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耐高温胁迫西葫芦种质资源评价和筛选

山东农业大学学报（自然科学版） 2024年第5期55卷 804-813页

作者：刘屿洲顾小煜杨凤娟李兴盛袁晓伟季托李静山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院山东泰安271018 农业农村部黄淮地区园艺作物生物学与种质创制重点实验室山东泰安271018 山东果蔬优质高效生产协同创新中心山东泰安271018 华盛农业集团股份有限公司山东潍坊262500

为筛选耐高温的西葫芦(Cucurbita pepo L.)种质材料,本试验以30份西葫芦种质资源为材料,分别设置了常温、高温两组不同温度处理,测定了不同处理后7 d的生长指标(株高、茎粗、全株叶面积、地上部鲜重、地上部干重、地下部鲜重、地下部干... 详细信息

为筛选耐高温的西葫芦(Cucurbita pepo L.)种质材料,本试验以30份西葫芦种质资源为材料,分别设置了常温、高温两组不同温度处理,测定了不同处理后7 d的生长指标(株高、茎粗、全株叶面积、地上部鲜重、地上部干重、地下部鲜重、地下部干重)、相对电导率、丙二醛含量及热害指数。结果表明:高温下30份西葫芦种质资源的各项指标均呈显著性差异。根据聚类分析及隶属函数分析,可将30份西葫芦种质资源分为高温耐受性强、中、敏感三大类,筛选强高温耐受性品种为11号、27号、3号、8号、4号。相对电导率与丙二醛含量与热害指数有较高的相关性,可以作为评价西葫芦种质资源耐高温能力的快捷评价指标。

关键词：高温西葫芦种质资源筛选

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外生菌根菌丝桥在板栗幼苗间传递磷的效应

生态学报 2003年第4期23卷 765-770页

作者：徐冰冯固潘家荣秦岭李晓林中国农业大学资源与环境学院植物营养系中国农业科学院原子能研究所北京100094 北京农学院园艺系北京102206

采用 32 p示踪和 4室根箱方法研究了外生菌根菌丝桥对板栗磷营养和植株间磷素传递作用的效应。给一株板栗幼苗 (供体 )接种外生菌根真菌美味牛肝菌 ( Boletusedulis)、褐环乳牛肝菌 ( Suillusluteus) ,菌根真菌在侵染供体植物以后其根... 详细信息

采用 32 p示踪和 4室根箱方法研究了外生菌根菌丝桥对板栗磷营养和植株间磷素传递作用的效应。给一株板栗幼苗 (供体 )接种外生菌根真菌美味牛肝菌 ( Boletusedulis)、褐环乳牛肝菌 ( Suillusluteus) ,菌根真菌在侵染供体植物以后其根外菌丝继续生长并侵染邻近的另外一株板栗植株 (受体 )。同位素示踪试验表明 ,供体板栗体内的 32 p可通过菌丝桥传递给受体板栗 ,受体植株不仅根中 32 p放射性强度高于对照 ,而且茎中32 p强度也显著高于对照。说明外生菌根真菌在不同板栗植株间形成了菌丝桥 ,但是菌丝桥传递的磷的数量很有限 ,仅占供体植株体内总磷量的 5 %～ 8%。美味牛肝菌和褐环乳牛肝菌侵染供体板栗植株以后 ,使植株含磷量、总吸磷量和生物量较对照明显增加。受体板栗幼苗在菌丝桥建立以后其植株含磷量和总吸磷量显著高于对照 ,但生物量与对照没有显著差别。

关键词：菌丝桥板栗养分传递磷营养传递作用

棉花-花生轮作下的根系土壤细菌群落结构及功能分析

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中国油料作物学报 2024年第3期46卷 625-634页

作者：崔福洋侯献飞苗昊翠贾东海顾元国陈晓露李强施俊杰汪天玲高君胡凤仪宋贤明张云罗玉涛黄奕尚随腾张帆伊犁师范大学新疆伊犁835000 新疆农业科学院经济作物研究所新疆乌鲁木齐830091

为了提升棉花和花生产量,开展棉花-花生轮作模式研究,分析轮作模式下土壤根系微生物的群落结构与功能。以棉花连作、花生连作、棉花花生轮作、花生棉花轮作和休耕为研究对象,探明轮作后作物根际土壤微生物群落结构变化,利用16S rrNA基... 详细信息

