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Impact of numerous larval diets on the biology of pink bollworm Pectinophora gossypiella(Saunders)(Lepidoptera:Gelechiidae)under laboratory conditions

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Journal of Cotton Research 2024年第1期7卷 69-78页

作者： AKHTAR Shamim ARIF m.ham.ad Jalal gogi m.ham.ad dildar HAQ Imran-ul Department of Entomology University of Agriculture FaisalabadPunjabPakistan Ayub Agricultural Research Institute(Entomological Research Institute) FaisalabadPunjabPakistan Department of Plant Pathology University of AgricultureFaisalabadPunjabPakistan

Background Pink bollworm,Pectinophora gossypiella(Saunders)(Lepidoptera:Gelechiidae)has become a poten-tial pest of cotton by causing substantial yield losses around the world including *** in view the facts like limited research investigations,unavailability,and high cost of artificial diet’s constituents and their premixes,the present research investigations on the dietary aspect of *** were *** larvae of *** were reared on different diets that were prepared using indigenous *** standard/laboratory diet com-prised of wheat germ meal 34.5 g,casein 30.0 g,agar–agar 20.0 g,sucrose 10.0 g,brewer’s yeast 5.0 g,α-cellulose 1.0 g,potassium-sorbate1.5 g,niplagin 0.5 g,decavitamin 0.01 g,choline-chloride 0.06 g,maize-oil 3.30 g,honey 2.0 g,and water 730.0 *** to cotton bolls and wheat germ meal were okra seed sprouts,okra fruit,cottonseed meal,and okra seed meals,which were included in the study to introduce an efficient and economic mass-rearing *** The larval development completed in 19.68d±0.05 d with a weight of 20.18mg±0.20 mg at the fourth instar fed on the cottonseed meal-based diet instead of wheat germ meal based *** the same diet,84.00%±4.00%,17.24 mg±0.03 mg,and 7.76d±0.06 d were recorded as pupae formation,pupal weight,and pupal duration,*** emergence,76.00%±1.00%was recorded from pupae collected from larvae raised on cottonseed meal-based *** male and female moths lived for 40.25d±0.10 d,and 44.34d±0.11 d,*** deposited 21.28±0.04 eggs per day with the viability of 65.78%±0.14%.The larval mortal-ity at the fourth instar was 37.20%±1.36%and malformed pupation of 12.00%±1.41%was *** of wheat germ meal with that of local meals(cottonseed and okra seed)in the standard laboratory diet has saved 463.80 to 467.10 PKR with 1.62 to 1.63 cost economic returns,*** This research is of novel nature as it provides a concis

关键词： Artificial diets Cottonseed meal Laboratory rearing Pectinophora gossypiella Wheat germ meal

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Antimicrobial activities of methanolic extract of Carissa opaca roots and its fractions and compounds isolated from the most active ethyl acetate fraction

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2015年第7期5卷 533-537页

作者： dildar Ahmed Ramsha Saeed Nasir Shakeel Khaizran Fatima Aneela Arshad Department of Chemistry Forman Christian College (A Chartered University) microbiology Lab Pharmagen Lahore Pakistan

Objective: To study the antibacterial and antifungal activities of methanolic extract of roots of Carissa opaca and its fractions in hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and water, and the isolated ***: The zones of inhibition of the samples against test microorganisms were determined by agar well diffusion method. minimum inhibitory concentrations of the samples were determined by agar well dilution method. Test microorganisms included four standard bacteria [Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633(B. subtilis), Escherichia coli ATCC 8739(E. coli), Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027(P. aeruginosa), and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538], two standard fungi [Candida albicans ATCC 10231(C. albicans)] and Aspergillus niger, and six clinical isolates(B. subtilis, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi and Enterobacter cloacae). The most active fraction was investigated to isolate compounds. The chemical compounds isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometer, high performance liquid chromatography and liquid chromatography-mass ***: E. coli, P. aeruginosa, and C. albicans were the most susceptible. Less polar fractions exhibited stronger efficacy than polar ones, and ethyl acetate fraction proved to be the most potent. Zones of inhibition of hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions, and amoxil against C. albicans were 19.96, 22.01, 23.10 and 19.20 mm, respectively. Ethyl acetate faction was the most toxic to all the test microorganisms, with minimum inhibitory concentrations of 8.0, 7.8 and 7.78 μg/m L against P. aeruginosa, C. albicans and B. subtilis, respectively. Isolated compounds, limonene, 2'-hydroxyacetophenone, vanillin, naphthalenone, 2,3,3-trimethyl-2-(3-methylbuta-1,3-dienyl)-6-methylenecyclohexanone, 2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, mono(2-ethylhexyl) ester, β-sitosterol, vitamin E, rutin, quercetin, lupeol, epigallocatechin, showed considerable antimicrobia

