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Soil erosion of unpaved loess roads subjected to an extreme rainstorm event: a case study of the Jiuyuangou watershed on the Loess Plateau, China

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Journal of Mountain Science 2019年第6期16卷 1396-1407页

作者： YANG Bo WANG wen-long guo Ming-ming guo wen-zhao WANG wen-xin KANG Hong-liang zhao Man CHEN Zhuo-xin State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on Loess Plateau Institute of Soil and Water ConservationNorthwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China Institute of Soil and Water Conservation Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water ResourcesYangling 712100China Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration of Mining Area in Northern Shaanxi Province Yulin UniversityYulin 719000China Yellow River Engineering Consulting Co. Ltd109 Jinshui RoadZhengzhou 450003China

Rainfall can cause serious soil loss in the Loess Plateau hilly and gully region, but little focus has been placed on the extreme rainstorm effects on unpaved loess road soil erosion. A field survey method was used to investigate the erosional effects of the '7·26' heavy rainfall event on unpaved loess roads in the Jiuyuangou watershed of the Loess Plateau, China. The results showed that the average and maximum widths of the eroded gullies that formed on the unpaved roads were 0.65-1.48 m and 1.00-3.60 m, respectively. The average and maximum depths of theeroded gullies were 0.42-1.13 m and 0.75-4.30 m, respectively. The average width-to-depth ratio was 1.31, indicating that the widening effect was greater than the downcutting effect in the eroded gullies. In addition, the gully density ranged from 0.07 to 0.29 m m-2, and the road surface dissection degree ranged from 0.03 to 0.41 km2 km-2. Eroded gullies generally developed at the slope toe of the cut bank side. The average eroded gully width and depth at turns in the road were 1.47-2.64 times and 1.30-3.47 times greater, respectively, than those in other road sections. The road erosion modulus increased from the upper section to the lower section of the roads. The average road erosion modulus of the study catchment was 235,000 t km-2. Turns in the road were associated with collapses, sinkholes and other gravitational erosion phenomena. The amount of road erosion under extreme rainfall conditions is mainly related to the interactions among road length, width, slope and soil bulk density. Our results provide a useful reference for developing further measures for preventing road erosion on the Loess Plateau.

关键词： Road erosion '7·26' extreme rainstorms Loess Plateau Gully development

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Distribution, failure risk and reinforcement necessity of check-dams on the Loess Plateau: a review

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Journal of Mountain Science 2021年第2期18卷 499-509页

作者： guo wen-zhao WANG wen-Long XU Qiang HU Jian-jun ZHU Li-li State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau Institute of Water and Soil ConservationNorthwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China Key Laboratory of Mountain Hazards and Earth Surface Processes Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610059China Xi'an Planning Design&Research InstituteUpper and middle Yellow River BureauYellow River Conservancy CommissionMinistry of Water ResourcesXi'an 710021China

Check-dams are the most important measure to control the soil and water loss in highly erodible catchments on the Chinese Loess *** on the data of check-dams from 1950 to 2014,our study roundly analyzed the regional distribution,function and the problems of check-dams on the Loess Plateau.A total of 17,094 check-dams with a storage capacity of over 100,000 m^(3) and an average density of 0.027 counts km^(-2) were installed on the Loess ***-dams’densities varied greatly in the Qinghai Province,Gansu Province,Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,Shaanxi Province,Shanxi Province and Henan *** highest density of check-dams reached 0.088 counts km^(-2) in Shaanxi Province,whereas the lowest density of check-dams was only 0.005 counts km^(-2) in Qinghai ***,after decades of operation,3025 large check-dams and 2257 medium check dams are dangerous and have security risks,which are seriously threatening downstream *** dangerous rate of checkdams is ***,the check-dams in Shanxi and Qinghai Province have the highest dangerous rates,with both exceeding 53%.Therefore,there is an urgent need for carrying out reinforcement of the dangerous *** results are helpful to policymakers to extend and develop check-dams.

