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The rice OsV4 encoding a novel pentatricopeptide repeat protein is required for chloroplast development during the early leaf stage under cold stress

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2014年第4期56卷 400-410页

作者： Xiaodi gong Qianqian Su Dongzhi Lin Quan Jiang Jianlong Xu Jianhui Zhang Sheng Teng Yanjun Dong Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources College of Life and Environmental Sciences Shanghai Normal University Institute of Crop Sciences the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences the Chinese Academy of Sciences

Pentatricopeptide repeat （PPR） proteins, charac- terized by tandem arrays of a 35 amino acid motif, have been suggested to play central and broad roles in modulating the expression of organelle genes in plants. However, the molecular mechanisms of most rice PPR genes remains unclear. In this paper, we isolated and characterized a temperature-conditional virescent mutant, OsV4, in rice （Oryza sativa cultivar Jiahual （WT, japonica rice variety））. The mutant displays albino phenotype and abnormal chloroplasts at the three leaf stage, which gradually turns green after the four leaf stage at a low temperature （20℃）. But the mutant always develops green leaves and well-developed chloroplasts at a high temperature （32℃）. Genetic and molecular analyses uncovered that OsV4 encodes a novel chloroplast-targeted PPR protein including four PPR motifs. Further investigations show that the mutant phenotype is associated with changes in chlorophyll content and chloroplast development. The OsV4 transcripts only accumulate to high levels in young leaves, indicating that its expression is tissue-specific. In addition, transcript levels of some ribosomal components and plastid- encoded polymerase-dependent genes are dramatically re- duced in the albino mutants grown at 20℃. These findings suggest that OsV4 plays an important role during early chloroplast development under cold stress in rice.

关键词： Chloroplast development pentatricopeptide repeat plastid-encoded polymerase rice virescent

Discussion on several statistical problems in establishing quality standards of standard decoctions

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Chinese Herbal Medicines 2022年第1期14卷 36-47页

作者： Shishi Gu Peiying Lin Runling Ou junlin Guo Xingchu gong Institute of Pharmaceutical Informatics College of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Graduate School of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin 300193China

Since 2016,a number of studies have been published on standard decoctions used in Chinese ***,there is little research on statistical issues related to establishing the quality standards for standard *** view of the currently established quality standard methods for standard decoctions,an improvement scheme is proposed from a statistical *** review explores the requirements for dry matter yield rate data and index component transfer data for the application of two methods specified in‘‘Technical Requirements for Quality Control and Standard Establishment of Chinese Medicine Formula Granules,"which include the average value plus or minus three times the standard deviation (■±3SD) or 70%to 130%of the average value (■±30%■).The square-root arcsine transformation method is used as an approach to solve the problem of unreasonable standard ranges of standard *** review also proposes the use of merged data to establish a standard.A method to judge whether multiple sets of standard decoction data can be merged is also *** multiple sets of data have a similar central tendency and a similar discrete tendency,they can be merged to establish a more reliable quality *** that the dry matter yield rate and transfer rate conform to a binomial distribution,the number of batches of prepared slices that are needed to establish the standard decoction quality standard is *** is recommended that no less than 30 batches of prepared slices should be used for the establishment of standard decoction quality standards.

关键词： merging multiple sets of data method application conditions number of batches quality standard square-root arcsine transformation standard decoction

Thermal dynamics of the permafrost active layer under increased precipitation at the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

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Journal of Mountain Science 2019年第2期16卷 309-322页

作者： LI De-sheng WEN Zhi CHENG Qian-gong XING Ai-guo ZHANG Ming-li LI An-yuan State Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University State Key Laboratory of Frozen Soil Engineering Northwest Institute of Eco-Environmental and ResourcesCAS Department of Geological Engineering Southwest Jiaotong University Department of Civil Engineering Lanzhou University of Technology Department of Civil Engineering Shaoxing University

Precipitation has a significant influence on the hydro-thermal state of the active layer in permafrost regions, which disturbs the surface energy balance, carbon flux, ecosystem, hydrological cycles and landscape processes. To better understand the hydro-thermal dynamics of active layer and the interactions between rainfall and permafrost, we applied the coupled heat and mass transfer model for soil-plant-atmosphere system into high-altitude permafrost regions in this study. Meteorological data, soil temperature, heat flux and moisture content from different depths within the active layer were used to calibrate and validate this model. Thereafter, the precipitation was increased to explore the effect of recent climatic wetting on the thermal state of the active layer. The primary results demonstrate that the variation of active layer thickness under the effect of short-term increased precipitation is not obvious, while soil surface heat flux can show the changing trends of thermal state in active layer, which should not be negligible. An increment in year-round precipitation leads to a cooling effect on active layers in the frozen season, i.e. verifying the insulating effect of "snow cover". However, in the thawed season, the increased precipitation created a heating effect on active layers, i.e. facilitating the degradation of permafrost. The soil thermal dynamic in single precipitation event reveals that the precipitation event seems to cool the active layer, while compared with the results under increased precipitation, climatic wetting trend has a different influence on the permafrost evolution.

