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CH_4 uptake flux of Leymus chinensis steppe during rapid growth season in Inner Mongolia,china

Science china Earth sciences 2010年第7期53卷 977-983页

作者： geng yuanbo1, luo guangqiang1,2 & yuan guofu1 1 institute of geographic sciences and natural resources research, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100101, china 2 Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100049, china institute of geographic sciences and natural resources research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences Beijing China

The influence of near ground atmosphere CH4 concentration, soil water content, soil Eh, plants, soil temperature, and pH on CH4 uptake flux of Leymus chinensis steppe during rapid growth season was studied using field in-situ measurement in Xilin River basin of Inner Mongolia, china. The results showed that CH4 uptake flux was positively correlated with near ground atmosphere CH4 concentration and soil Eh but negatively correlated with soil water content. Precipitation may decrease the CH4 flux by increasing the soil water content. The average fluxes of three treatments during the observation period were 1.52 (natural conditions, 1.51 (aboveground plants were excluded), and 2.00 mg m?2 d?1 (all plants were removed), respectively. The difference between the CH4 flux of natural condition treatment and that of removing aboveground plants treatment is small, whereas the flux of removing all plants treatment is larger than the other two treatments. This means that the contribution of aboveground plants to CH4 uptake flux is smaller than that of roots or roots-removing process. CH4 uptake flux is not sensitive to soil temperature and the narrow-ranged soil pH (6.36–7.86). The Leymus chinensis steppe acts as a sink for CH4, and thus more studies should be focused on its affecting factors and related mechanisms.

关键词： CH4 uptake flux Leymus chinensis steppe affecting factors static opaque chamber/gas chromatography method

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Confirmation of a natural hybrid species in Petrocosmea(Gesneriaceae) based on molecular and morphological evidence

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Journal of Systematics and Evolution 2011年第5期49卷 449-463页

作者： 1,3~Zhi-Jing QIU 2~Zu-Li yuan 1~Zhen-Yu LI 1~Yin-Zheng WANG 1(State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany,institute of Botany,chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100093,china) 2(Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 45002,china) 3(Graduate School of the chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100049,china) (State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100093 China) (Graduate School of the chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049 China) (Henan Agricultural University Zhengzhou 45002 China)

A natural hybrid species in Petrocosmea named Longianthera in Yanshan County,Yunnan Province is confirmed for the first time based on molecular and morphological *** character count procedure of the variable characters show that Longianthera populations are characteristic of the intermediate morphological traits between its putative parents Yanshan and Petrocosmea *** nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer region and three chloroplast regions of matK,trnL-F,and trnT-L are sequenced in the putative hybrid and the related *** alignment of DNA sequences and the phylogenetic trees could exclude all the other species in Petrocosmea as the parental species except for Yanshan and *** haplotypes in the 31 internal transcribed spacer sequences and six haplotypes in 42 cpDNA sequences were found from 14 individuals of Longianthera *** analyses of DNA sequences,haplotypes,and phylogenetic trees indicate that Longianthera is likely a hybrid species between its putative parents Yanshan and ***,in which Yanshan might be the most possible maternal *** factors may contribute to the natural hybridization between these two parental species in Petrocosmea,such as the overlapped geographic distribution,habitats,flowering periods,and shared ***,the new species of Yanshan and the natural hybrid species of Longianthera are described.

关键词： chloroplast DNA Gesneriaceae ITS morphology natural hybridization Petrocosmea.

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“Greatest lake period” and its palaeo-environment on the Tibetan Plateau

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Journal of geographical sciences 2001年第1期11卷 34-42页

作者： LI Bing-yuan, ZHU Li-ping (institute of geographic sciences and natural resources research, CAS, beijing 100101, china) institute of geographic sciences and natural resources research CAS Beijing China

The “greatest lake period” means that the lakes are in the stage of their maximum areas. As the paleo lake shorelines are widely distributed in the lake basins on the Tibetan Plateau, the lake areas during the “greatest lake period” may be inferred by the last highest lake shorelines. They are several, even tens times larger than that at present. According to the analyses of tens of lakes on the Plateau, most dating data fell into the range of 40-25 ka BP, some lasted to 20 ka BP. It was corresponded to the stage 3 of marine isotope and interstitial of last glaciation. The occurrence of maximum areas of lakes marked the very humid period on the Plateau and was also related to the stronger summer monsoon during that period.