关键词： Check-dam Soil erosion Sediment Gully Dam failure Chinese Loess Plateau

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Field experiments on quantifying the contributions of Coreopsis canopies and roots to controlling runoff and erosion on steep loess slopes

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Journal of Mountain Science 2023年第5期20卷 1402-1423页

作者： GONG Yu-wei YU Hai-jun TIAN Pei guo wen-zhao CHEN Lin SHEN Ding-tao Key Laboratory for Geographical Process Analysis&Simulation of Hubei Province Central China Normal UniversityWuhan 430079China China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research Beijing 100038China State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau/Institute of Water and Soil Conservation Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China Department of Environmental Sciences University of California RiversideRiversideCA 92521USA

Grass recovery is often implemented in the loess area of China to control ***,the effect mechanisms of grass cover on runoff erosion dynamics on steep loess hillslopes is still not *** the typical forage species(Coreopsis)in semiarid areas as subject,this study quantified the effects of canopies and roots on controlling slope runoff and erosion.A series of field experiments were conducted in a loess hilly region of *** plots(5 m length,2 m width,25°slope gradient)constructed with three ground covers(bare soil;Coreopsis with intact grass;only roots of Coreopsis),were applied with simultaneous simulated rainfall(60mm h^(-1))and upslope inflow(10,30,50,70,90L min^(-1)).The results showed that compared with bare soil,intact grass significantly reduced runoff and soil loss rates by 16.6% and 62.4% on average,and decreased soil erodibility parameter by 66.3%.As inflow rate increased,the reductions in runoff and soil loss rates increased from 2.93 to 14.00 L min^(-1)and 35.11 to 121.96 g m^(-2)min^(-1),*** relatively contributed 66.7% to lowering flow velocity,turbulence,weakening erosive force and increasing hydraulic *** played a predominant role in reducing soil loss and enhancing soil antierodibility,with relative contributions of 78.8% and 73.8%.Furthermore,the maximum erosion depth reduced by Coreopsis was at the upper slope section which was previously eroded the *** results demonstrated the efficiency of Coreopsis cover in controlling runoff and erosion on steep loess slopes,especially under large inflow rates and at upper slope *** suggest protecting Coreopsis with intact grass at upper slope sections,while the aboveground grass biomass can be used for grazing or harvesting at middle and lower slope sections,with roots reserved.

关键词： Steep loess hillslopes Soil erosion Rill development Runoff hydraulics Spatial variations Coreopsis

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Adsorption behavior of petroleum asphaltenc Adsorption model

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Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering 2009年第4期3卷 53-58页

作者： ZHANG Lei QUE guo-he DENG wen-an zhao Li-wa College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering China University of Petroleum Qingdao Shandong 266555 China

Asphaltene is one of the most heavy components, asphaltene adsorption is a serious problem in oil production and processing. In this paper, the progress in the investigation of asphaltene adsorption from the aspects of adsorption model and adsorption behavior is reviewed. Asphaltene of adsorption model include the Langmuir, Freundlich, Langmuir-Freundlich, Rcdlich-Pctcrson, BET adsorption isothcrm. The adsorption behavior of asphaltene was characterized by a variety of structure-probing methods such as N：-adsorption, X-ray diffraction （XRD）, small-angle X-ray scattering （SAXS） measurements, and FT-IR spectroscopy. To understand better the adsorption progress of petroleum, asphaltene must understand the whole adsorption behavior of asphaltene.

关键词： petroleum asphaltene adsorption model Freundlich model Langmuir model

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Unraveling the significance of cobalt on transformation kinetics,crystallography and impact toughness in high-strength steels

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第2期32卷 380-390页

作者： Yishuang Yu Jingxiao zhao Xuelin Wang Hui guo Zhenjia Xie Chengjia Shang Collaborative Innovation Center of Steel Technology University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

This work reveals the significant effects of cobalt(Co)on the microstructure and impact toughness of as-quenched highstrength steels by experimental characterizations and thermo-kinetic *** results show that the Co-bearing steel exhibits finer blocks and a lower ductile-brittle transition temperature than the steel without ***,the Co-bearing steel reveals higher transformation rates at the intermediate stage with bainite volume fraction ranging from around 0.1 to *** improved impact toughness of the Co-bearing steel results from the higher dense block boundaries dominated by the V1/V2 variant ***,the addition of Co induces a larger transformation driving force and a lower bainite start temperature(BS),thereby contributing to the refinement of blocks and the increase of the V1/V2 variant *** findings would be instructive for the composition,microstructure design,and property optimization of high-strength steels.

