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Determining short chain fatty acids in sewage sludge hydrolysate: A comparison of three analytical methods and investigation of sample storage effects

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2014年第4期26卷 926-933页

作者： Victor Ibrahim Tobias Hey karin Jonsson VA SYD SE-201 21 Malmo Sweden Water and Environmental Engineering Department of Chemical Engineering Lund University SE-21100 Lund Sweden

In anaerobic digestion, the production of short-chain fatty acids （SCFAs） can be beneficial or harmful to the overall process, depending on the concentration of accumulated acids. Therefore, the accurate determination of the SCFA concentration in both fresh and stored sludge hydrolysates is important. To select a suitable method for monitoring SCFAs during the anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge, the accuracy of three available analytical methods, including 5 pH point acid titration （TITRA5）, gas chromatography （GC）, and spectrophotometry, were compared in the present study. The results revealed that TITRA5 and GC displayed better agreement in the achieved measurements and higher precision and accuracy than the spectrophotometric assay, as supported by the application of different statistical models. TITRA5 excelled in titrating unfiltered hydrolysate while simultaneously measuring the alkalinity, whereas the GC method provided detailed information on the contribution of different fatty acids to the total acidity. In contrast, the spectrophotometric assay suffered from many forms of interference, depending on the sample＇s matrix. SCFA production followed the pattern of enzymatic reactions and fitted the Michaelis-Menten model. In addition to promoting TITRA5 as an accurate and robust analytical tool for routine SCFA analyses, this comparative study also demonstrated the possibility of storing hydrolysate samples at different temperatures and durations without altering the SCFA measurements.

关键词： five pH point titration gas chromatography spectrophotometry short-chain fatty acids sludge hydrolysis sample storage

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First quarter century of laparoscopic liver resection

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第20期23卷 3581-3588页

作者： Zenichi Morise go Wakabayashi Department of Surgery Fujita Health University School of Medicine Department of Surgery Center for Advanced Treatment of HBP DiseasesAgeo Central General Hospital

The beginnings of laparoscopic liver resection(LLR)were at the start of the 1990s,with the initial reports being published in 1991 and *** were followed by reports of left lateral sectionectomy in *** the years following,the procedures of LLR were expanded to hemi-hepatectomy,sectionectomy,segmentectomy and partial resection of posterosuperior segments,as well as the parenchymal preserving limited anatomical resection and modified anatomical(extended and/or combining limited)resection *** expanded range of LLR procedures,mimicking the expansion of open liver resection in the past,was related to advances in both technology(instrumentation)and technical skill with conceptual *** this period of remarkable development,two international consensus conferences were held(2008 in Louisville,KY,United States,and 2014 in Morioka,Japan),providing up-to-date summarizations of the status and perspective of *** advantages of LLR have become clear,and include reduced intraoperative bleeding,shorter hospital stay,and-especially for cirrhotic patients-lower incidence of complications(e.g.,postoperative ascites and liver failure).In this paper,we review and discuss the developments of LLR in operative procedures(extent and style of liver resections)during the first quarter century since its inception,from the aspect of relationships with technological/technical developments with conceptual changes.

关键词： Hepatectomy Laparoscopic surgery Liver cancer History Technology Technique Concept Approach Posture Simulation

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WOMBAT—A tool for mixed model analyses in quantitative genetics by restricted maximum likelihood (REML)

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2007年第11期8卷 815-821页

作者： MEYER karin Animal Genetics and Breeding Unit University of New EnglandArmidaleNew South Wales 2351Australia

WOMBAT is a software package for quantitative genetic analyses of continuous traits, fitting a linear, mixed model; estimates of covariance components and the resulting genetic parameters are obtained by restricted maximum likelihood. A wide range of models, comprising numerous traits, multiple fixed and random effects, selected genetic covariance structures, random regression models and reduced rank estimation are accommodated. WOMBAT employs up-to-date numerical and computational methods. Together with the use of efficient compilers, this generates fast executable programs, suitable for large scale analyses. Use of WOMBAT is illustrated for a bivariate analysis. The package consists of the executable program, available for LINUX and WINDOWS environments, manual and a set of worked example, and can be downloaded free of charge from http：//agbu. ***/-kmeyer/***

关键词： Software Variance components Genetic parameters Mixed model Restricted maximum likelihood

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Psychological and social aspects of infertility in men： an overview of the evidence and implications for psychologically informed clinical care and future research

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2012年第1期14卷 121-129,179页

作者： Jane RW Fisher karin Hammarberg Jean Hailes Research Unit School of PubLic Health and Preventive Medicine Monash University Clayton Vic. 3168 Australia