关键词： Tibetan Plateau greatest lake period highest lake levels interstitial of last glaciation paleo-monsoon

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Spatial-Temporal Changes of Soil Organic Carbon During Vegetation Recovery at Ziwuling, china

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Pedosphere 2005年第5期15卷 601-610页

作者： LI Yu-yuan SHAO Ming-An ZHENG Ji-Yong ZHANG Xing-Chang Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 （China） State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau Institute of Soil and Water Conservation Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources Yangling 712100 （China）

To probe the processes and mechanisms of soil organic carbon (SOC) changes during forest recovery, a 150-yearchronosequence study on SOC was conducted for various vegetation succession stages at the Ziwuling area, in the centralpart of the Loess Plateau, china. Results showed that during the 150 years of local vegetation rehabilitation SOC increasedsignificantly (P 100 cm layer of farmland, grassland, shrubland and forest were 4.46, 5.05, 9.95, and 7.49 kg C m-3,respectively. The decrease in SOC from 60 to 150 years of abandonment implied that the soil carbon pool was a sink forCO2 before the shrubland stage and became a source in the later period. This change resulted from the spatially variedcomposition and structure of the vegetation. Vegetation recovery had a maximum effect on the surface (0-20 cm) SOCpool. It. was concluded that vegetation recovery on the Loess Plateau could result in significantly increased sequestrationof atmospheric CO2 in soil and vegetation, which was ecologically important for mitigating the increase of atmosphericconcentration of CO2 and for ameliorating the local eco-environment.

关键词： soil organic carbon density spatial-temporal change vegetation recovery vegetation succession

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Spatial distribution of wind erosion and its driving factors in china

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Journal of geographical sciences 2001年第2期11卷 127-139页

作者： ZHANG Guo-ping~1, ZHANG Zeng-xiang~1, LIU Ji-yuan~2 (1. institute of Remote Sensing Application, CAS, beijing 100101, china 2. institute of geographic sciences and natural resources research, CAS, beijing 100101, china) institute of Remote Sensing Application CAS institute of geographic sciences and natural resources research CAS

Based on remote sensing and geographic information system, the spatial distribution of nation-wide wind erosion is studied, and the 1∶100 000 national map of soil erosion by wind in china is made. Wind speed, soil dryness,NDVI, soil texture and the slope of land surface are the key factors to wind erosion. The relations between wind erosion and each factor are discussed. The method of principal component is used to pick up the information included in the five factors, and the wind erosion dynamic index (WEDI) is established. Its comparison with theRS/GIS derived data shows thatWEDI can reflect the potential capacity of soil erosion by wind. The dynamic process of the wind erosion is studied to reveal the distribution of the most intense wind erosion regions and the dominant factors in these regions. All these studies may greatly help the mitigation of wind erosion of soil.

关键词： remote sensing geographic information system wind erosion of soil desertification control in china WEDI

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Variation properties of ionospheric eclipse factor and ionospheric influence factor

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Progress in natural Science:Materials International 2005年第6期15卷 573-576页

作者： ZHAO Chunmei 1,2 *, yuan Yunbin1, OU Jikun1 and CHEN Jinping3(1. institute of Geodesy and Geophysics, chinese academy of sciences, Wuhan 430077, china 2. Graduate School of chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100039, china 3. Department of Precision Instrument and Mechanology, Tsinghua University, beijing 100084, china) institute of Geodesy and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan 430077 China Graduate School Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China Department of Precision Instrument and Mechanology Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China

The concepts and calculation methods of ionospheric eclipse factor (IEF) and ionospheric influence factor (IFF) are further illustrated. The temporal and spacial variation properties of IEF and IFF are studied, which shows that the properties are influenced by the geographic position and season. The possibility of improving the precision of using GPS data to determine ionospheric delay based on the above variation properties is also analysed.

关键词： GPS Ionospheric eclipse factor Ionospheric influence factor

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Eco-Environmental Vulnerability Evaluation in the Yellow River Basin,china

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Pedosphere 2008年第2期18卷 171-182页

作者： WANG Si-yuan LIU Jing-Shi YANG Cun-Jian institute of Tibetan Plateau research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 （China） institute of Electronics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 （China） Centre of RS and GIS Applications Sichuan Normal University Chengdu 610066 （China）

Using remote sensing(RS)data and geographical information system(GIS),eco-environmental vulnerability and its changes were analyzed for the Yellow River Basin,*** objective of this study was to improve our understanding of eco-environmental changes so that a strategy of sustainable land use could be *** environmental numerical model was developed using spatial principal component analysis(SPCA)*** model contains twelve factors that include variables of land use,soil erosion,topography,climate,and *** this model,synthetic eco- environmental vulnerability index(SEVI)was computed for 1990 and 2000 for the Yellow River *** SEVI was classified into six levels,potential,slight,light,medium,heavy,and very heavy,following the natural breaks classification. The eco-environmental vulnerability distribution and its changes over the ten years from 1990 to 2000 were analyzed and the driving factors of eco-environmental changes were *** results show that the eco-environmental vulnerability in the study area was at medium level,and the eco-environmental quality had been gradually improved on the ***,the eco-environmental quality had become worse over the ten years in some *** the study area,population growth,vegetation degradation,and governmental policies for eco-environmental protection were found to be the major factors that caused the eco-environmental changes over the ten years.