关键词： high-strength steel cobalt transformation kinetics crystallography impact toughness

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锂硫电池循环过程中变形演化的直接观测

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无机材料学报 2017年第3期32卷 247-251页

作者：王宇晖靳俊郭战胜温兆银上海大学上海市应用数学和力学研究所上海200072 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所中国科学院能量转换材料重点实验室上海200050

实验设计了一种可实时原位观测锂硫电池电极变形及电化学反应过程的实验装置。实验中观测到充放电过程中的硫电极的弯曲形变,发现放电过程中硫正极形变增大,曲率增大,静置和充电过程中形变逐步还原,曲率随之减小。同时还发现随着电化学... 详细信息

实验设计了一种可实时原位观测锂硫电池电极变形及电化学反应过程的实验装置。实验中观测到充放电过程中的硫电极的弯曲形变,发现放电过程中硫正极形变增大,曲率增大,静置和充电过程中形变逐步还原,曲率随之减小。同时还发现随着电化学反应的进行,由于放电产物多硫化物的溶解,正极附近的电解液呈黄色且不断加深。结合扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察充放电前后的电极断面和表面的形貌,验证硫正极在充放电过程中出现明显的形变,从而导致电极曲率的变化。

关键词：锂硫电池弯曲形变电极膨胀透明电池硫电极

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基于孟德尔随机化探究多发性硬化症与炎症性肠病的双向因果关系

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现代预防医学 2024年第6期51卷 970-973+1023页

作者：郭文昭范颖李笑吕冠华辽宁中医药大学研究生学院辽宁中医药大学中医学院辽宁中医药大学附属第二医院

目的探究多发性硬化症(MS)与炎症性肠病(IBD)之间的双向因果关系。方法通过全基因组关联研究(GWAS)汇总数据集，其中MS数据包含14 498例样本，IBD数据包含24 865例样本，包括溃疡性结肠炎(UC)6 968例，克罗恩病(CD)17 897例。采用随... 详细信息

目的探究多发性硬化症(MS)与炎症性肠病(IBD)之间的双向因果关系。方法通过全基因组关联研究(GWAS)汇总数据集，其中MS数据包含14 498例样本，IBD数据包含24 865例样本，包括溃疡性结肠炎(UC)6 968例，克罗恩病(CD)17 897例。采用随机效应逆方差加权法(IVW)、加权中位数法(WME)、MR-Egger回归和加权模型进行MR分析。结果发现MS会增加UC的患病风险(IVW:OR=1.108;95%CI:1.012～1.213;P0.05);UC亦会增加患MS的风险，两者互为因果(IVW:OR=1.096;95%CI:1.027～1.169;P0.05);异质性检验结果P值均<0.001,故应重点关注随机效应IVW模型。结论 MS会导致患UC的风险升高，而对CD的效应不显著；IBD会增加MS患病风险。

关键词：多发性硬化症炎症性肠病孟德尔随机化

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Loss-of-function mutations of microRNA-142-3p promote ASH1L expression to induce immune evasion and hepatocellular carcinoma progression

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2025年第1期31卷 126-145页

作者： Xing-Hui Yu Yan Xie Jian Yu Kun-Ning Zhang Zhou-Bo guo Di Wang zhao-Xian Li Wei-Qi Zhang Yu-Ying Tan Li Zhang wen-Tao Jiang School of Medicine Nankai UniversityTianjin 300192China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment of Liver Cancer Tianjin First Center HospitalTianjin 300192China Department of Liver Transplantation Tianjin First Center HospitalTianjin 300192China First Central Clinical School Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjin 300192China

BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)has been a pervasive malignancy throughout the world with elevated *** therapeutic targets are beneficial to treat and predict the ***,the exact molecular mechanisms leading to the progression of HCC are still *** has shown that the microRNA-142-3p level decreases in HCC,whereas bioinformatics analysis of the cancer genome atlas database shows the ASH1L expression increased among liver tumor *** this paper,we will explore the effects and mechanisms of microRNA-142-3p and ASH1L affect the prognosis of HCC patients and HCC cell bioactivity,and the association between *** To investigate the effects and mechanisms of microRNA-142-3p and ASH1L on the HCC cell bioactivity and prognosis of HCC *** In this study,we grouped HCC patients according to their immunohistochemistry results of ASH1L with pathological tissues,and retrospectively analyzed the prognosis of HCC ***,explored the roles and mechanisms of microRNA-142-3p and ASH1L by cellular and animal experiments,which involved the following experimental methods:Immunohistochemical staining,western blot,quantitative real-time-polymerase chain reaction,flow cytometric analysis,tumor xenografts in nude mice,*** statistical methods involved in this study contained t-test,one-way analysis of variance,theχ^(2)test,the Kaplan-Meier approach and the log-rank *** In this study,we found that HCC patients with high expression of ASH1L possess a more recurrence rate as well as a decreased overall survival ***1L promotes the tumorigenicity of HCC and microRNA-142-3p exhibits reduced expression in HCC tissues and interacts with ASH1L through targeting the ASH1L 3′untranslated ***,microRNA-142-3p promotes apoptosis and inhibits proliferation,invasion,and migration of HCC cell lines in vitro via *** the exploration mechanism,we found ASH1L may promote an immunosuppressive mi

