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Diff erences in pigment circadian rhythmicity in greenand red-leafed tree species in the sun and shade

Journal of Forestry Research 2023年第3期34卷 693-704页

作者： Ermes Lo Piccolo giulia Lauria giulia Bongi Lucia Guidi Marian Brestic Damiano Remorini Rossano Massai Marco Landi Department of Agriculture Food and EnvironmentUniversity of PisaVia del Borghetto 8052124 PisaItaly Centre for Climate Change Impact CIRSECUniversity of PisaVia del Borghetto 8052124 PisaItaly Department of Plant Physiology Slovak University of AgricultureA.Hlinku 2Nitra 94976Slovakia

Light fl ux and quality are crucial factor for setting endogenous plant circadian *** the daily rhythmicity of leaf chlorophyll content is an eff ective method to monitor the plant physiological endogenous clock in response to environmental signals such as light availability/***,we used a leaf-clip sensor to monitor diurnal rhythms in the content of chlorophyll and fl avonoids such as fl avonols and anthocyanins in three green-(Ailanthus altissima,Tilia platyphyllos and Platanus×acerifolia)and two red-leafed(Acer platanoides *** King and Prunus cerasifera ***)tree species,adapted to sun(L)or shade(S).Signifi cant diff erences in chlorophyll content(Chl)and its variations during the day were observed among treatments in all the analyzed species.S-plants had more Chl than L-plants irrespective of leaf color,and Chl variations were more distinct during the day than in *** particular,contents were lowest in the morning(9:00)and in the middle of the day(at 12:00 and 15:00),and the highest at dusk(21:00).The less evident trends in Chl variation in L-plants were attributed to a decrease in Chl content in high light,which likely masked any increases in the shaded counterparts during the *** fl avonol levels did not vary no notably during the *** sun-exposed red leaves,anthocyanins partially screened mesophyll cells from incident light,and its levels were similar to the Chl dynamics in the shaded *** study provides new bases for further work on endogenous rhythms of plant pigments and improves our understanding of plant physiology in the context of day/night rhythmicity.

关键词： Anthocyanins Chlorophylls Circadian clock Flavonols Shade syndrome

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Both comorbidity burden and low testosterone can explain symptoms and signs of testosterone deficiency in men consulting for sexual dysfunction

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2020年第3期22卷 265-273页

作者： giulia Rastrelli Giovanni Corona Mario Maggi Sexual Medicine and Andrology Unit Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical SciencesUniversity of FlorenceViale Pieraccini 6Florence 50139Italy Endocrinology Unit Medical DepartmentMaggiore-Bellaria HospitalLargo Nigrisoli 2Bologna 40133Italy I.N.B.B. Biostructures and Biosystems National InstituteViale delle Medaglie d'Oro 305Rome(X)136Italy Endocrinology Unit Department of Experimental Clinical and Biomedical Sciences**Mario Serio"University of FlorenceViale Pieraccini 6Florence 50139Italy.

Low testosterone(T)is frequent in men with chronic *** clinical features of T deficiency(TD)overlap with those of chronic *** aim of this study is to evaluate the relative contribution of chronic disease score(CDS)and low T to the presenee of TD symptoms.A consecutive series of 3862 men(aged 52.1±13.1 years)consulting for sexual dysfunction were *** clinical and biochemical parameters were collected,in eluding the structured interview,ANDROTEST,for the assessme nt of TD *** color Doppler ultrasound(PCDU)was also *** on the medications taken,the CDS was *** a subset of 1687 men,information on mortality was collected(follow-up of 4.3±2.6 years).Higher CDS was associated with lower free and total T(TT)as well as with higher ANDROTEST *** introducing CDS and TT in multivariable models adjusted for age,severe erectile dysfunctio n and impaired morning erectio ns were associated with both CDS(odds ratio and 95%confide nee interaval,OR[95%Cl]=1.25[1.13;1.37]and 1.38[1.29;1.48],respectively)and low TT(OR[95%Cl]=1.11[1.00;1.23]and 1.13[1.06;1.21],respectively).Similar results were obtained for PCDU *** sexual desire was associated with low TT(OR[95%Cl]=1.21[1.13;1.30]),whereas it was inversely related with CDS(OR[95%Cl]=0.91[0.84;0.97]).When considering mortality for major cardiovascular events,TT<8 nmol I1,but not CDS,was a significant predictor(hazard ratio[95%Cl]=5.57[1.51;20.63]).Chronic illnesses are associated with an overt *** chronic diseases and low T can be invoIved in determining symptoms present in subjects complaining for sexual *** should be considered in the diagnostic workup for TD.

