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Physicochemical properties of respiratory droplets and their role in COVID-19 pandemics:a critical review

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Biomaterials Translational 2021年第1期2卷 10-18页

作者： ting ge Shengfeng Cheng Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of South CarolinaColumbiaSCUSA Department of Physics Department of Mechanical EngineeringCenter for Soft Matter and Biological Physicsand Macromolecules Innovation InstituteVirginia Polytechnic Institute and State UniversityBlacksburgVAUSA

The ongoing coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic is a serious challenge faced by the global *** scientists can help medical workers and biomedical scientists,engineers,and practitioners,who are working on the front line,to slow down and eventually contain the spread of the COVID-19 *** review is focused on the physicochemical characteristics,including composition,aerodynamics,and drying behavior of respiratory droplets as a complex and multicomponent soft matter system,which are the main carrier of the virus for interpersonal *** distribution and dynamics of virus particles within a droplet are also *** the characteristics of virus-laden respiratory droplets can lead to better design of personal protective equipment,frequently touched surfaces such as door knobs and touchscreens,and filtering equipment for indoor air *** an understanding also provides the scientific basis of public policy,including social distancing rules and public hygiene guidelines,implemented by governments around the world.

关键词： aerosol COVID-19 evaporation pandemic respiratory droplet virus

Single‑cell sequencing reveals the reproductive variations between primiparous and multiparous Hu ewes

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 614-631页

作者： ting ge Yifan Wen Bo Li Xiaoyu Huang Shaohua Jiang Enping Zhang Key Laboratory of Animal genetics Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi ProvinceCollege of Animal Science and TechnologyNorthwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China

Background In the modern sheep production systems,the reproductive performance of ewes determines the economic profitability of *** the genetic mechanisms underlying differences in the litter size is important for the selection and breeding of highly prolific *** sheep,a high-quality Chinese sheep breed,is known for its high fecundity and is often used as a model to study prolificacy *** the current study,animals were divided into two groups according to their delivery rates in three consecutive lambing seasons(namely,the high and low reproductive groups with≥3 lambs and one lamb per season,n=3,respectively).The ewes were slaughtered within 12 h of estrus,and unilateral ovarian tissues were collected and analyzed by 10×genomics single-cell RNA *** A total of 5 types of somatic cells were identified and corresponding expression profiles were mapped in the ovaries of each ***,the differences in the ovary somatic cell expression profiles between the high and low reproductive groups were mainly clustered in the granulosa ***,four granulosa cell subtypes were *** analysis revealed that the abundance of JPH1 expression and the reduction of LOC101112291 expression could lead to different evolutionary directions of the granulosa ***,the expression levels of FTH1 and FTL in mural granulosa cells of the highly reproductive group were significantly *** genes inhibit necroptosis and ferroptosis of mural granulosa cells,which helps prevent follicular *** This study provides insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the high fecundity of Hu *** differences in gene expression profiles,particularly in the granulosa cells,suggest that these cells play a critical role in female *** findings also highlight the importance of genes such as JPH1,LOC101112291,FTH1,and FTL in regulating granulosa cell function and follicular development.

关键词： Granulosa cells Hu sheep Lambing number Ovarian somatic cells Single-cell RNA sequencing

An increase in corn resistant starch decreases protein fermentation and modulates gut microbiota during in vitro cultivation of pig large intestinal inocula

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Animal Nutrition 2017年第3期3卷 219-224页

作者： Xiangyu He Weiwei Sun ting ge Chunlong Mu Weiyun Zhu Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health Laboratory of Gastrointestinal MicrobiologyCollege of Animal Science and TechnologyNanjing Agricultural University

High-protein diet could cause an increase in protein fermentation in the large intestine, leading to an increased production of potentially detrimental metabolites. We hypothesized that an increase in corn resistant starch content may attenuate the protein fermentation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of resistant starch on protein fermentation by inocula from large intestine of pigs using in vitro cultivation. Fermentation patterns were analyzed during a 24-h incubation of cecal and colonic digesta with varying corn resistant starch contents, using casein protein as sole nitrogen source. The results showed that the concentration of short-chain fatty acids(SCFA) and cumulative gas production were significantly increased(P gen(NH_3-N) and branched-chain fatty acids(BCFA), which indicated protein fermentation, decreased when the corn resistant starch levels increased(P < 0.05). The copies of total bacteria, Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus were significantly increased with the increased corn resistant starch levels after incubation(P < 0.05). The copies of the Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus in cecum were significantly higher than those in colon(P < 0.05). We conclude that the addition of corn resistant starch weakens the protein fermentation by influencing microbial population and reducing protein fermentation in the cecum and colon in vitro.