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma MicroRNA-142-3p ASH1L Immune evasion Tumor immune microenvironment Apoptosis

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黄土高塬沟壑区植被恢复对不同地貌部位土壤可蚀性的影响

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自然资源学报 2020年第2期35卷 387-398页

作者：陈卓鑫王文龙郭明明王天超郭文召王文鑫康宏亮杨波赵满西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室杨凌712100 中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所杨凌712100 黄河勘测规划设计研究院有限公司郑州450003

通过采集不同地貌部位(塬面、塬坡和沟坡)各土地利用(农地、草地、灌木地和林地)坡面土壤和根系样品,采用综合土壤可蚀性指数(CSEI)评价了植被恢复对土壤可蚀性的影响。结果表明:(1)不同地貌部位的CSEI差异显著,沟坡CSEI较塬坡和塬面分... 详细信息

通过采集不同地貌部位(塬面、塬坡和沟坡)各土地利用(农地、草地、灌木地和林地)坡面土壤和根系样品,采用综合土壤可蚀性指数(CSEI)评价了植被恢复对土壤可蚀性的影响。结果表明:(1)不同地貌部位的CSEI差异显著,沟坡CSEI较塬坡和塬面分别增加8.1%和77.7%。(2)塬面草地、灌木地和林地的CSEI较农地分别降低21.1%、29.2%和28.8%;而塬坡和沟坡林地CSEI均低于其他土地利用。(3)CSEI与粘粒含量、砂粒含量、毛管孔隙度、根重密度、根平均直径、根长密度及根表面积密度均呈极显著负相关,而与粉粒含量和土壤容重呈显著正相关关系;粉粒含量、土壤容重和根重密度是影响CSEI的关键因素,其中粉粒含量对CSEI的直接影响最大,而根重密度通过直接或间接作用对CSEI产生负相关影响。建议在塬面上以灌木作为植被恢复模式的首选,而在塬坡和沟坡上选择以乔木为优势群落的恢复模式对水土流失的控制更为有效。

关键词：土壤可蚀性地貌部位土地利用植被恢复土壤特性根系特征黄土高原

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The detection, extraction and parameter estimation of extreme-mass-ratio inspirals with deep learning

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 86-96页

作者： Qianyun Yun wen-Biao Han Yi-Yang guo He Wang Minghui Du Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Physics and Astronomy Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Astronomy and Space Science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Taiji Laboratory for Gravitational Wave Universe (Beijing/Hangzhou) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou Center for Theoretical Physics Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics of Gansu Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Theory and Applications of MoE Lanzhou University Institute of Theoretical Physics & Research Center of Gravitation Lanzhou University International Centre for Theoretical Physics Asia-Pacific (ICTP-AP) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS) Center for Gravitational Wave Experiment National Microgravity Laboratory Institute of Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences

One of the primary goals of space-borne gravitational wave detectors is to detect and analyze extreme-mass-ratio inspirals(EMRIs). This task is particularly challenging because EMRI signals are complex, lengthy, and faint. In this work, we introduce a2-layer convolutional neural network(CNN) approach to detect EMRI signals for space-borne detectors, achieving a true positive rate(TPR) of 96.9% at a 1% false positive rate(FPR) for signal-to-noise ratio(SNR) from 50 to 100. Especially, the key intrinsic parameters of EMRIs such as the mass, spin of the supermassive black hole(SMBH) and the initial eccentricity of the orbit can also be inferred directly by employing a neural network. The mass and spin of the SMBH can be determined at 99% and 92% respectively. This will greatly reduce the parameter spaces and computing cost for the following Bayesian parameter *** model also has a low dependency on the accuracy of the waveform model. This study underscores the potential of deep learning methods in EMRI data analysis, enabling the rapid detection of EMRI signals and efficient parameter estimation.

关键词： gravitational wave EMRIs deep-learing

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