关键词： chronic diseases erectile dysfunction sexual symptoms testosterone deficiency

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Prenatal and postnatal drug exposure:focus on persistent central effects

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第8期18卷 1697-1702页

作者： giulia Costa Alexia E.Pollack Department of Biomedical Sciences Section of NeuroscienceUniversity of CagliariCagliariItaly Department of Biology University of Massachusetts-BostonBostonMAUSA

Clinical studies indicate significant use of prescription,nonprescription and social/recreational drugs by women during pregnancy;however,limited knowledge exists about the detrimental effects that this practice may have on the developing central nervous system of the ***,few experimental and clinical data are available on how gestational exposure could exacerbate the effects of the same or a different drug consumed by the offspring later in *** present review summarizes recent findings on the central toxicity elicited by several classes of drugs,administered prenatally and postnatally in experimental animals and humans,focusing on prescription and nonprescription analgesics,anti-inflammatory agents,alcohol and nicotine.

关键词： 3 4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine acetaminophen alcohol chlorpyrifos dexamethasone ibuprofen methadone neuroinflammation neurotoxicity nicotine

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香港地区中学文凭考试等级预测研究

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中国考试 2024年第2期 33-39,101页

作者：许嘉凌萧伟乐席小明香港考试及评核局中国香港999077

为研究香港地区中学文凭考试(简称文凭试)等级预测结果,以过往文凭试结果作为依据,通过标准化程序,对2020—2023年共计146180名考生根据其校内评核成绩进行文凭试等级预测;并采用问卷调查法,基于各参与学校组织架构、教师的工作经验、... 详细信息

为研究香港地区中学文凭考试(简称文凭试)等级预测结果,以过往文凭试结果作为依据,通过标准化程序,对2020—2023年共计146180名考生根据其校内评核成绩进行文凭试等级预测;并采用问卷调查法,基于各参与学校组织架构、教师的工作经验、公开考试阅卷经验及专业发展活动等,运用多层线性模型探讨学校属性与校内评核的关系。结果显示:中文、英文、数学、通识教育4门核心科目等级预测结果具有较高的准确度,其中英文预测结果最佳,其余3科预测结果类似;选修科目则因每年选考人数少导致文凭试成绩变化大,进而影响预测结果;多层线性模型分析显示,不同学校属性对于不同科目的校内评核具有不同的预测效果。

关键词：香港地区中学文凭考试等级预测校内评核标准参照测验

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Non-toxic, high selectivity process for the extraction of precious metals from waste printed circuit boards

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2023年第10期17卷 65-74页

作者： giulia Merli Alessandro Becci Alessia Amato Francesca Beolchini Department of Life and Environmental Sciences Polytechnic University of MarcheAncona 60131Italy

The work presented here focused on the extraction of gold (Au), silver (Ag) and palladium (Pd) from electronic waste using a solution of ammonium thiosulfate. Thiosulfate was used as a valid alternative to cyanide for precious metal extractions, due to its non-toxicity and high selectivity. The interactions between sodium thiosulfate, total ammonia/ammonium, precious metal concentrations and the particle size of the waste printed circuit boards (WPCBs) were studied by the response surface methodology (RSM) and the principal component analysis (PCA) to maximize precious metal mobilization. Au extraction reached a high efficiency with a granulometry of less than 0.25 mm, but the consumption of reagents was high. On the other hand, Ag extraction depended neither on thiosulfate/ammonia concentration nor granulometry of WPCBs and it showed efficiency of 90% also with the biggest particle size (0.50 < Ø < 1.00 mm). Pd extraction, similarly to Au, showed the best efficiency with the smallest and the medium WPCB sizes, but required less reagents compared to Au. The results showed that precious metal leaching is a complex process (mainly for Au, which requires more severe conditions in order to achieve high extraction efficiencies) correlated with reagent concentrations, precious metal concentrations and WPCB particle sizes. These results have great potentiality, suggesting the possibility of a more selective recovery of precious metals based on the different granulometry of the WPCBs. Furthermore, the high extraction efficiencies obtained for all the metals bode well in the perspective of large-scale applications.

