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The photosynthetic oxygen evolution does not exclude the important role and contribution of bicarbonate photolysis

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Acta Geochimica 2024年第1期43卷 174-179页

作者： Yanyou Wu Shaogang guo State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuiyang 550081People’s Republic of China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049People’s Republic of China

Photosynthesis is the most important biochemical reaction on Earth. It has co-evolved and developed with the Earth, driving the biogeochemical cycle of all elements on the planet and serving as the only chemical process in nature that can convert light energy into chemical energy. Some heavy oxygen isotopic(^(18)O) labeling experiments have"conclusively" demonstrated that the oxygen released by photosynthesis comes only from water and are written into textbooks. However, it is not difficult to find that bicarbonate has never been excluded from the direct substrate of photosynthesis from beginning to end during the history of photosynthesis research. No convincing mechanism can be used to explain photosynthetic oxygen evolution solely from water photolysis. The bicarbonate effect, the Dole effect, the thermodynamic convenience of bicarbonate photolysis, the crystal structure characteristics of photosystem Ⅱ, and the reinterpretation of heavy oxygen isotopic labeling(^(18)O)experiments all indicate that the photosynthetic oxygen evolution does not exclude the important role and contribution of bicarbonate photolysis. The recently proposed view that bicarbonate photolysis is the premise of water photolysis, bicarbonate photolysis and water photolysis work together with a 1:1(mol/mol) stoichiometric relationship, and the stoichiometric relationship between oxygen and carbon dioxide released during photosynthetic oxygen evolution is also 1:1, has excellent applicability and objectivity, which can logically and reasonably explain the precise coordination between light and dark reactions during photosynthesis, the bicarbonate effect, the Dole effect, the Kok cycle and the neutrality of water and carbon in *** is of great significance for constructing the bionic artificial photosynthetic reactors and scientifically answering the question of the source of elemental stoichiometric relationships in nature.

关键词： Bicarbonate effect Dole effect Kok cycle Heavy oxygen isotope Artificial photosynthetic reactor

Light People:*** May Lau,newly elected US NAE member in Hong Kong,talks about future of photonics and women in science

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第4期13卷 602-608页

作者： Yating Wan Chenzi guo Electrical and Computer Engineering the ComputerElectrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering DivisionKing Abdullah University of Science and Technology23955-6900 ThuwalSaudi Arabia Changchun Institute of Optics Fine Mechanics and PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesChangchunChina

Editorial Photonics technology remains a driving force in today’s scientific landscape,marked by continuous innovation and crossdisciplinary *** an enlighting conversation with Light:Science&Applications,*** May Lau,a pioneer in photonics research,shares her deep insights on the evolution of technologies of LEDs,lasers,challenges of hetero-epitaxy,and the future of micro-LEDs and quantum dot *** honored as a member of the US National Academy of Engineering(NAE)for her significant contributions to photonics and electronics using III-V semiconductors on silicon,*** stands out as the sole Hong Kong scholar inducted into the NAE this year,joining 114 new and 21 international *** this exclusive Light People interview,*** shares her journey as a pioneering woman in engineering,her commitment to mentorship and academia,and her perspective on advancing female representation in *** summary provided is distilled from ***’s thoughtful responses during the *** a deeper exploration of ***’s experiences and advice,the full interview is available in the Supplementary material.

关键词： interview lighting driving

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抑制图像非语义信息的通用后门防御策略

中国图象图形学报 2023年第3期28卷 836-849页

作者：郭钰生钱振兴张新鹏柴洪峰复旦大学计算机科学技术学院上海200438 文化和旅游部数字文化保护与旅游数据智能计算重点实验室上海200438 复旦大学金融科技研究院上海200438

目的后门攻击已成为目前卷积神经网络所面临的重要威胁。然而,当下的后门防御方法往往需要后门攻击和神经网络模型的一些先验知识,这限制了这些防御方法的应用场景。本文依托图像分类任务提出一种基于非语义信息抑制的后门防御方法,该... 详细信息

