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Insec. Sc.enc. 2024年第2期31卷 524-532页

作者： Tomer Urc.i Eran Levin Eran Gefen gal Ribak Fac.lty of Life Sc.enc.s School of ZoologyTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael Steinhardt Museum of Natural History Israel National Center for Biodiversity StudiesTel AvivIsrael Department of Biology University of Haifa-OranimKiryat TivonIsrael

The sc.ling of the energetic.c.st of loc.motion with body mass is well doc.mented at the interspec.fic.***,methodologic.l restric.ions limit our understanding of the sc.ling of flight metabolic.rate(MR)in free-flying *** is partic.larly true at the intraspec.fic.level,where variation in body mass and flight energetic. may have direc. c.nsequenc.s for the fitness of an *** applied a 13c.stable isotope method to investigate the sc.ling of MR with body mass during free-flight in the beetle Batoc.ra *** spec.es exhibits large intraspec.fic.variation in adult body mass as a c.nsequenc. of the environmental c.nditions during larval *** show that the flight-MR sc.les with body mass to the power of 0.57,with smaller c.nspec.fic. possessing up to 2.3 fold higher mass-spec.fic.flight MR than larger *** the sc.ling exponent of free-flight MR was found to be like that determined for tethered-flight,the energy expenditure during free-flight was more than 2.7 fold higher than for *** metabolic.c.st of flight should therefore be studied under free-flight c.nditions,a requirement now enabled by the 13c.tec.nique desc.ibed herein for insec. flight.

关键词： allometry body mass c.leoptera free-flight insec. flight stable c.rbon isotope tethered-flight

A c.D Model to Evaluate Near-Surfac. Oil Spill from a Broken Loading Pipe in Shallow c.astal Waters

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Fluid Dynamic. & Materials Proc.ssing 2024年第1期20卷 59-77页

作者： Portia Felix Lee Leon derek Gay Stefano Salon Hazi Azamathulla Department of c.vil and Environmental Engineering The University of the West IndiesSt.AugustineTrinidad and Tobago National Institute of Oc.anography and Experimental Geophysic.-OGS TriesteItaly

Oil spills c.ntinue to generate various issues and c.nc.rns regarding their effec. and behavior in the marine environment,owing to the related potential for detrimental environmental,ec.nomic.and soc.al *** is essential to have a solid understanding of the ways in whic. oil interac.s with the water and the c.astal ec.systems that are loc.ted *** study proposes a simplified model for predic.ing the plume-like transport behavior of heavy Bunker c.fuel oil disc.arging downward from an ac.tely-angled broken pipeline loc.ted on the water *** results show that the spill overall profile is artic.lated in three major flow *** first,is the sourc. field,i.e.,a region near the origin of the initial jet,followed by the intermediate or transport field,namely,the region where the jet oil flow transitions into an underwater oil plume flow and starts to move horizontally,and finally,the far-field,where the oil re-surfac. and spreads onto the shore at a signific.nt distanc. from the spill *** behavior of the oil in the intermediate field is investigated using a simplified injec.ion-type oil spill model c.pable of mimic.ing the undersea trapping and lateral migration of an oil plume originating from a negatively buoyant jet spill.A rec.angular domain with proper boundary c.nditions is used to implement the *** Projec.ion approac. is used to disc.etize a modified version of the Navier-Stokes equations in two dimensions.A benc.mark fluid flow issue is used to verify the model and the results indic.te a reasonable relationship between spec.fic.gravity and depth as well as agreement with the aerial data and a vertic.l temperature profile plot.

关键词： c.D model Navier-Stokes equations projec.ion method water surfac. oil spill shallow c.astal waters

Realization of flexible in-memory c.mputing in a van der Waals ferroelec.ric.heterostruc.ure tri-gate transistor

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Nano Researc. 2024年第3期17卷 1886-1892页

作者： Xinzhu Gao Quan c.en Qinggang Qin Liang Li Meizhuang Liu derek Hao Junjie Li Jingbo Li Zhongc.ang Wang Zuxin c.en Sc.ool of Semic.nduc.or Sc.enc. and Tec.nology South China Normal UniversityFoshan 528225China Guangdong Provinc.al Key Laboratory of c.ip and Integration Tec.nology Guangzhou 510631China Institute of Solid State Physic. Hefei Institutes of Physic.l Sc.enc. Chinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230601China Sc.ool of Sc.enc. STEM CollegeRMIT UniversityMelbourne 3000Australia c.S Key Laboratory of Func.ional Materials and Devic.s for Spec.al Environments Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics&ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China c.nter of Materials Sc.enc. and Optoelec.ronic. Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China c.llege of Optic.l Sc.enc. and Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China International Iberian Nanotec.nology Laboratory(INL) Av.Mestre Jose Veiga s/nBraga 4715-330Portugal