关键词： Carissa opaca Antibacterial Antifungal Bioactive compounds

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Impact of climate change on agriculture during winter season over Pakistan

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Agricultural Sciences 2012年第8期3卷 1007-1018页

作者： Khalid m. malik Arif mahmood dildar Hussain Kazmi Jan m.ham.ad Khan Director General Pakistan Meteorological Department Islamabad Pakistan Director National Agromet Center Pakistan Meteorological Department Islamabad Pakistan Director Pakistan Meteorological Department Islamabad Pakistan meteorologist National Agromet Center Pakistan Meteorological Department Islamabad Pakistan

This study has been carried out to investigate the impact of climate change over Pakistan and its surrounding areas (60° - 80°E and 20°- 40° N) during winter seasons (December-February). Variability in three meteorological parameters such as: rainfall;air temperature;and moisture transport, has been investigated. Global Pre- cipitation Climatology Center (GPCC) data for precipitation and National Centre for Environ- mental Prediction (NCEP) reanalysis data for computation of moisture Flux Convergence (mFC) and temperature have been used for the period of 49 years (1961 to 2009). The study period has been divided into three phases on basis of pre- cipitation anomaly i.e., before climate change scenario (1961-1985), transition period (1986- 1999) and after climate change scenario (2000- 2009).Variability in precipitation has been ob- served in three different ways such as, slightly increase in magnitudes, decrease in rainy days and shifting of precipitation pattern towards south of the country. moisture transport from the surrounding has decreased with increase in precipitation which is indirectly associated with decreases in mass deposit on the glaciers. In- crease in temperature is more prominent over upper and lower part as compared to the central parts of the country. Uncertainty in precipitation has also been observed. Shift of precipitation over southern parts showed positive impact over agriculture sector. As a result, Rabi crop yield has increased during last decade over southern parts of the country.

关键词： Cloud Burst Seasonal Temperature moisture Transport Shift in Precipitation

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DCF方案治疗晚期胃癌患者的临床分析

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现代肿瘤医学 2011年第5期19卷 966-967页

作者：玛依努尔.艾力郑超包永星地丽达尔新疆医科大学第一附属医院肿瘤中心新疆乌鲁木齐830011

目的:观察DCF方案治疗局部进展期或转移性胃癌的疗效和不良反应。方法:自2007年10月至2009年8月,42例晚期胃癌患者采用DCF,DXT(多西紫杉醇)75mg/m2,静脉滴注,第1天;DDP(顺铂)25 mg/m2,第1-3天;CF(亚叶酸钙)200mg/d,静脉滴注2小时,第1-5... 详细信息

目的:观察DCF方案治疗局部进展期或转移性胃癌的疗效和不良反应。方法:自2007年10月至2009年8月,42例晚期胃癌患者采用DCF,DXT(多西紫杉醇)75mg/m2,静脉滴注,第1天;DDP(顺铂)25 mg/m2,第1-3天;CF(亚叶酸钙)200mg/d,静脉滴注2小时,第1-5天;5-FU(氟尿嘧啶)500mg/m2,第1-5天,静脉滴注5-6小时,3周为1周期,方案治疗,按WHO标准评价近期疗效和不良反应,随访疾病进展时间(TTP)和中位生存期(mST)。结果:全组42例均可评价疗效,其中CR 3例,PR 19例,SD 11例,PD 9例。有效率(RR)为54.7%,中位TTP为5.5个月,中位mST为10个月。不良反应主要是骨髓抑制及胃肠道反应,其次为口腔黏膜炎、腹泻及周围神经毒性。结论:DCF方案治疗晚期胃癌的疗效较好,不良反应可以耐受。

关键词：晚期胃癌多西紫杉醇顺伯氟尿嘧啶化学治疗

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