目的后门攻击已成为目前卷积神经网络所面临的重要威胁。然而,当下的后门防御方法往往需要后门攻击和神经网络模型的一些先验知识,这限制了这些防御方法的应用场景。本文依托图像分类任务提出一种基于非语义信息抑制的后门防御方法,该方法不再需要相关的先验知识,只需要对网络的输入进行编解码处理就可以达到后门防御的目的。方法核心思想是在保持图像语义不改变的同时,尽量削弱原始样本中与图像语义不相关的信息,以此抑制触发器。通过在待保护模型前添加一个即插即用的U型网络(即信息提纯网络)来实现对图像非语义信息的抑制。其输入是干净的初始样本,输出命名为强化样本。具体的训练过程中,首先用不同的训练超参数训练多个结构不一的干净分类器,然后在保持强化样本被上述分类器正确分类的前提下,优化信息提纯网络使强化样本和原始样本之间的差异尽可能地大。结果实验在MNIST、CIFAR10和Image Net10数据集上进行。实验结果显示,经过信息提纯网络编解码后,干净样本的分类准确率略有下降,后门攻击成功率大幅降低,带有触发器的样本以接近干净样本的准确率被正确预测。结论提出的非语义信息抑制防御方法能够在不需要相关先验知识的情况下将含触发器的样本纠正为正常样本,并且保持对干净样本的分类准确率。

关键词：卷积神经网络(CNN) 模型安全图像分类神经网络后门后门防御

产后出血中改良B-Lynch缝合术的临床应用观察

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中外医疗 2013年第25期32卷 30-31页

作者：郭玉生河南省鹤壁市人民医院妇产科河南鹤壁458030

目的探讨在产后出血中改良式B-Lynch缝合术的临床应用价值。方法选取该院收治的产后出血病例50例作为研究组,采用改良式B-Lynch缝合术进行治疗,并选取以往采用传统方法治疗的50例患者作为对照组,对比分析两组的治疗效果。结果研究组50... 详细信息

目的探讨在产后出血中改良式B-Lynch缝合术的临床应用价值。方法选取该院收治的产后出血病例50例作为研究组,采用改良式B-Lynch缝合术进行治疗,并选取以往采用传统方法治疗的50例患者作为对照组,对比分析两组的治疗效果。结果研究组50例患者治疗均有效,对照组46例治疗有效,4例因处理无效而行子宫切除,研究组手术时间、产后出血量以及住院时间均明显少于对照组。结论采用改良式B-Lynch缝线术具有手术时间短、止血迅速、损伤小等优点,且可保留患者的生育能力,适用于治疗产后出血。

关键词：改良式B-Lynch缝合术产后出血体会

中国当代乡土文学研究的突破与创新——评叶君《乡土·农村·家园·荒野——论中国当代作家的乡村想象》

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绥化学院学报 2009年第4期29卷 17-18页

作者：郭玉生黑龙江大学文学院黑龙江哈尔滨150080

在中国现当代文学史中。“乡土文学”和“农村题材小说”是两个密切相关的重要题材类型。由于批评家和文学史家的反复阐述与界定．它们也成为中国现当代文学研究中两个基本的文学史概念。然而，在具体使用过程中，二者之间的界限却模糊... 详细信息

在中国现当代文学史中。“乡土文学”和“农村题材小说”是两个密切相关的重要题材类型。由于批评家和文学史家的反复阐述与界定．它们也成为中国现当代文学研究中两个基本的文学史概念。然而，在具体使用过程中，二者之间的界限却模糊不清导致混淆使用，这就在一定程度上阻碍了乡土文学研究的深入进行。在这种中国现当代文学研究的学术背景下，叶君的新作《乡土·农村·家园·荒野——论中国当代作家的乡村想象》（中国社会科学出版社．2007）立足于中国当代作家对乡村的观照出现的新的视角和表达方式。对基于乡村的“乡土”、“农村”、“家园”、“荒野”四种文学景观进行了深入、

关键词：中国现当代文学研究 “乡土文学” 农村题材小说中国当代当代作家乡村荒野家园

海外交通发展史研究对中国海运事业发展的价值

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世界海运 2010年第7期33卷 26-28页

作者：郭育生福建省泉州海外交通史博物馆中国海外交通史研究会中国航海学会航海史研究专业委员会

通过对泉州海外交通发展史研究的回顾,总结史学研究对中国海运事业发展的价值。中国是一个历史悠久的文明古国,地域辽阔,有960万km2的土地,有广袤的领海,拥有长达1.8万km的海岸线,沿海岛屿6500多个,是一个海洋大国。依照《联合国海洋法... 详细信息