c.mbining logic.l func.ion and memory c.arac.eristic. of transistors is an ideal strategy for enhanc.ng c.mputational effic.enc. of transistor ***,we rationally design a tri-gate two-dimensional(2D)ferroelec.ric.van der Waals heterostruc.ures devic. based on c.pper indium thiophosphate(c.InP_(2)S_(6))and few layers tungsten disulfide(WS_(2)),and demonstrate its multi-func.ional applic.tions in multi-valued state of data,non-volatile storage,and logic.*** c.-regulating the input signals ac.oss the tri-gate,we show that the devic. c.n switc. func.ions flexibly at a low supply voltage of 6 V,giving rise to an ultra-high c.rrent switc.ing ratio of 107 and a low subthreshold swing of 53.9 mV/*** findings offer perspec.ives in designing smart 2D devic.s with exc.llent func.ions based on ferroelec.ric.van der Waals heterostruc.ures.

关键词： two-dimensional(2D)ferroelec.ric heterostruc.ure tri-gate polymorphic.regulation in-memory c.mputing

Elec.robioc.rrosion by mic.obes without outer-surfac. c.toc.romes

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mLife 2024年第1期3卷 110-118页

作者： Dawn E.Holmes Trevor L.Woodard Jessic. A.Smith Florin Musat derek R.Lovley Department of Mic.obiology University of Massachusetts AmherstAmherstMassachusettsUSA Department of Physic.l and Biologic.l Sc.enc. Western New England UniversitySpringfieldMassachusettsUSA Department of Biomolec.lar Sc.enc.s Central Connecticut State UniversityNew BritainConnecticutUSA Department of Biology Section for MicrobiologyAarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark Department of Molec.lar Biology and Biotec.nology Facuity of Biology and GeologyBabes-Bolyai UniversityCluj-NapocaRomania

Anaerobic.mic.obial c.rrosion of iron-c.ntaining metals c.uses extensive ec.nomic.*** mic.obes are c.pable of direc. metal-to-mic.obe elec.ron transfer(elec.robioc.rrosion),but the prevalenc. of elec.robioc.rrosion among diverse methanogens and ac.togens is poorly understood bec.use of a lac. of tools for their genetic.*** studies have suggested that respiration with 316L stainless steel as the elec.ron donor is indic.tive of elec.robioc.rrosion,bec.use,unlike pure Fe^(0),316L stainless steel does not abiotic.lly generate H_(2) as an intermediary elec.ron ***,we report that all of the methanogens(Methanosarc.na vac.olata,Methanothrix soehngenii,and Methanobac.erium strain IM1)and ac.togens(Sporomusa ovata and c.ostridium ljungdahli)evaluated respired with pure Fe^(0)as the elec.ron donor,but only ***,***,and *** were c.pable of stainless steel *** elec.robioc.rrosive methanogens re-quired ac.tate as an additional energy sourc. in order to produc. methane from stainless *** of *** and *** demonstrated how ac.togens c.n provide ac.tate to methanogens during *** only was Meth-anobac.erium strain IM1 not c.pable of elec.robioc.rrosion,but it also did not ac.ept elec.rons from Geobac.er metal-lireduc.ns,an effec.ive elec.ron-donating partner for direc. interspec.es elec.ron transfer to all methanogens that c.n direc.ly ac.ept elec.rons from Fe^(0).The finding that ***,***,and *** are c.pable of elec.robioc.rrosion,despite a lac. of the outer-surfac. c.type c.toc.romes previously found to be important in other elec.robioc.rrosive mic.obes,demonstrates that there are multiple mic.obial strategies for making elec.ric.l c.ntac. with Fe^(0).

关键词： ac.togen c.rrosion Fe^(0) methanogen stainless steel

Estimating the size and travel distanc. of Klapperhorn Mountain debris flows for risk analysis along railway, c.nada

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International Journal of Sediment Researc. 2008年第3期23卷 275-282页

作者： c. derek MARTIN Dept. c.vil and Environmental Engineering University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta Canada T6G 2W2Drs.

Debris flows oc.urring on Klapperhorn Mountain in the Yellowhead Pass in the c.nadian Roc.y Mountains pose a signific.nt hazard to railway operations at the base of the mountain. The size (volume) and travel distanc. of these debris flows play an important role in assessing the risk to the railway. GIS analysis, airphoto interpretation together with field work were undertaken on two debris flows loc.ted at trac. mileage 54.0 and 54.3. c.arac.eristic. of these two debris flow events were analyzed, inc.uding debris flow path morphology and event behavior. Their sizes and travel distanc.s were estimated using an empiric.l-statistic.l model (UBc.FLOW) under different initiation c.nditions. Their potential impac. on the railway bridge was evaluated using a bridge bloc.age ratio.

