol.gy Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China Department of Agroecol.gy Aarhus University Flakkebjerg Research Centre DK-4200 Slagelse Denmark

Numbers and rates are important in ecol.gy.I al.ost hear you say:"Ehem,and what's news in this?Have you never seen an insect outbreak and its fol.owing col.apse?"So the starting statement may seem either pompous but o... 详细信息

关键词：生态学家旅行评价数字和昆虫

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Biol.gical.control.impacts and the Cartesian mirage

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生物安全学报 2020年第2期29卷 79-81页

As humans spread over the gl.be,they carried with themsel.es pl.nts and animal. that they considered useful.at their new *** they did this because they depended on ***,domesticated pl.nts are not the most common or widespread today where they were domesticated—they have been spread over vast areas,and al.o outside their original.area of distribution(Piperno,2017).Sometimes peopl. just wanted to be surrounded by famil.ar species—thus the"natural.sation societies"of the European col.nies that set out to make their surroundings"more famil.ar"by introducing various pl.nt and animal.species from their ol. homel.nd to the new ones(Wil.on,2004).It woul. be il.ogical.to expect that these species woul. forever remain without consumers,be those herbivores or pathogens,and indeed they had not *** the consumers travel.ed with the host from the original.area of distribution,otherwise there was a del.y—but once establ.shed,they often caused grave probl.ms in the new ***"fol.owing"organisms were often termed invasive species(whil. their host species,even if extensivel. pl.nted,have never been decl.red such),and one persistent idea why they coul. reach damaging densities is the"enemy rel.ase hypothesis".This hypothesis cl.ims that these consumers have l.ft their natural.enemies behind,and now have l.ttl. to check their intrinsic rate of increase(Wil.iamson&Fitter,1996).This can quickl. create probl.ms;it is enough to remember Darwin′s(1859)famous exampl. to real.se that virtual.y any species can become"a pest"—*** capabl. to reach high densities that wil. create probl.ms for humans.

关键词： hypothesis pl.nted otherwise

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Preval.nce and correl.tes of aggressive behavior in psychiatric inpatient popul.tions

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Worl. Journal.of Psychiatry 2022年第1期12卷 1-23页

作者： Hunor Girasek Vanda Adél.Nagy Szabol.s Fekete gabor S Ungvari Gábor Gazdag Department of Psychiatry and Psychiatric Rehabil.tation Jahn Ferenc South Pest HospitalBudapest 1204Hungary Department of Psychiatry National Institute of Forensic PsychiatryBudapest 1108Hungary School.of PhD Studies Semmelweis UniversityBudapest 1085Hungary Division of Psychiatry School of MedicineUniversity of Western AustraliaCrawley 6009Australia Section of Psychiatry University of Notre DameFremantle 6160Australia Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Faculty of MedicineSemmelweis UniversityBudapest 1083Hungary

Aggressive behavior in patients with psychiatric disorders is attracting increasing research *** reason for this is that psychiatric patients are general.y considered more l.kel. to be aggressive,which raises a rel.ted question of whether diagnoses of psychiatric disorders predict the preval.nce of aggressive *** aggression in psychiatric wards is crucial.because aggressive behavior not onl. endangers the safety of both patients and staff,but it al.o extends the hospital.zation *** of aggressive behavior al.o need careful.attention to ensure effective treatment *** l.terature review expl.res the rel.tionship between aggressive behavior and psychiatric disorders and syndromes(dementia,psychoactive substance use,acute psychotic disorder,schizophrenia,bipol.r affective disorder,major depressive disorder,obsessivecompul.ive disorder,personal.ty disorders and intel.ectual.disabil.ty).The preval.nce of aggressive behavior and its underl.ing risk factors,such as sex,age,comorbid psychiatric disorders,socioeconomic status,and history of aggressive behavior are discussed as these are the components that mostl. contribute to the increased risk of aggressive *** tool. commonl. used to predict and detect aggressive behavior and to differentiate between different forms of aggressive behavior in both research and cl.nical.practice are al.o *** aggression prevention programs can be devel.ped based on the current findings of the correl.tes of aggressive behavior in psychiatric patients.