为了提升棉花和花生产量,开展棉花-花生轮作模式研究,分析轮作模式下土壤根系微生物的群落结构与功能。以棉花连作、花生连作、棉花花生轮作、花生棉花轮作和休耕为研究对象,探明轮作后作物根际土壤微生物群落结构变化,利用16S rrNA基因高通量测序技术分析根系细菌群落结构与功能。结果发现:轮作提高了根系细菌群落的多样性;土壤样本中共获得5009952个有效序列,休耕模式下OTU(operational taxonomic units)含量最多。在轮作种植模式中变形菌门、酸杆菌门和放线菌门为优势菌门;其次轮作模式增加了厚壁菌门、拟杆菌门和芽单胞菌门的丰富度。根据功能不同,将菌群共划分为8类,轮作出现较多微生物基因遗传相关的功能类群,整体以代谢相关的类群居多,与人类和植物病原菌的功能蛋白组富集明显。由此得出,棉花,花生轮作能够提高微生物丰富度,增加多样性,改变土壤微生物群落结构,促进作物根系对营养物质的吸收,提高作物产量。

关键词：棉花-花生轮作细菌群落 pICrUSt功能预测

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Fast tracking alien gene discovery by molecular markers in a late flowering Chinese cabbage-cabbage translocation line‘AT7–4'

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Horticultural plant Journal 2023年第1期9卷 89-97页

作者： Hui Li Aixia gu Daling feng Na Li rui Yang Xinpei Zhang Shuangxia luo Umer Karamat Qianyun Wang Shuxin Xuan Xueping Chen Yin Lu Yanhua Wang Shuxing Shen Jianjun Zhao State Key Laboratory of North china Crop Improvement and regulation Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of HebeiCollaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in HebeiBaodingHebei 071000China College of horticulture Hebei Agricultural UniversityBaodingHebei 071000China College of Life Science Hebei Agricultural UniversityBaodingHebei 071000China

Flowering time is an important agronomic trait of Chinese cabbage with late flowering being a primary breeding *** our previous work,we obtained Chinese cabbage-cabbage translocation lines that contained several beneficial cabbage ***-specific molecular markers show that these genes were coming from chromosome C01 of *** this study,we investigated the inheritance of flowering time in a couple of translocation lines and analyzed the transmission rate of molecular markers in the ***,we obtained the late flowering Chinese cabbage-cabbage translocation line‘AT7–4’in which the flowering time was later than that of‘85–1’by about 7 days under 4-week *** on previous studies of the genomes of Chinese cabbage and cabbage,we located the cabbage-specific molecular markers that were closely linked at the top of the chromosome A01 in the F2mapping population generated by self-crossing F1s derived from a cross between the translocation line‘AT7–4’and Chinese cabbage‘14–36’.Five flowering-related genes in the alien fragment were found by functional annotation and their molecular markers were *** study lays the foundation for the future improvement of Chinese cabbage varieties using A-C translocation lines.

关键词： Chinese cabbage Translocation line Alien gene Molecular marker Late flowering

Construction of a high-density mutant population of Chinese cabbage facilitates the genetic dissection of agronomic traits

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Molecular plant 2022年第5期15卷 913-924页

作者： xiaoxue Sun Xing Li Yin Lu Shan Wang xiaomeng Zhang Kang Zhang Xiangjie Su Mengyang Liu Daling feng Shuangxia luo Aixia gu Yu Fu Xueping Chen Shuxin Xuan Yanhua Wang Donghui Xu Shumin Chen Wei Ma Shuxing Shen feng Cheng Jianjun Zhao State Key Laboratory of North china Crop Improvement and regulation Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of HebeiCollaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in HebeiCollege of HorticultureHebei Agricultural UniversityBaoding 071000China Institute of Vegetables and Flowers Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesKey Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsSino-Dutch Joint Laboratory of Horticultural GenomicsBeijing 271000China