Research concerning the psychosocial aspects of infertility and infertility treatment focuses more often on women than men. The aim of this review was to synthesize the English-language evidence related to the psychological and social aspects of infertility in men and discuss the implications of these reports for clinical care and future research. A structured search identified 73 studies that reported data concerning the desire for fatherhood and the psychological and social aspects of diagnosis, assisted reproductive technology （ART） treatment and unsuccessful treatment among men with fertility difficulties. The studies are diverse in conceptualisation, design, setting and data collection, but the findings were reasonably consistent. These studies indicated that fertile and infertile childless men of reproductive age have desires to experience parenthood that are similar to those of their female counterparts; in addition, diagnosis and initiation of treatment are associated with elevated infertility-specific anxiety, and unsuccessful treatment can lead to a state of lasting sadness. However, rates of clinically significant mental health problems among this patient population are no higher than in the general population. Infertile men who are socially isolated, have an avoidant coping style and appraise stressful events as overwhelming, are more vulnerable to severe anxiety than men without these characteristics. Men prefer oral to written treatment information and prefer to receive emotional support from infertility clinicians rather than from mental health professionals, self-help support groups or friends. Nevertheless, structured, facilitated psycho-educational groups that are didactic but permit informal sharing of experiences might be beneficial. There are gaps in knowledge about factors governing seeking, persisting with and deciding to cease treatment; experiences of invasive procedures; parenting after assisted conception; adoption and infertility-related

关键词： assisted reproductive technologies male infertility psychologically-informed clinical care psychosocial aspects

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Investigation of newly developed added damping and stiffness device with low yield strength steel

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2004年第3期5卷 77-85页

作者： SHIH Ming-hsiang go Cheer-germ Department of Construction Engineering National Kaoshiang First University of Science and TechnologyDepartment of Civil Engineering National Chung Hsing University Taiwan 824 ChinaTaiwan 40227 China

Energy dissipators, isolated-resistant and specific structural forms for earthquake resistance are popular topics in the research to improve shock-resistance. In this work, experimental methods were used to investigate the property of low yield strength steel. Carbon content in LYS material is lower than that in other steels; the ultimate stress is three times the yield stress. The ultimate elongation rate is about 62% and the ductility is 23 times that of A36 steel. In order to overcome some defects of ordinary use metallic dampers, the mechanical characteristic of low yield strength steel is used to develop added damping and stiffness for rhombic steel plate absorber. Test of the energy dissipation behavior for this newly de-veloped device indicated that LYS could stably dissipate or absorb the input energy of earthquake. Then, the analytical model for the hysteretic behavior of this new device is proposed. Comparison of experimental data and numerical simulation results showed that this analytical model is suitable for simulating the hysteretic energy behavior of this new device.

关键词： Seismic shock absorbance elements Capability of seismic resistance Hysteretic behavior of rhombic steel plate Nonlinear analytical model

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Development and Applications of Ruggedized VIS/NIR Spectrometer System for Oilfield Wellbores

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Photonic Sensors 2013年第4期3卷 289-294页

作者： go FUJISAWA Tsutomu YAMATE Schlumberger gouM Research Cambridge UK Schlumberger K.K. Sagamihara Japan

The development and applications of a ruggedized visible to near-infrared （VIS/NIR） spectrometer system capable of measuring fluid spectra in oilfield wellbores are presented. Real-time assessment of formation fluid properties penetrated by an oilfield wellbore is critically important for oilfield operating companies to make informed decisions to optimize the development plan of the well and hydrocarbon reservoir. A ruggedized VIS/NIR spectrometer was designed and built to measure and analyze hydrocarbon spectra reliably under the harsh conditions of the oilfield wellbore environment, including temperature up to 175 ~C, pressure up to 170MPa, and severe mechanical shocks and vibrations. The accuracy of hydrocarbon group composition analysis was compared well with gas chromatography results in the laboratory.

关键词： VIS/NIR spectroscopy hydrocarbon compositions oilfield wellbore in situ measurement real time

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Contribution of CNTs/CNFs morphology to reduction of autogenous shrinkage of Portland cement paste

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2016年第2期10卷 224-235页

作者： Feneuil BLANDINE karin HABERMEHI-CWIRZEN Andrzej CWIRZEN Concrete Technology Laboratory Department of Civil and Structural Engineering School of Engineering Aalto University Rakentajanaukio 4 00076 Aalto Finland Department of Civil Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering Luled University of Technology Luled Sweden

ABSTRACT In this experimental study, carbon nanotubes （CNTs） and carbon nanofibers （CNFs） were dispersed by intensive sonication in water in the presence of superplasticizer and subsequently mixed with Portland cement with water/ cement ratios varying between 0.3 and 0.4. The autogenous shrinkage in the fresh stage was investigated. The CNTs and CNFs were characterized by high resolution scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and the hydrated pastes were studied by X-ray diffraction and SEM. The results showed a reduction of the autogenous shrinkage by 50% for pastes containing small amounts （0.01 wt%） of nanomaterials. Higher additions appeared to be less effective. The highest reduction of shrinkage was observed for carbon nanofibers which were long, rather straight and had diameters of around 200 nm. The result showed that the addition of nanomaterials accelerated the hydration processes especially in the early stages of hydration. The effect was the most pronounced in the case of functionalized nanotubes. The proposed mechanism resulting in the reduction of the autogenous shrinkage was a combination of nano-reinforcing effects, alterations of hydration and microstructure of the hydrated matrix.

