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Recent Advances in Fibrous Materials for Hydroelectricity Generation

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第2期17卷 109-133页

作者： Can Ge Duo Xu Xiao Feng Xing Yang Zheheng Song Yuhang Song Jingyu Chen Yingcun Liu Chong gao Yong Du Zhe Sun Weilin Xu Jian Fang College of Textile and Clothing Engineering Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215123People’s Republic of China National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215123People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technologies Wuhan Textile UniversityWuhan 430200People’s Republic of China Institute of Functional Nano&Soft Materials(FUNSOM) Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215123People’s Republic of China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of MassachusettsAmherstMA 01003USA Department of Materials Imperial College LondonSouth Kensington CampusLondon SW72AZUK College of Textile Science and Engineering Zhejiang Sci-Tech UniversityHangzhou 310018People’s Republic of China School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai Institute of Technology100 Haiquan RoadShanghai 201418People’s Republic of China

Depleting fossil energy sources and conventional polluting power generation pose a threat to sustainable *** generation from ubiquitous and spontaneous phase transitions between liquid and gaseous water has been considered a promising strategy for mitigating the energy *** materials with unique flexibility,processability,multifunctionality,and practicability have been widely applied for fibrous materials-based hydroelectricity generation(FHG).In this review,the power generation mechanisms,design principles,and electricity enhancement factors of FHG are first ***,the fabrication strategies and characteristics of varied constructions including 1D fiber,1D yarn,2D fabric,2D membrane,3D fibrous framework,and 3D fibrous gel are ***,the advanced functions of FHG during water harvesting,proton dissociation,ion separation,and charge accumulation processes are analyzed in ***,the potential applications including power supply,energy storage,electrical sensor,and information expression are also ***,some existing challenges are considered and prospects for future development are sincerely proposed.

关键词： Hydroelectricity Fibrous material Streaming potential Ion diffusion

Stability analysis of cut-fill and deep patch unsaturated slopes under steady infiltration conditions

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Science China Technological Sciences 2025年第1期 356-367页

作者： Fei ZHANG Shilin JIA Yufeng gao Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Geomechanics and Embankment Engineering College of Civil and Transportation EngineeringHohai University

Cut-fill slopes, as an economical solution in mountainous road construction, are typically jeopardized by cracks and rainfall. Deep patch repair with geosynthetics is an effective technique to mitigate these issues. This paper proposes an upperbound analytical framework for evaluating the stability of cracked cut-fill slopes and deep patch slopes under one-dimensional steady infiltration. The proposed framework is employed to investigate suction-induced effects on slope stability and critical failure surface through a series of parametric analyses. The findings indicate that the suction-induced effect generally increases with air-entry pressure and approaches a constant value. The stability of a cracked cut-fill slope can be enhanced by deep patch repair with geosynthetics. Increasing the deep patch depth enhances local stability and reduces the required reinforcement strength. Generally, the depth of the deep patch should be greater than the crack depth to avoid local failures. Furthermore, a design method involving both local and global stability for deep patch slopes is presented, along with a design example for illustration.

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Inter-Skeleton Conductive Routes Tuning Multifunctional Conductive Foam for Electromagnetic Interference Shielding, Sensing and Thermal Management

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NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2025年第1期17卷 1-18页

作者： Li, Xufeng Chen, Chunyan Li, Zhenyang Yi, Peng Zou, Haihan Deng, gao Fang, Ming He, Junzhe Sun, Xin Yu, Ronghai Shui, Jianglan Pan, Caofeng Liu, Xiaofang Beihang Univ Sch Mat Sci & Engn Beijing 100191 Peoples R China Beihang Univ Inst Atom Mfg Beijing 100191 Peoples R China Tianmushan Lab Xixi Octagon City Hangzhou 310023 Peoples R China Beijing Inst Environm Features Sci & Technol Electromagnet Scattering Lab Beijing 100854 Peoples R China