Chinese cabbage(Brassica rapa ***)is an economically important vegetable crop throughout the world,especially in ***-quality genome sequences are available for Chinese cabbage,but gene functional studies remain *** promote functional genomic studies of Chinese cabbage,we generated an ethyl methane sulfonate(EMS)mutant population of~8000 M_(2) plants using the double haploid inbred line A03 as the *** genome of A03 was sequenced and used as a reference for high-throughput functional characterization of gene mutations at the whole-genome level.A total of 300 M_(2) to M_(5) EMS mutants were phenotypically screened and then sequenced,revealing 750629 SNps and 46272 InDel mutations that cover 98.27%of all predicted genes in the A03 genome.A forward-genetics approach was successfully used to identify two genes with chloroplast-related functions that are responsible for the yellow leaf mutant trait.A reverse-genetics approach was also used to identify associations between mutations in five genes of the glucosinolate biosynthetic pathway and variations in glucosinolate content of the mutant *** addition,we built the Chinese cabbage EMS mutation database(CCEMD,***/EMSmutation/home)to increase the usability of this mutant population *** summary,we performed large-scale screening of a heading Chinese cabbage EMS mutant collection at the phenotypic and genotypic levels,which will facilitate gene mining of Chinese cabbage and might also be useful for the study of other Brassica crops.

关键词： Chinese cabbage EMS morphological variations whole-genome sequencing functional genomics

Hormones and carbohydrates synergistically regulate the formation of swollen roots in a Chinese cabbage translocation line

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horticulture research 2023年第8期10卷 44-58页

作者： xiaojing ren Wei Ma Shuxin Xuan Dandan Li Yanhua Wang Yuanchao Xu Daling feng Jianjun Zhao Xueping Chen Shuangxia luo Shuxing Shen Aixia gu State Key Laboratory of North china Crop Improvement and regulation Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of HebeiCollaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in HebeiCollege of HorticultureHebei Agricultural University071000 BaodingChina

The genus Brassica contains a rich diversity of species and morphological types,including leaf,root,and oil crops,all of which show substantial phenotypic *** Chinese cabbage and cabbage are typical leaf-type crops with normal *** created translocation lines based on interspecific crosses between Chinese cabbage and cabbage and identified qdh225,which exhibited a swollen-root *** swollen root of qdh225 contained a large number of granular substances,and the formation of its irregular morphological tissue was caused by a thickening of the *** and metabolomic data suggested that differential expression of genes encoding nine types of enzymes involved in starch and sucrose metabolism caused changes in starch synthesis and degradation in the swollen *** genes jointly regulated sucrose and starch levels,leading to significant enrichment of starch and soluble proteins in the swollen root and a reduction in the content of soluble sugars such as d-glucose and trehalose 6-phosphate.A significant increase in auxin(IAA)and abscisic acid(ABA)contents and a decrease in gibberellin(GA)content in the swollen root likely promoted the differential expression of genes associated with hormone signal transduction,thereby regulating the development of the swollen *** together,our data suggest that accumulation of IAA and ABA and reduction in GA promote swollen root formation by regulating hormone-mediated signaling,leading to a thickening of phloem,root enlargement,and substantial accumulation of starch and soluble *** latter provide materials,energy,and nutrient sources for the development of swollen roots.

关键词： crops roots synergistic

Genetic analysis of the “head top shape” quality trait of Chinese cabbage and its association with rosette leaf variation

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horticulture research 2021年第1期8卷 1374-1385页

作者： xiaoxue Sun Ying Gao Yin Lu xiaomeng Zhang Shuangxia luo Xing Li Mengyang Liu Daling feng Aixia gu Xueping Chen Shuxin Xuan Yanhua Wang Shuxing Shen guusje Bonnema Jianjun Zhao State Key Laboratory of North china Crop Improvement and regulation Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of HebeiCollaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in HebeiCollege of HorticultureHebei Agricultural University071000 BaodingChina plant Breeding Wageningen University and ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands

The agricultural and consumer quality of Chinese cabbage is determined by its *** shape is defined by the folding of the heading leaves,which defines the head top shape(HTS).The overlapping HTS,in which the heading leaves curve inward and overlap at the top,is the shape preferred by *** understand the genetic regulation of HTS,we generated a large segregating F 2 population from a cross between pak choi and Chinese cabbage,with phenotypes ranging from nonheading to heading with either outward curving or inward curving overlapping heading *** was correlated with plant height,outer/rosette leaf length,and petiole length.A high-density genetic map was *** trait locus(QTL)analysis resulted in the identification of 22 QTLs for leafy head-related traits,which included five HTS *** segregant analysis(BSA)was used to confirm HTS QTLs and identify candidate genes based on informative single-nucleotide ***,the HTS QTLs colocalized with QTLs for plant height,outer/rosette leaf,and petiole length,consistent with the observed phenotypic *** QTL analysis and BSA laid a foundation for molecular marker-assisted breeding of Chinese cabbage HTS and directions for further research on the genetic regulation of this trait.