关键词： Pig large intestine Corn resistant starch Protein Fermentation characteristics Gut microbiota

Molecular Cloning,Expression Analysis and Localization of Exo70A1 Related to Self Incompatibility in Non-Heading Chinese Cabbage(Brassica campestris ***)

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2013年第12期12卷 2149-2156页

作者： WANG Li ge ting-ting PENG Hai-tao WANG Cheng LIU Tong-kun HOU Xi-lin LI Ying Horticultural Department Nanjing Agricultural University State Key Laboratory of Crop genetics and germplasm Enhancement Key Laboratory of Southern Vegetable Crop genetic Improvement Ministry of Agriculture

The exocyst is a conserved protein complex,and required for vesicles tethering,fusion and polarized ***70A1,the exocyst subunit,is essential for assembly of the exocyst *** better understand potential roles of Exo70A1 in non-heading Chinese cabbage（Brassica campestris ***）,we obtained the full-length cDNA of Exo70A1 gene,which consisted of 1 917 bp and encoded a protein of 638 amino *** showed BcExo70A1 shared 94.9% identity with Brassica oleracea ***（AEI26267.1）,and clustered into a same group with other homologues in *** *** and Brassica *** localization analysis showed BcExo70A1 was localized to punctate structures in cytosol of onion epithelial *** showed that BcExo70A1 was widely presented in stamens,young stems,petals,unpollinated pistils,roots and leaves of self compatible and incompatible *** transcripts of BcExo70A1 in non- heading Chinese cabbage declined during initial 1.5 h after incompatible pollination,while an opposite trend was presented after compatible *** study reveals that BcExo70A1 could play essential roles in plant growth and development,and is related to the rejection of self pollen in non-heading Chinese cabbage.

关键词： Exo70A1 gene expression subcellular localization self-incompatibility non-heading Chinese cabbage

Revisit of geV Gamma-Ray Emission from Orion B with the Fermi Large Area Telescope

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第9期24卷 128-135页

作者： Wei Zeng Xiao-Na Sun Rui-Zhi Yang Jia-Chun He Zhao-Dong Shi ting-ting ge Yun-Feng Liang En-Wei Liang Guangxi Key Laboratory for Relativistic Astrophysics School of Physics Science and TechnologyGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004China Department of Astronomy School of Physical SciencesUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China CAS Key Labrotory for Research in Galaxies and Cosmology University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China School of Astronomy and Space Science University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China School of Physics and Astronomy Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China

We revisit the γ-ray emission above 300 Me V towards the massive star-forming region of Orion B by adopting14 yr observations with the Fermi Large Area Telescope and utilizing the updated software *** extended γ-ray emission region around Orion B is resolved into two components(region Ⅰ and region Ⅱ).The γ-ray spectrum of region I agrees with the predicted γ-ray spectrum assuming the cosmic ray(CR)density is the same as that of Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer(AMS-02)measured ***γ-ray emissivity of region II appears to be deficit at low energy band(EgeV).Through modeling we find that CR densities exhibit a significant deficit below 20 ge V,which may be caused by a slow diffusion inside the dense *** is probably caused by an increased magnetic field whose strength increases with the gas density.

关键词： (ISM:)cosmic rays gamma-rays:ISM (Galaxy:)open clusters and associations:individual(NGC 2023 NGC 2024 NGC 2068 and NGC 2071)

A bidirectional brain-computer interface for effective epilepsy control

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science C(Computers and Electronics) 2014年第10期15卷 839-847页

作者： Yu QI Fei-qiang MA ting-ting ge Yue-ming WANG Jun-ming ZHU Jian-min ZHANG Xiao-xiang ZHENG Zhao-hui WU Qiushi Academy for Advanced Studies Zhejiang University Department of Computer Science Zhejiang University Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University College of Medicine College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science Zhejiang University

Brain-computer interfaces(BCIs) can provide direct bidirectional communication between the brain and a machine. Recently, the BCI technique has been used in seizure control. Usually, a closed-loop system based on BCI is set up which delivers a therapic electrical stimulus only in response to seizure onsets. In this way, the side effects of neurostimulation can be greatly reduced. In this paper, a new BCI-based responsive stimulation system is proposed. With an efficient morphology-based seizure detector, seizure events can be identified in the early stages which trigger electrical stimulations to be sent to the cortex of the brain. The proposed system was tested on rats with penicillin-induced epileptic seizures. Online experiments show that 83% of the seizures could be detected successfully with a short average time delay of 3.11 s. With the therapy of the BCI-based seizure control system, most seizures were suppressed within 10 s. Compared with the control group, the average seizure duration was reduced by 30.7%. Therefore, the proposed system can control epileptic seizures effectively and has potential in clinical applications.

关键词： Brain-computer interface Epilepsy Seizure detection Responsive neurostimulation

Arabidopsis ROOT HAIR DEFECTIVE3 is involved in nitrogen starvation-induced anthocyanin accumulation

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2015年第8期57卷 708-721页

作者： Jing Wang Yan Wang Ju Yang Chunli Ma Ying Zhang ting ge Zhi Qi Yan Kang College of Life Sciences Inner Mongolia University