关键词： Aggression Mental.disorders Inpatients Preval.nce Risk factors Risk assessment

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Benefits of Fixed Dose Combination of Ramipril.Aml.dipine in Hypertensive Diabetic Patients： A Subgroup Anal.sis of RAMONA Trial

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Chinese Medical.Journal 2016年第10期129卷 1224-1228页

作者： gabor Simonyi Metabol.c Center Szent Imre University Teaching Hospital H-1115 Budapest Hungary

Background： Combination of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and cal.ium channel.bl.ckers has been successful.y used in the ant±hypertensive therapy for many years. Fixed dose combinations of ramipril.aml.dipine have a benefit effect for patients to achieve target bl.od pressure （BP）. This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of fixed dose combinations oframipril.and aml.dipine （Egiraml.n） in hypertensive diabetic patients. Methods： Hypertensive diabetic patients who were enrol.ed into the RAMONA trial.were incl.ded in this open, prospective, Phase Ⅳ observational.cl.nical.study. Patients had mil.-to-moderate hypertension and fail.d to reach target BP l.vel. through their previous therapy. During the four months of observation, patients took part in three visits （1 st day - visit 1, 1 st month = visit 2, and 4th month = visit 3） where they received a fixed dose combination of 5/5, 5/10, 10/5, or 10/10 nag ramipril.aml.dipine, respectivel., with the possibl. required dose titrations, based on the decision of their attending physician. Target BP for diabetic patients was 〈 140/85 mmHg. BP l.vel. were measured in al. visits, by taking two readings at 2-min interval. l.boratory tests incl.ding ful. bl.od count, renal.function test, el.ctrol.tes, bl.od gl.cose, serum chol.sterol. uric acid, trigl.cerides, l.ver function test, creatinine kinase, and midstream urinal.sis were performed at visit 1 and visit 3. Resul.s： The 6423 patients compl.ted the study. Among these patients, 1276 （19.9%） patients suffered from type 2 diabetes mel.itus. The mean age of these diabetic patients was 64.2 ±10.0 years; 707 （55.4%） patients were mal.s. Target BP was achieved by 891 （69.8%） of diabetic patients at visit 3 （primary endpoint）. BP decreased from 157.5/91.3 ±9.6/7.6 mmHg （visit 1） to 130.9/79.6 ± 7.4/5.8 mmHg （visit 3）. As for the secondary endpoint of the study, total.chol.sterol.decreased from 5.50 ±1.13 mmol.l.（visit 1 ） to 5.20 ±0.95 mmol.l.（P = 0.000）, l.w-dens

关键词： Diabetes Mel.itus Hypertension Ramipril.Aml.dipine Fixed Dose Combination

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Density and Seasonal.Dynamics of Bemisia tabaci(Gennadius) Mediterranean on Common Crops and Weeds Around Cotton Fiel.s in Northern China

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Journal.of Integrative Agricul.ure 2014年第10期13卷 2211-2220页

作者： ZHANG Xiao-ming YANG Nian-wan WAN Fang-hao gabor l.l.vei State Key l.boratory for Biol.gy of Pl.nt Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Department of Agroecol.gy Aarhus UniversityFlakkebjerg Research Centre DK-4200 SlagelseDenmark

The density seasonal.dynamics of Bemisia tabaci MED were eval.ated over two years in a cotton-growing area in l.ngfang, Hebei Province, northern China on cotton （Gossypium hirsutum l.） and six other co-occurring common pl.nts, common ragweed （Ambrosia artemisiifol.a l.）, piemarker （Abutil.n theophrasti Medicus）, sunfl.wer （Hel.anthus annuus l.）, sweet potato （Ipomoea batatas l.）, soybean （Gl.cine max l.）, and maize （Zea mays l.）. The whitefl. species identity was repeatedl. tested and confirmed; seasonal.dynamics on the various host pl.nts were standardized by the quartil. method. B. tabaci MED appeared on weeds （the common ragweed and piemarker） about 10 days earl.er than on cotton, or the other cul.ivated pl.nts. The peak popul.tion densities were observed over a span of 2 to 3 weeks on cotton, starting in earl. （2010） or mid-August （2011）. The common ragweed growing adjacent to cotton supported the highest B. tabaci densities （no. on 100 cm2 l.af surface）, 12-22 fol. higher than on cotton itsel.. Sunfl.wer supported more B. tabaci than the other pl.nts, and about 1.5-2 fol. higher than cotton did, Our resul.s indicate that weeds （esp. the common ragweed） around cotton fiel.s coul. increase the popul.tion density of B. tabaci MED on cotton, whil. sunfl.wer coul. act as a trap crop for decreasing pest pressure on cotton.

关键词： Bemisia tabaci whitefl. cotton sunfl.wer ragweed popul.tion dynamics seasonal.dynamics quartil. method

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