关键词： heading trait breeding

乳酸菌及纤维素酶对不同藜麦秸秆青贮发酵品质的影响

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草地学报 2022年第10期30卷 2827-2833页

作者：赵小雪王仕玉郭凤根罗富成云南农业大学动物科学技术学院云南昆明650201 云南农业大学园林园艺学院云南昆明650201

为研究添加剂对藜麦(Chenopodium quinoa Willd.)秸秆青贮发酵品质的影响,本试验以白藜、红藜、黑藜为材料,设对照(CK)、乳酸菌(植物乳杆菌,0.02 g·kg^(-1),LAB)、纤维素酶(绿色木酶,0.5 g·kg^(-1),CEL)处理,60 d后分析发酵品质。结... 详细信息

为研究添加剂对藜麦(Chenopodium quinoa Willd.)秸秆青贮发酵品质的影响,本试验以白藜、红藜、黑藜为材料,设对照(CK)、乳酸菌(植物乳杆菌,0.02 g·kg^(-1),LAB)、纤维素酶(绿色木酶,0.5 g·kg^(-1),CEL)处理,60 d后分析发酵品质。结果表明:不同添加剂、不同品种的藜麦秸秆及二者的交互作用对青贮饲料的粗蛋白、pH值、乳酸、乙酸含量有极显著影响(ppH值(ppH值、氨态氮/总氮显著高于黑藜和红藜(p<0.05);LAB处理的白藜及CEL处理的黑藜相对饲喂价值较高,等级为3级,LAB处理的黑藜及CEL处理的3种秸秆粗饲料分级指数较高,等级为4级。通过隶属函数法分析,添加剂可以提高秸秆的青贮品质,其中CEL处理的红藜效果最佳,此结果为藜麦资源的合理利用提供一定的理论依据。

关键词：藜麦秸秆青贮乳酸菌纤维素酶发酵品质

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微波加工全玉米发糕的研究

沈阳农业大学学报 2017年第5期48卷 547-553页

作者：顾丰颖马想琴王小鹤宁吉英高萍萍罗其琪曹晶晶王锋中国农业科学院农产品加工研究所/农业部农产品加工综合性重点实验室北京100193 辽宁省农业科学院食品与加工研究所沈阳110161

玉米发糕是我国北方地区传统的发酵食品,是符合大众健康消费趋势的健康粗粮主食。微波加工技术可以有效提高主食加工效率,节能、降低营养损失、方便快捷,在工业化生产和家庭烹制中均适用。以全玉米粉为原料,采用微波加工技术,开展单因... 详细信息

玉米发糕是我国北方地区传统的发酵食品,是符合大众健康消费趋势的健康粗粮主食。微波加工技术可以有效提高主食加工效率,节能、降低营养损失、方便快捷,在工业化生产和家庭烹制中均适用。以全玉米粉为原料,采用微波加工技术,开展单因素及正交优化试验,分析发酵时间、加水量、微波剂量、微波时间等对全玉米发糕的品质特性的影响,获得优化的微波加工工艺为:每100g全玉米粉加水量120 mL,发酵30min,微波剂量4.2W·g^(-1),微波时间150s。采用TpA质构分析、气孔形态分析及感官评价对微波加工玉米发糕与蒸制玉米发糕的质构、内部气孔结构及综合感官等品质特性进行比较。结果表明:微波加工玉米发糕的硬度为(1322.18±126.13)g,黏聚性(0.55±0.01),咀嚼性(660.59±66.68)及回复性(0.53±0.01),略高于蒸制发糕[硬度为(1003.72±33.80)g,黏聚性(0.53±0.01),咀嚼性(494.42±19.51)及回复性(0.47±0.01)]。通过微波加工的玉米发糕的横切面气孔细密均匀,单位面积里气孔数量[(211.67±4.29)个·4cm^(-2)]略多于蒸制发糕[(198.33±3.69)个·4cm-2],气孔尺寸较小[(796.36±37.89)mm^2],但表面分率没有显著差异。感官评价结果显示,微波加工玉米发糕风味浓郁,口感好,感官综合评价较高。微波加工玉米发糕加工工艺的研究为满足日益增长的安全营养方便的粗粮主食消费需求提供了新的选择,为微波主食加工技术的开发提供了科学数据。

关键词：微波玉米发糕质构感官评价