关键词： Thiosulfate Printed circuit boards Precious metals Leaching Hydrometallurgy

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Anti-fibrotic and anti-inflammatory effect of mesenchymal stromal cell-derived extracellular vesicles in chronic kidney disease

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BIOCELL 2023年第7期47卷 1499-1508页

作者： giulia.chia.otto STEFANIA BRUNO Department of Medical Sciences University of TorinoTorino10126Italy Molecular Biotechnology Center University of TorinoTorino10126Italy

Renal fibrosis and inflammation are common pathological features of chronic kidney disease(CKD).Since currently available treatments can only delay the progression of CKD,the outcome of patients with CKD is still *** therapeutic option for the prevention of CKD-related complications could be the use of mesenchymal stromal cells(MSCs),which have shown beneficial effects in tissue fibrosis and regeneration after ***,safety issues,such as cellular rejection and carcinogenicity,limit their clinical *** the bioactive factors secreted by MSCs,extracellular vesicles(EVs)have shown the same beneficial effect of MSCs,without any notable side *** heterogeneous population of membranous nano-sized particles can deliver genetic material and functional proteins to injured cells,prompting tissue *** we describe the anti-fibrotic and antiinflammatory properties of MSC-derived EVs in CKD preclinical models and summarize the potential molecular mechanisms involved in the regulation of renal fibrosis and inflammation.

关键词： Chronic kidney disease Renal fibrosis Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition Mesenchymal stromal cell Extracellular vesicles

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Novel soil quality indicators for the evaluation of agricultural management practices:a biological perspective

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2020年第3期7卷 257-274页

作者： giulia BONGIORNO Soil Biology Group Wageningen University and Research6700 AA WageningenThe Netherlands Department of Soil Science Research Institute of Organic Agriculture(FiBL)Ackerstrasse 1135070 FrickSwitzerland

Developments in soil biology and in methodsto characterize soil organic carbon can potentially delivernovel soil quality indicators that can help identifymanagement practices able to sustain soil productivityand environmental resilience. This work aimed atsynthesizing results regarding the suitability of a range ofsoil biological and biochemical properties as novel soilquality indicators for agricultural management. The soilproperties, selected through a published literature review,comprised different labile organic carbon fractions [hydrophilicdissolved organic carbon, dissolved organic carbon,permanganate oxidizable carbon (POXC), hot waterextractable carbon and particulate organic matter carbon],soil disease suppressiveness measured using a Pythium-Lepidium bioassay, nematode communities characterizedby amplicon sequencing and qPCR, and microbialcommunity level physiological profiling measured withMicroResp™. Prior studies tested the sensitivity of each ofthe novel indicators to tillage and organic matter additionin ten European long-term field experiments (LTEs) andassessed their relationships with pre-existing soil qualityindicators of soil functioning. Here, the results of theseprevious studies are brought together and interpretedrelative to each other and to the broader body of literatureon soil quality assessment. Reduced tillage increasedcarbon availability, disease suppressiveness, nematoderichness and diversity, the stability and maturity of thefood web, and microbial activity and functional *** matter addition played a weaker role in enhancingsoil quality, possibly due to the range of composition of theorganic matter inputs used in the LTEs. POXC was theindicator that discriminated best between soil managementpractices, followed by nematode indices based on functionalcharacteristics. Structural equation modeling showsthat POXC has a central role in nutrient retention/supply,carbon sequestration, biodiversity conservation, erosion control an