Unique inter-skeleton conductive films are constructed in polymer *** resistance change of the foam can reach four orders of magnitude under *** foam exhibits strain-adaptive electromagnetic interference shielding performance, anti-interference pressure sensor with high sensitivity over a wide pressure range and compression-regulated Joule heating function. Conductive polymer foam (CPF) with excellent compressibility and variable resistance has promising applications in electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding and other integrated functions for wearable electronics. However, its insufficient change amplitude of resistance with compressive strain generally leads to a degradation of shielding performance during deformation. Here, an innovative loading strategy of conductive materials on polymer foam is proposed to significantly increase the contact probability and contact area of conductive components under compression. Unique inter-skeleton conductive films are constructed by loading alginate-decorated magnetic liquid metal on the polymethacrylate films hanged between the foam skeleton (denoted as AMLM-PM foam). Traditional point contact between conductive skeletons under compression is upgraded to planar contact between conductive films. Therefore, the resistance change of AMLM-PM reaches four orders of magnitude under compression. Moreover, the inter-skeleton conductive films can improve the mechanical strength of foam, prevent the leakage of liquid metal and increase the scattering area of EM wave. AMLM-PM foam has strain-adaptive EMI shielding performance and shows compression-enhanced shielding effectiveness, solving the problem of traditional CPFs upon compression. The upgrade of resistance response also enables foam to achieve sensitive pressure sensing over a wide pressure range and compression-regulated Joule heating function.

关键词： Inter-skeleton conductive films Conductive polymer foam Liquid metal Electromagnetic interference shielding

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骨科学领域组织透明化技术的应用与展望

中国组织工程研究 2025年第15期29卷 3227-3234页

作者：高阳高原马炳江岳辉石永新牡丹江医学院黑龙江省牡丹江市157011 深圳大学附属华南医院广东省深圳市518111 深圳市光明区人民医院广东省深圳市518106

背景:骨组织作为高度矿化且结构复杂的结缔组织,在维持生物体形态和功能中扮演关键角色,传统的成像技术难以满足对其深入观察的需求。组织透明化技术的出现使得研究者能够更加清晰地观察到骨内的细微结构,如骨小梁、骨髓腔以及与骨组织... 详细信息

背景:骨组织作为高度矿化且结构复杂的结缔组织,在维持生物体形态和功能中扮演关键角色,传统的成像技术难以满足对其深入观察的需求。组织透明化技术的出现使得研究者能够更加清晰地观察到骨内的细微结构,如骨小梁、骨髓腔以及与骨组织相互作用的神经和血管网络,为骨科学的研究和临床应用开辟了新的视角。目的:旨在全面梳理组织透明化技术在骨科学领域的应用,并探讨其在骨组织结构与功能研究、疾病机制解析以及治疗策略创新中的潜力,同时对其创新点进行展望。方法:检索覆盖中国知网和PubMed数据库,英文检索词为“tissue clearing,tissue optical,bone”等,中文检索词为“组织透明化、骨、骨缺损”等,结合布尔逻辑以优化检索策略。纳入与组织透明化技术和骨科学研究直接相关的期刊论文和学位论文,排除关联性不强、重复或数据不完整的文献。最终纳入82篇文献进行分析,关注点包括透明化技术的效能、应用范围及对骨科学研究的贡献。结果与结论:①组织透明化技术在骨结构分析、骨代谢研究、骨肿瘤的病理学特征、骨折愈合过程、骨感染的机制研究以及骨移植和植入物材料的生物相容性评价等多个领域均展现出其独特的应用优势;②该技术的应用不仅加速了骨科学领域的基础研究进展,也为临床治疗提供了新的策略和方法,其在骨科学研究领域具有广阔的应用前景。