关键词： carbon nanotubes shrinkage cement paste

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Optical and scintillation properties of Nd-doped SrAl2O4 crystals

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Journal of Rare Earths 2016年第8期34卷 757-762页

作者： Daisuke Nakauchi go Okada Masanori Koshimizu Takayuki Yanagida Graduate School of Materials Science.Nara Institute of Science and Technology(NAIST)8916-5 Takayama-cho lkoma-shiNara 630-0192Japan Department of Applied Chemistry Graduate School of EngineeringTohoku University 6-6-07 AobaAramakiAoba-ku.Sendai 980-8579.Japan

Nd-doped SrA1204 （Nd：SrA1204） crystals were prepared by a floating zone （FZ） method with different dopant concentra- tions. The photoluminescence （PL） measurements under visible light excitations confirmed strong near infrared （NIR） emissions around 890 nm, which is due to the 4f-4f transitions of Nd3＋, and the decay time constants were 300-400 μs. Furthermore, VUV ex- citations revealed two broad emissions around 250450 and 500-700 run, which were attributed to self-trapped excitons （STEs） perturbed by Nd3＋. Moreover, the X-ray induced scintillation spectra showed some small peaks at around 380 nm in addition to NIR emissions at 1064 nm similarly seen in PL. The former scintillation decay time constants were 30-40 Its. In the undoped sample, these emissions mentioned above were not present but a weak broad emission around 450 nm appeared. In thermally stimulated lu- minescence （TSL） after X-ray irradiation, strong TSL glow peaks were observed in the Nd-doped samples at around 100 and 250 ℃.

关键词： scintillation photoluminescence storage luminescence single crystal rare earths

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Psychological consequences of a diagnosis of infertility in men:a systematic analysis

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2024年第1期26卷 10-19页

作者： Sarah N Biggs Jane Halliday karin Hammarberg Reproductive Epidemiology Murdoch Children's Research InstituteMelbourne 3052Australia Department of Paediatrics University of MelbourneMelbourne 3052Australia Public Health and Preventative Medicine Monash UniversityMelbourne 3004Australia Victorian Assisted Reproductive Treatment Authority Melbourne 3000Australia

Almost half of infertility cases involve male *** the consequence of a diagnosis of male infertility,as a sole or partial contributor to the couples'infertility,to the mental health of men is required to ensure clinical care meets their psychological *** aim of this systematic analysis was to synthesize the evidence regarding whether men diagnosed with male factor infertility experience greater psychological distress than(1)men described as fertile and(2)men in couples with other infertility *** databases were searched using a combination of Medical Subject Headings(MeSH)headings and keywords relating to male infertility and psychological *** search yielded 1016 unique publications,of which 23 were included:8 case-control,14 prospective cohort,and 1 data linkage *** aspects of psychological distress were identified depression,anxiety,self-esteem,quality of life,fertility-related stress,general psychological stress or well-being,and psychiatric ***-control studies reported that men with male factor infertility have more symptoms of depression,anxiety and general psychological distress,worse quality of some aspects of life,and lower self-esteem than *** men with male factor infertility were compared to men in couples with other causes of infertility,there were few differences in the assessed aspects of psychological *** methodological limitations within the studies,this systematic analysis suggests that the experience of infertility,irrespective of its cause,negatively affects men's mental health and demonstrates the need for assisted reproduction technology(ART)providers to consider men undergoing assisted reproduction as individuals with their own unique support needs.

关键词： anxiety depression infertility male mental health quality of life

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Fabrication of Shape-Controlled Au Nanoparticles in a TiO_2-Containing Mesoporous Template Using UV Irradiation and Their Shape-Dependent Photocatalysis

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2014年第1期30卷 8-12页

作者： Teruhisa Okuno go Kawamura Hiroyuki Muto Atsunori Matsuda Department of Environmental and Life Sciences Toyohashi University of Technology Department of Electrical and Electronic Information Engineering Toyohashi University of Technology

A SiO2-TiO2 template with ordered tubular mesochannels has been prepared by the sol-gel method. Au nanorods are deposited in the tubular mesochannels of the SiO2-TiO2 template, and the shape of Au is changed from nanorods to nanospheres by ultraviolet irradiation during thermal deposition. The photocatalytic activity of mesoporous SiO2-TiO2 with/without Au nanorods/nanospheres is evaluated. Deposition of Au in the mesoporous SiO2-TiO2 template enhances the photocatalysis of TiO2. Interestingly, the sample containing Au nanorods exhibits higher photocatalytic activity than that with Au nanospheres. Photocatalysis by exciting surface plasmon resonance is not detected in the composite samples regardless of the shape of the deposited Au nanoparticles.

关键词： Mesoporous Titania gold Shape control Photocatalysis Surface plasmon resonance

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