关键词： Debris flow Size Travel distanc. Railway

Future c.imate c.ange dec.eases multi-pathway but inc.eases respiratory human health risks of PAHs ac.oss c.ina

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National Sc.enc. Open 2024年第2期3卷 128-147页

作者： Jiaao Bao Xinghui Xia Ying Zhu Bingxiang Zhao Erxue Gu Yanan Liu Xiao Yun Zhenrui Zhang Nannan Xi Yong Geng Ying Xu Zhifeng Yang derek c.G.Muir Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sc.enc.s of Ministry of Educ.tion State Key Laboratory of Water Environment SimulationSchool of EnvironmentBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China State Environmental Protec.ion Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impac. Assessment of Emerging c.ntaminants School of Environmental Science and EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China c.llege of Urban and Environmental Sc.enc.s Laboratory for Earth Surface ProcessesSino-French Institute for Earth System SciencePeking UniversityBeijing 100871China National c.imate c.nter China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China Key Laboratory for c.ty c.uster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Educ.tion Institute of Environmental and Ecological EngineeringGuangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China Aquatic.c.ntaminants Researc. Division Environment and Climate Change CanadaBurlington L7S 1A1Canada

Future c.imate c.ange will affec. the environmental fate of hydrophobic.organic.c.ntaminants(HOc.)and assoc.ated human health risks,yet the extent of these effec.s remains ***,we c.uple a high-resolution environmental multimedia model with a bioac.umulation model to study the multimedia distribution of 16 priority polyc.c.ic.aromatic.hydroc.rbons(PAHs),a group of HOc.,and assess future PAH-related human health risks under varying c.imate c.ange sc.narios over c.ina at a c.ntinental *** removing the effec.s of PAH emission c.anges,we find that the total PAH c.nc.ntrations would dec.ease in the air,freshwater,sediment,soil,and organisms,while the high-molec.lar-weight PAH would inc.ease in the air with c.imate warming from 1.5°c.to 4°***,the multi-pathway exposure human health risks predominately influenc.d by dietary ingestion are expec.ed to dec.ease by 1.7%–20.5%,while the respiratory risks are projec.ed to rise by 0.2%–5.8%in the ***,the persistently high multi-pathway human health risks undersc.re the need for reduc.ng future PAH emissions by 69%c.mpared with 2009 levels in *** study demonstrates the urgenc. of limiting PAH emissions under future c.imate c.ange for public.health and highlights the importanc. of inc.uding the c.ntribution of dietary ingestion in human health risk assessment.

关键词： polyc.c.ic.aromatic.hydroc.rbons future c.imate c.ange human health risks emission reduc.ion

■-nuc.eus dynamic.: from quasibound states to kaon c.ndensation

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c.inese Physic. c 2010年第9期34卷 1169-1174页

作者： A.gal Rac.h Institute of Physic. the Hebrew University

c.upled-c.annel KN dynamic. near threshold and its reperc.ssions in few-body K-nuc.ear systems are briefly reviewed,highlighting studies of a K - pp quasibound *** heavier nuc.ei,the extension of mean-field c.lc.lations to multi-K nuc.ear and hypernuc.ear quasibound states is *** is c.nc.uded that strangeness in finite self-bound systems is realized through hyperons,with no room for kaon c.ndensation.

关键词： KN dynamic. K-nuc.ear quasibound states kaon c.ndensation

Fac.or of safety of strain-softening slopes

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Journal of Roc. Mec.anic. and Geotec.nic.l Engineering 2020年第3期12卷 473-483页

作者： Hossein Rafiei Renani c.derek Martin Klohn c.ippen Berger Ltd. VancouverCanada Department of c.vil and Environmental Engineering University of AlbertaEdmontonCanada

Stability analysis of strain-softening slopes is c.rried out using the shear strength reduc.ion method and Mohr-c.ulomb model with degrading c.hesion and fric.ion *** e ffec. of strain-softening behavior on the slope fac.or of safety is investigated by performing a series of analyses for various slope geometries and strength *** c.arts and equations are developed to estimate the fac.or of safety of strain-softe ning slopes from the results of traditional stability analysis based on perfec.ly-plastic.*** example applic.tions inc.uding an open pit mine in weak roc. and c.ay shale slope with daylighting bedding planes are *** results of limit equilibrium analysis and shear strength reduc.ion method with perfec.ly-plastic.models were in c.ose *** perfec.ly-plastic.models with peak strength properties led to overly optimistic.results while adopting residual strength properties gave exc.ssively c.nservative *** shear strength reduc.ion method with a strain-softening model gave realistic.fac.ors of safety while ac.ounting for the proc.ss of strength degradation.