关键词：组织透明化技术骨科学三维成像骨组织生物医学成像

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失效的“压舱石”:经济安全化的现实转向

国际安全研究 2025年第1期43卷 133-154,159页

作者：高程部彦君中国社会科学院拉丁美洲研究所中国社会科学院大学国际政治经济学院北京100007 同济大学政治与国际关系学院上海200092

经济安全化是国家通过安全叙述将非安全的经济议题转化为安全议题的过程。在国家认为经济合作的收益将损害其在权力竞争中的整体所得时,或者在国家间政治外交关系遇到巨大震荡或冲击时,国家安全逻辑会超越经济逻辑而生效。此时,安全与... 详细信息

经济安全化是国家通过安全叙述将非安全的经济议题转化为安全议题的过程。在国家认为经济合作的收益将损害其在权力竞争中的整体所得时,或者在国家间政治外交关系遇到巨大震荡或冲击时,国家安全逻辑会超越经济逻辑而生效。此时,安全与经济问题在刻意煽动下交织碰撞,国家间密切的经贸关系不仅难以成为管控两国矛盾与分歧的“压舱石”,反而会被国家视作现存的“安全威胁”,成为某些国家中断或破坏双边政治经济联系的借口与手段。国家间存在的经济相互依赖关系也会随之成为安全化操纵国维护与拓展权力、进行地缘政治竞争和打击、操纵他国的战略性工具。因此,文章以存在紧密经济相互依赖的中美与俄欧关系为案例,在比较中美、俄欧之间不同经济安全化动因的基础上,分析经济安全化转向背后的选择逻辑,为中国更好地应对经济安全化挑战、更有针对性地发挥“经济压舱石”作用提供一定思考。

关键词：经济安全化经济压舱石国家安全经济相互依赖

基于知识图谱技术的计算机网络链路漏洞检测研究

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现代电子技术 2025年第1期48卷 97-101页

作者：辛瑞雯高云山西大学山西太原030006 山西大同大学计算机与网络工程学院山西大同037009

计算机网络链路的漏洞信息具有类型复杂、来源广及数量庞大等特点,导致此类漏洞的威胁判断尤为困难。知识图谱技术具有数据整合及统一表示特性,可以统一结构化整合呈现复杂特点的漏洞信息,为此,文中提出基于知识图谱技术的计算机网络链... 详细信息

计算机网络链路的漏洞信息具有类型复杂、来源广及数量庞大等特点,导致此类漏洞的威胁判断尤为困难。知识图谱技术具有数据整合及统一表示特性,可以统一结构化整合呈现复杂特点的漏洞信息,为此,文中提出基于知识图谱技术的计算机网络链路漏洞检测方法。收集计算机网络链路的各种数据源漏洞信息,抽取其中的漏洞实体知识与关系知识,构建网络链路漏洞知识图谱。运用卷积神经网络模型学习该知识图谱中的漏洞知识,通过训练后的模型实现网络链路漏洞检测。结果显示,该方法可针对包含不同类型、数量链路漏洞的工况,实现漏洞知识图谱的构建,并且漏洞威胁检测精度始终保持在90%以上。因此,说明所研究检测方法的检测结果精准可靠,可为计算机网络链路数据安全传输提供保障。

关键词：知识图谱计算机网络链路漏洞漏洞实体知识关系知识知识抽取网络安全

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双编码端高分辨率遥感影像语义分割算法

计算机科学与探索 2025年第1期19卷 187-195页

作者：吴梦可高心丹东北林业大学计算机与控制工程学院

遥感影像具有多尺度对象、复杂背景、不均衡类别等特点。基于卷积神经网络（CNN）的语义分割算法难以捕捉到影像的全局特征，导致分割效果不佳。针对以上问题，利用Swin Transformer的全局特征提取能力，提出了双编码端高分辨率遥感影... 详细信息