关键词： Active layer Precipitation Qinghai-Tibet plateau Hydro-thermal dynamic

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我国养老保险制度改革对工资增长影响的分析

财经问题研究 2009年第5期 25-31页

作者：杨俊龚六堂中国人民大学劳动人事学院北京100872 北京大学光华管理学院北京100871

随着我国养老保险事业改革的不断推进,统筹层次不断提高和覆盖范围的逐渐扩大,养老保险制度会对宏观经济的均衡工资率水平产生何种程度的影响是亟待研究的重大问题。本文选择我国养老保险制度在1997年和2005年的改革为研究对象,通过建... 详细信息

随着我国养老保险事业改革的不断推进,统筹层次不断提高和覆盖范围的逐渐扩大,养老保险制度会对宏观经济的均衡工资率水平产生何种程度的影响是亟待研究的重大问题。本文选择我国养老保险制度在1997年和2005年的改革为研究对象,通过建立一般均衡模型从理论上分析了我国养老保险改革对工资总额增长率的影响,并结合来自《中国统计年鉴》的数据客观全面地评估养老保险制度改革与工资增长率之间的关系。本文研究结论为:1997年的改革提高了缴费率水平,降低了国有企业的工资总额增长率;而2005年的改革加大了养老金计发工资基数的激励系数,提高了国有企业工资总额的增长率。

关键词：养老保险制度改革有效劳动供给生命周期效用

Failure mechanism and coupled static-dynamic loading theory in deep hard rock mining: A review

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2017年第4期9卷 767-782页

作者： Xibing Li Fengqiang gong Ming Tao Longjun Dong Kun Du Chunde Ma Zilong Zhou Tubing Yin School of Resources and Safety Engineering Central South University Changsha 410083 China Hunan Key Laboratory of Resources Exploitation and Hazard Control for Deep Metal Mines Central South University Changsha 410083 China Institute of Mechanics for Engineering Materials Advanced Research Center Central South University Changsha 410083 China

Rock failure phenomena,such as rockburst,slabbing(or spalling) and zonal disintegration,related to deep underground excavation of hard rocks are frequently reported and pose a great threat to deep ***,the explanation for these failure phenomena using existing dynamic or static rock mechanics theory is not *** this study,new theory and testing method for deep underground rock mass under coupled static-dynamic loading are *** types of coupled loading modes,i.e.'critical static stress + slight disturbance' and 'elastic static stress + impact disturbance',are proposed,and associated test devices are *** phenomena of hard rocks under coupled static-dynamic loading are successfully reproduced in the laboratory,and the rockburst mechanism and related criteria are *** results of true triaxial unloading compression tests on granite and red sandstone indicate that the unloading can induce slabbing when the confining pressure exceeds a certain threshold,and the slabbing failure strength is lower than the shear failure strength according to the conventional Mohr-Column *** results indicate that the rock unloading failure response under different in situ stresses and unloading rates can be characterized by an equivalent strain energy *** addition,we present a new microseismic source location method without premeasuring the sound wave velocity in rock mass,which can efficiently and accurately locate the rock failure in hard rock ***,a new idea for deep hard rock mining using a non-explosive continuous mining method is briefly introduced.

关键词： Deep rock mechanics Coupled static-dynamic loading Rockburst Discontinuous rock failure Microseismic source location Continuous mining

秋茄红树林湿地土壤呼吸昼夜变化及其温度敏感性

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厦门大学学报（自然科学版） 2012年第4期51卷 793-797页

作者：卢昌义金亮叶勇叶功富厦门大学环境与生态学院近海海洋环境科学国家重点实验室福建厦门361005 福建省林业科学研究院福建福州350012

采用LI-8100全自动土壤CO2通量测定系统于2010年7月和10月及2011年1月和4月分别对九龙江口秋茄(Kandelia candel)红树林湿地土壤呼吸的昼夜变化进行测定.结果表明,10月和4月的土壤呼吸速率昼夜变化表现为单峰型,日最高值出现在14:00,最... 详细信息

采用LI-8100全自动土壤CO2通量测定系统于2010年7月和10月及2011年1月和4月分别对九龙江口秋茄(Kandelia candel)红树林湿地土壤呼吸的昼夜变化进行测定.结果表明,10月和4月的土壤呼吸速率昼夜变化表现为单峰型,日最高值出现在14:00,最低值出现在00:00;而7月和1月的昼夜变化则显示出不同的趋势,最大值分别出现在10:00和08:00而最低值分别出现在22:00和04:00,样地土壤呼吸速率的日均值出现在06:00—10:00.指数回归分析显示,秋茄红树林湿地土壤呼吸速率变化与土壤温度呈极显著的正相关(p<0.01),5cm层土壤的温度变化可以解释秋茄红树林湿地土壤呼吸速率变化的74.4%.