通过对泉州海外交通发展史研究的回顾,总结史学研究对中国海运事业发展的价值。中国是一个历史悠久的文明古国,地域辽阔,有960万km2的土地,有广袤的领海,拥有长达1.8万km的海岸线,沿海岛屿6500多个,是一个海洋大国。依照《联合国海洋法公约》200nmile专属经济区制度和大陆架制度，中国拥有约3007万km2的管辖海域，4亿多人口生活在沿海地区，沿海地区工农业相对内陆

关键词：发展史《联合国海洋法公约》中国价值事业海运交通海外

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自然流产后宫腔镜检查时机探讨

中国现代医生 2013年第9期51卷 141-142页

作者：郭玉生河南省鹤壁市人民医院妇产科河南鹤壁458030

目的探讨自然流产后进行宫腔镜检查的时机。方法选取我院收治的231例发生自然流产并行宫腔镜检查的病例,对其临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果随着流产次数的增加,患者出现获得性子宫异常的几率增大;经过治疗后,随着患者流产次数的减少,再... 详细信息

目的探讨自然流产后进行宫腔镜检查的时机。方法选取我院收治的231例发生自然流产并行宫腔镜检查的病例,对其临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果随着流产次数的增加,患者出现获得性子宫异常的几率增大;经过治疗后,随着患者流产次数的减少,再次妊娠时间超过28周的病例明显增多,而再次流产率明显降低。结论自然流产后进行宫腔镜检查是诊断患者子宫异常的重要手段,建议自然流产1次后即进行宫腔镜检查以改善患者下一次妊娠的结局。

关键词：自然流产宫腔镜检查流产率

Harnessing data using symbolic regression methods for discovering novel paradigms in physics

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第6期67卷 1-11页

作者： Jianyang guo Wan-Jian Yin College of Energy Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials Innovations(SIEMIS)Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy TechnologiesSoochow UniversitySuzhou 215006China Shanghai Qi Zhi Institute Shanghai 200232China Light Industry Institute of Electrochemical Power Sources Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006China

In recent years,machine-learning methods have profoundly impacted research in the interdisciplinary fields of ***,most machine-learning models lack interpretability,and physicists doubt the credibility of their conclusions because they cannot be combined with prior physical ***,this review focuses on symbolic regression,which is an interpretable machine-learning ***,the relevant concepts of machine learning are introduced in conjunction with ***,we provide an overview of symbolic regression ***,the recent directions for the application of symbolic regression methods in different subfields of physics are outlined,and an overview of the ways in which the applications of symbolic regression have evolved in the realm of physics is *** major aim of this review is to introduce the basic principles of symbolic regression and explain its applications in the field of physics.

关键词： machine learning genetic programming symbolic regression

Efficient electrocatalytic reduction of nitrate to ammonia at low concentration by copper-cobalt oxide nanowires with shell-core structure

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Nano Research 2024年第6期17卷 5087-5094页

作者： Chenhao Xiao Yaxiao guo Jiayuan Sun Tao guo Xinyuan Jia Shinuo guo Guancheng Wu Yue Sun Zhaoyang Yao Yi Liu State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes School of ChemistryTiangong UniversityTianjin 300387China Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials College of ChemistryNankai UniversityTianjin 300071China School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Wuhan Polytechnic UniversityWuhan 430023China

Electrocatalytic nitrate reduction to ammonia(NO3−RR)for removing nitrate from wastewater is a promising but challengeable technology that is increasingly ***,we developed an efficient CuO_(x)and CoCuO_(x)composed hybrid catalyst(CoCuO_(x)@CuO_(x)/copper foam(CF)),characteristic of distinctive shell-core nanowires grown on CF substrate with CuO_(x)core and CoCuO_(x)*** built-in electric field formed at the interface of the CoO/Cu_(2)O heterostructure promotes NO3−adsorption by modulating the charge distribution at the interface,which greatly improves the ammonia yield rate and Faradaic ***−0.2 V *** hydrogen electrode(RHE),CoCuO_(x)@CuO_(x)/CF achieves not only an excellent ammonia yield rate of up to 519.1μg·h^(−1)·cm^(−2)and Faradaic efficiency of 99.83%at 1 mM NO3−concentration,but also excellent mechanical *** study provides a novel pathway to design electrocatalyst for the removal of nitrate from dilute nitric acid solutions(≤2 mM).

关键词： CoCuO_(x)@CuO_(x)/copper foam(CF) shell-core nanowires heterostructure low concentration nitrate electroreduction to ammonia