遥感影像具有多尺度对象、复杂背景、不均衡类别等特点。基于卷积神经网络（CNN）的语义分割算法难以捕捉到影像的全局特征，导致分割效果不佳。针对以上问题，利用Swin Transformer的全局特征提取能力，提出了双编码端高分辨率遥感影像语义分割算法DEGFNet。设计特征融合模块（FFB）将Swin Transformer捕获的全局特征引入编码端，应对多尺度对象带来的挑战。在Swin Transformer中设计空间交互模块（SIB），降低复杂背景样本带来的负面影响；在解码端引入全局-局部注意力模块（GLTB）和特征细化模块（FRB），来更好地利用编码端提取的信息，提高语义分割的精确性；采用交叉熵损失和Dice Loss组成的混合损失函数训练模型，减轻样本类别不均衡带来的消极影响。在Vaihingen数据集上，宏观平均F1值（mF1）、平均交并比（mIoU）和整体准确率（OA）指标分别达到91.9%、84.8%和92.4%；在LoveDA数据集上，mIoU指标达到55.0%，均展现出了更好的语义分割效果和良好的泛化性。

关键词：高分辨率遥感影像语义分割卷积神经网络 Swin Transformer

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Macro-mechanics and Microstructure of Nanomaterial-modified Geopolymer Concrete:A Comprehensive Review

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2025年第1期 204-214页

作者：王涛范向前 gao Changsheng QU Chiyu The National Key Laboratory of Water Disaster Prevention Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou) School of Water Conservancy and Transportation Zhengzhou University

We have described in detail the effects of nano-SiO2,nano-CaCO3,carbon nanotubes,and nano-Al2O3on geopolymer concrete from the perspectives of macro mechanics and *** existing research results show that the mechanism of nano-materials on geopolymer concrete mainly includes the filling effect,nucleation effect,and bridging effect,the appropriate amount of nano-materials can be used as fillers to reduce the porosity of geopolymer concrete,and can also react with Ca（OH）2to produce C-S-H gel,thereby improving the mechanical properties of geopolymer *** optimum content of nano-SiO2is between 1.0% and 2.0%.The optimum content of nano-CaCO3is between 2.0% and 3.0%.The optimum content of carbon nanotubes is between 0.1% and 0.2%.The optimum content of nano-Al2O3is between 1.0% and 2.0%.The main problems existing in the research and application of nanomaterial-modified geopolymer concrete are summarized,which lays a foundation for the further application of nanomaterial in geopolymer concrete.

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“劳动雇佣资本”公司治理范式的特征、适用环境和治理机制研究

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工业技术经济 2025年第1期44卷 3-11页

作者：高明华李扬北京师范大学经济与工商管理学院北京100875 北京师范大学公司治理与企业发展研究中心北京100875

在当今科技革命和产业变革方兴未艾的时代背景下,知识和技术成为经济增长和财富积累的主要驱动力,企业家等高能力人力资本作为知识和技术的载体,在企业的经营决策和创新创造中占据主导地位。同时,企业家人力资本的稀缺性和专用性及其风... 详细信息

在当今科技革命和产业变革方兴未艾的时代背景下,知识和技术成为经济增长和财富积累的主要驱动力,企业家等高能力人力资本作为知识和技术的载体,在企业的经营决策和创新创造中占据主导地位。同时,企业家人力资本的稀缺性和专用性及其风险承担能力和创造能力的提升使得企业家人力资本相对价格提高,财务资本相对价格降低,从而促使公司治理范式从“资本雇佣劳动”向“劳动雇佣资本”变革。高科技时代背景、资本市场完善导致的股权多元化以及企业较高的创新发展需求为“劳动雇佣资本”治理范式发展提供了适用环境。此外,“劳动雇佣资本”治理范式不仅会极大地激发企业家能力,也会引发企业各治理主体权益发生变化,进而能够通过提高治理效率和实现制度革新推动新质生产力的发展。

关键词：劳动雇佣资本资本雇佣劳动公司治理相对价格企业家能力人力资本稀缺性人力资本专用性新质生产力