关键词：红树林湿地秋茄土壤呼吸土壤温度昼夜变化

Reactive oxygen species signaling and stomatal movement in plant responses to drought stress and pathogen attack

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2018年第9期60卷 805-826页

作者： junsheng Qi Chun-Peng Song Baoshan Wang Jianmin Zhou Jaakko Kangasjarvi Jian-Kang Zhu Zhizhong gong State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry College of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Collaborative Innovation Center of Crop Stress Biology Henan ProvinceInstitute of Plant Stress BiologyHenan UniversityKaifeng 475001China Key Lab of Plant Stress Research College of Life ScienceShandong Normal UniversityJi'nan 250000China State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Division of Plant Biology Viikki Plant Science CentreDepartment of BiosciencesUniversity of Helsinki00014 HelsinkiFinland Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology Shanghai Institutes for Biological SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032China Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47907USA

Stomata, the pores formed by a pair of guard cells, are the main gateways for water transpiration and photosynthetic CO2 exchange, as well as pathogen invasion in land plants. Guard cell movement is regulated by a combination of environmental factors, including water status, light, CO2 levels and pathogen attack, as well as endogenous signals, such as abscisic acid and apoplastic reactive oxygen species （ROS）. Under abiotic and biotic stress conditions, extracellular ROS are mainly produced by plasma membrane-localized NADPH oxidases, whereas intracellular ROS are produced in multiple organelles. These ROS form a sophisticated cellular signaling network, with the accumulation of apoplastic ROS an early hallmark of stomatal movement. Here, we review recent progress in understanding the molecular mechanisms of the ROS signaling network, primarily during drought stress and pathogen attack. We summarize the roles of apoplastic ROS in regulating stomatal movement, ABA and CO2 signaling, and immunity responses. Finally, we discuss ROS accumulation and communication between organelles and cells. This information provides a conceptual framework for understanding how ROS signaling is integrated with various signaling pathways during plant responses to abiotic and biotic stress stimuli.

关键词： ROS Reactive oxygen species signaling and stomatal movement in plant responses to drought stress and pathogen attack ABA

Comparative proteomes change and possible role in different pathways of micro RNA-21a-5p in a mouse model of spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第6期15卷 1102-1110页

作者： Almaghalsa-Ziad Mohammed Hong-Xia Du Hong-Liang Song Wei-Ming gong Bin Ning Tang-Hong Jia Department of Spinal Surgery Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University

Our previous study found that microRNA-21 a-5 p(miR-21 a-5 p)knockdown could improve the recovery of motor function after spinal cord injury in a mouse model,but the precise molecular mechanism remains poorly *** this study,a modified Allen's weight drop was used to establish a mouse model of spinal cord injury.A proteomics approach was used to understand the role of differential protein expression with miR-21 a-5 p knockdown,using a mouse model of spinal cord injury without gene knockout as a negative control *** found that after introducing miR-21 a-5 p knockdown,proteins that played an essential role in the regulation of inflammatory processes,cell protection against oxidative stress,cell redox homeostasis,and cell maintenance were upregulated compared with the negative control *** Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis identified enriched pathways in both groups,such as the oxidative phosphorylation pathway,which is relevant to Parkinson's disease,Huntington's disease,Alzheimer's disease,and cardiac muscle *** also found that miR-21 a-5 p could be a potential biomarker for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,as miR-21 a-5 p becomes deregulated in this *** results indicate successful detection of some important proteins that play potential roles in spinal cord *** the relationship between these proteins and the recovery of spinal cord injury will provide a reference for future research of spinal cord injury *** experimental procedures and protocols were approved by the Experimental Animal Ethics Committee of Shandong University of China on March 5,2014.

关键词： bioinformatics biomarker inflammation micro RNA mitochondria mouse pathway analysis proteomics spinal cord injury stathmin

Dipole-moment-induced effect on contact electrification for triboelectric nanogenerators

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Nano Research 2014年第7期7卷 990-997页

作者： Peng Bai Guang Zhu Yu Sheng Zhou Sihong Wang Jusheng Ma gong Zhang Zhong Lin Wang School of Materials Science and Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta Georgia 30332-0245 USA Department of Mechanical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

Triboelectric nanogenerators （TENGs） have been demonstrated as an effective way to harvest mechanical energy to drive small electronics. The density of triboelectric charges generated on contact surfaces between two distinct materials is a critical factor for dictating the output power. We demonstrate an approach to effectively tune the triboelectric properties of materials by taking advantage of the dipole moment in polarized polyvinylidene fluoride （PVDF）, leading to substantial enhancement of the output power density of the TENG. The output voltage ranged from 72 V to 215 V under a constant contact force of 50 N. This work not only provides a new method of enhancing output power of TENGs, but also offers an insight into charge transfer in contact electrification by investigating dipole-moment-induced effects on the electrical output of TENGs.

关键词： triboelectricnanogenerator modulation dipole moment