关键词： eco-environmental vulnerability geographic information system (GIS) remote sensing (RS) spatial principal component analysis Yellow River Basin

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Wetland vegetation biomass estimation and mapping from Landsat ETM data: a case study of Poyang Lake

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Journal of geographical sciences 2002年第1期12卷 35-41页

作者： LI Ren-dong1, 2, LIU Ji-yuan2 (1. institute of Geodesy and Geophysics, CAS, Wuhan 430077, china 2. institute of geographic sciences and natural resources research, CAS, beijing 100101 china) institute of Geodesy and Geophysics CAS Wuhan China institute of geographic sciences and natural resources research CAS Beijing China

Poyang Lake is the largest freshwater lake in china. This paper conducted a digital and rapid investigation of the lake’s wetland vegetation biomass using Landsat ETM data acquired on April 16, 2000. First, utilizing the false color composite derived from the ETM data as one of the main references, the authors designed a reasonable sampling route for field measurement of the biomass, and carried it out on April 18–28, 2000. Then after both the sampling data and the ETM data were geometrically corrected to an equal-area projection of Albers, linear relationships among the sampling data and some transformed data derived from the ETM data and the ETM 4 were calculated. The results show that the sampling data is best relative to the band 4 data with a high correlation coefficient of 0.86, followed by the DVI and NDVI data with 0.83 and 0.80 respectively. Therefore, a linear regression model, which was based on the field data and band 4 data, was used to estimate the total biomass of entire Poyang Lake, and then the map of the biomass distribution was compiled.

关键词： Poyang Lake biomass wetland vegetation Landsat ETM data

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Relationship between land cover and monsoon interannual variations in east Asia

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Journal of geographical sciences 2002年第1期12卷 42-48页

作者： XIANG Bao, LIU Ji-yuan (institute of geographic sciences and natural resources research, CAS, beijing 100101, china) institute of geographic sciences and natural resources research CAS 北京 100101

Asian monsoon have multiple forms of variations such as seasonal variation, intra-seasonal variation, interannual variation, etc. The interannual variations have not only yearly variations but also variations among several years. In general, the yearly variations are described with winter temperature and summer precipitation, and the variations among several years are reflected by circulation of ENSO events. In this study, at first, we analyze the relationship between land cover and interannual monsoon variations represented by precipitation changes using Singular Value Decomposition method based on the time series precipitation data and 8km NOAA AVHRR NDVI data covering 1982 to 1993 in east Asia. Furthermore, after confirmation and reclassification of ENSO events which are recognized as the strong signal of several year monsoon variation, using the same time series NDVI data during 1982 to 1993 in east Asia, we make a Principle Component Analysis and analyzed the correlation of the 7th component eigenvectors and Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) that indicates the characteristic of ENSO events, and summed up the temporal-spatial distribution features of east Asian land cover’s inter-annual variations that are being driven by changes of ENSO events.

关键词： east Asian land cover monsoon climate interannual variations Singular Value Decomposition ENSO events Principle Component Analysis

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Automatic generalization of metro maps based on dynamic segmentation

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Science china(Technological sciences) 2010年第S1期53卷 158-165页

作者： DONG WeiHua 1,TIAN yuan 2 & ZHANG Yi 2 1 institute of Geography and Remote Sensing,beijing Normal University,beijing 100875,china 2 institute of Remote Sensing and geographic Information System,Peking University,beijing 100871,china institute of Geography and Remote Sensing Beijing Normal University Beijing China institute of Remote Sensing and geographic Information System Peking University Beijing China

A metro map is usually optimized for the readability of connections and transportation networks *** order to assure good readability and meet aesthetic considerations,a set of principles for good metro map layout are *** to these principles,a new methodology based on dynamic segmentation is presented to produce the metro maps ***,routes are constructed according to the line attribute similarity and geometry *** a set of cartographic generalization methods about the shape,angle,length,and topology are presented for these *** method is validated by beijing metro plan *** the experiment results,it can be concluded that this new method is more effective than the static segmentation method to produce metro maps with better readability for route plans.

关键词： metro maps generalization dynamic segmentation visualization

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