Anthocyanin accumulation is a common phenomenon seen in plants under environmental stress. In this study,we identified a new allele of ROOT HAIR DEFECTIVE3（RHD3）showing an anthocyanin overaccumulation phenotype under nitrogen starvation conditions. It is known that ethylene negatively regulates light- and sucrose-induced anthocyanin biosynthesis. We hypothesized that RHD3 achieves its negative effect on anthocyanin biosynthesis via an ethylene-regulating pathway. In support of this, similar to rhd3 mutants, the Arabidopsis ethylene signaling mutants etr1, ein2, and ein3/eil1 showed an anthocyanin overaccumulation phenotype under nitrogen starvation conditions. The ethylene precursor ACC strongly suppressed anthocyanin accumulation, dependent on ETR1, EIN2, EIN3/EIL1, and, partially, RHD3. In addition,inactivating RHD3 partially reversed the suppressive effect of ETO1 inactivation-evoked endogenous ethylene production on anthocyanin accumulation. The expression of nitrogen starvation-induced anthocyanin biosynthesis genes was negatively regulated by RHD3, but ethylene response genes were Researchpositively regulated by RHD3. Wild-type seedlings overexpressing RHD3 showed similar phenotypes to rhd3 mutants,indicating the existence of a fine-tuned relationship between gene expression and function. RHD3 was initially identified as a gene involved in root hair development. This study uncovered a new physiological function of RHD3 in nitrogen starvationinduced anthocyanin accumulation and ethylene homeostasis.

关键词： Anthocyanin ethylene signaling pathway ROOT HAIRDEFECTIVE3

SPARCL1, Shp2, MSH2, E-cadherin, p53, ADCY-2 and MAPK are prognosis-related in colorectal cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第15期17卷 2028-2036页

作者： Shu-Jing Yu Jie-Kai Yu Wei-ting ge Han-Guang Hu Ying Yuan Shu Zheng Department of Radiation Oncology (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention China National Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Science Zhejiang Province China) the Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University College of Medicine Hangzhou 310009 Zhejiang Province China Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention China National Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Science Zhejiang Province China) the Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University College of Medicine Hangzhou 310009 Zhejiang Province China Department of Medical Oncology the Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University College of Medicine Hangzhou 310009 Zhejiang Province China

AIM: To investigate the expression of markers that are correlated with the prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. METHODS: One hundred and fifty-six CRC patientswere followed up for more than 3 years after radical surgery. Immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis was performed to detect the expression of 14 pathway-related markers (p53, APC, p21ras, E-cadherin, endothelin-B receptor, Shp2, ADCY-2, SPARCL1, neuroligin1, hsp27, mmp-9, MAPK, MSH2 and rho) in specimens from these patients. Bioinformatics analysis involving a Support Vector Machine (SVM) was used to determine the best prognostic model from combinations of these markers. RESULTS: Seven markers (SPARCL1, Shp2, MSH2, E-cadherin, p53, ADCY-2 and MAPK) were significantly related to the prognosis and clinical pathological features of the CRC patients (P ge Ⅱ/Ⅲ patients. According to the best prognostic model, the p53/SPARCL1 model, patients having high p53 and low SPARCL1 expression had about 50% lower 3-year survival than others (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: SPARCL1, Shp2, MSH2, E-cadherin, p53, ADCY-2 and MAPK are potential prognostic markers in CRC. A p53/SPARCL1 bioinformatics model may be used as a supplement to tumor-nodes-metastasis staging.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Prognosis SPARCL1 p53 Bioinformatics

Comparative features of colorectal and gastric cancers with microsatellite instability in Chinese patients

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2010年第9期11卷 647-653页

作者： Yan-qin HUANG Ying YUAN Wei-ting ge Han-guang HU Su-zhan ZHANG Shu ZHENG Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention of Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Science of Zhejiang Province Cancer Institute the Second Affiliated Hospital School of Medicine Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310009 China

Objective:The purpose of this study was to determine the unique and universal features of microsatellite instability-high(MSI-H) colorectal cancer(CRC) and MSI-H gastric cancer(GC) in the Chinese ***:A new panel of mononucleotide MSI markers,BAT25,BAT26,NR21,NR24,and MONO-27,was used to define MSI status in 303 CRC and 288 GC *** features of both types of MSI-H tumors were *** analysis in the hMLH1 promoter region by methylation specific polymerase chain reaction(PCR) and mutation detection of hMSH2/hMLH1 genes by denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography(DHPLC) were carried out ***:MSI-H CRCs and MSI-H GCs account for 11.9% and 8.0% of unselected sporadic CRCs and GCs,***-H CRCs are strongly characterized by early onset,right-side location,low differentiation,mucinous tumor,less infiltration,less lymphatic metastasis,and more often familial ***-H GCs only showed site preference for the antrum and less lymphatic *** and epigenetic analyses were positive in 6/36 MSI-H CRCs and 0/23 MSI-H GCs with pathological mutation in major mismatch repair genes,and in 7/36 MSI-H CRCs and 18/23 MSI-H GCs with methylated hMLH1 promoter(Pgenetic basis and clinicopathological features between MSI-H CRC and MSI-H GC,when compared with their microsatellite stable(MSS) counterparts,site preference and lymphatic metastasis are features common to both types of MSI-H tumors.

关键词： Microsatellite instability Colorectal cancer Gastric cancer Mutation DNA methylation