关键词： labile carbon long-term field experiments organic matter addition soil biological indicators tillage

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Observer Design —— A Survey

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2015年第1期12卷 50-61页

作者： chia-Chi Tsui Staten Island USA

This paper surveys the results of observer design for linear time-invariant(L-T-I) deterministic irreducible open-loop systems(OLS), the most basic type of OLS. An observer estimates Kxx(t) signal where K is a constant and x(t) is the state vector of the OLS. Thus, an observer can be used as a feedback controller that implements state feedback control(SFC) or Kxx(t)-control,and observer design is therefore utterly important in all feedback control designs of state space theory. In this survey, the observer design results are divided into three categories and for three respective main purposes. The first category of observers estimate signal Kxx(t) only with a given K, and this survey has four conclusions: 1) Function observer that estimates Kxx(t) directly is more general than state observer that estimates x(t), and may be designed with order lower than that of state observer, and the additional design objective is to minimize observer order; 2) The function observer design problem has already been simplified to the solving of a single set of linear equations only while seeking the lowest possible number of rows of the solution matrix, and an apparently most effective and general algorithm of solving such a problem can guarantee unified upper and lower bounds of the observer order; 3) Because such a single set of linear equations is the simplest possible theoretical formulation of the design problem and such theoretical observer order bounds are the lowest possible, and because the general, simple, and explicit theoretical formula for the function observer order itself do not exist, the theoretical part of this design problem is solved; 4) Because the function observer order is generically near its upper bound, further improvement on the computational design algorithm so that the corresponding observer order can be further reduced,is generically not worthwhile. The second category of observers further realize the loop transfer function and robustness properties of t

关键词： Low order function observer robust output feedback observer synthesized design principle faults and time-delays

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The fabrication and application of Ni-DNA nanowire-based nanoelectronic devices

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Nano Research 2019年第6期12卷 1293-1300页

作者： Pang-chia Chang chia-Yu Chang Wen-Bin Jian Chiun-Jye Yuan Yu-Chang Chen chia-Ching Chang Department of Electrophysics "National Chiao Tung University"Hsinchu 30010TaiwanChina Department of Biological Science and Technology "National Chiao Tung University"Hsinchu 30068TaiwanChina Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-devices(IDS^2B) "National Chiao Tung University"Hsinchu 30068TaiwanChina Institute of Physics "Academia Sinica"Taipei 11529TaiwanChina

DNA is a self-assembled,double stranded natural molecule that can chelate and align nickel ions between its base *** fabrication of a DNA-guided nickel ion chain (Ni-DNA) device was successful,as indicated by the conducting currents exhibiting a Ni ion redox reaction-driven negative differential resistance effect,a property unique to mem-elements (1).The redox state of nickel ions in the Ni-DNA device is programmable by applying an external bias with different polarities and writing times (2).The multiple states of Ni-DNA-based memristive and memcapacitive systems were characterized (3).As such,the development of Ni-DNA nanowire device-based circuits in the near future is proposed.

关键词： DNA-guided nickel ion chain (Ni-DNA) negative differential resistance (NDR) memristive systemmem capacitive system nanowire

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On Variance and Covariance for Bounded Linear Operators

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2001年第4期17卷 657-668页

作者： chia Shiang LIN Department of Mathematics Bishop's University Lennoxville P. Q. J1M 1Z7. Canada

In this paper we initiate a study of covariance and variance for two operators on a Hilbert space. proving that the c-v (covariance-variance) inequality holds, which is equivalent to the Cauchy- Schwarz inequality. As for applications of the c-v inequality we provc uniformly the Bernstein-type inequalities and equalities. and show the generalized Heinz-Kato-Furuta-type inequalities and equalities. from which a generalization and sharpening of Reid’s inequlality is obtained. We show that every operator can be expressed as a p-hyponormal-type, and a hyponormal-type operator. Finally, some new characterizations of the Furuta inequality are given.

关键词： Covariance-variance inequality Bernstein inequality Reid’s inequality Furuta inequality Lowner-Heinz formula

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