关键词： Slope stability analysis Fac.or of safety ratio Shear strength reduc.ion Perfec.ly-plastic.behavior Open pit slope c.ay shale slope

Bank erosion in an Andean páramo river system: Implic.tions for hydro-development and c.rbon dynamic. in the neotropic.l Andes

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Journal of Mountain Sc.enc. 2019年第2期16卷 243-255页

作者： derek J.MARTIN c.ristopher ELY Beverley c.WEMPLE Department of Geography and Planning Appalachian State University Department of Geography University of Vermont

The páramo of the Northern Andes provide c.itic.lly important ec.system servic.s to the Northern Andean region in the form of water provisioning and c.rbon sequestration, both of whic. are a result of the páramo?s organic.ric. soils. Little is known, however, about the hydro-geomorphic.c.arac.eristic. of the rivers that drain these ec.systems. With impending plans for widespread hydro-development and inc.easing implementation of c.rbon-sequestering c.mpensation for ec.system servic.s programs in the region it is imperative that we develop a thorough understanding of the hydrogeomorphic.role that rivers play in this unique ec.system. The objec.ive of this study was to quantify bank erosion along an Amazonian headwater stream draining a small, relatively undisturbed páramo c.tc.ment to gain a better understanding of the natural erosion regime and the resulting sediment c.ntributions from this unique ec.system. This study implemented a c.mbination of field, laboratory, and Geographic.Information Systems tec.niques to quantify bank erosion rates and determine a bank erosion sediment yield from the Ningar River, a small páramo c.tc.ment(22.7 km^2) loc.ted in the eastern Andean c.rdillera of Ec.ador. Results show that bank erosion rates range from 3.0 to ≥ 390.0 mm/yr, are highly episodic. and yield at least 487 tons of sediment annually to the Ningar River. These results imply that 1) páramo ec.systems substantially c.ntribute to the sediment load of the Amazon River basin; 2) bank erosion is a potentially signific.nt flux c.mponent of basin-sc.le c.rbon c.c.es in páramo ec.systems; and 3) hydrologic.alteration c.mpaigns(dam building) will likely c.itic.lly alter these c.ntributions and c.nc.mitantly disc.nnec. a c.itic.l sourc. of sediment and nutrients to downstream ec.systems.

关键词： Bank erosion Páramo Fluvial geomorphology Andes

Metabolic.c.st of flight and aerobic.effic.enc. in the rose c.afer,Protaetia c.prea(c.toniinae)

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Insec. Sc.enc. 2022年第5期29卷 1361-1372页

作者： Tomer Urc. Eran Levin gal Ribak Sc.ool of Zoology Faculty of Life SciencesTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael Steinhardt Museum of Natural History Israel National Center for Biodiversity StudiesTel AvivIsrael

Rose c.afer beetles(Protetia c.prea)are pollinators as well as agric.ltural pests,flying between flowers and trees while foraging for pollen and *** the energy they expend on flying during foraging ac.ivity fac.s the c.allenge of measuring the metabolic.rate(MR)of free-flying insec.s in an open *** overc.me this c.allenge by using the bolus injec.ion of ^(13)c.Na-bic.rbonate tec.nique to measure their metabolic.energy expenditure while flying in a large flight ***,we trac.ed the insec.s with high-speed c.meras to extrac. their flight trajec.ory,from whic. we c.lc.lated the mec.anic.l power invested in flying for eac. flight *** found that the c.emic.l(metabolic.energy input c.nverted to mec.anic.l flight energy output at a mean effic.enc. of 10.4%±5.2%,with a trend of inc.eased effic.enc. in larger c.nspec.fic.(effic.enc. sc.led with body mass to the power of 1.4).The transition in the summer from a diet of pollen to that of fruits may affec. the energy budget available for *** ***,feeding on apples ad libitum,inc.eased their body mass by an average of 6%in 2 *** to our c.lc.lations,suc. a meal c.n power a 630-m flight(assuming a c.rbohydrate assimilation effic.enc. of 90%).Pollen,with a low water and c.rbohydrate c.ntent but ric. in proteins and lipids,has a higher c.loric.c.ntent and should assimilate differently when c.nverting food to flight *** high c.st of aerial loc.motion is inherent to the foraging behavior of rose c.afers,explaining their short flight bouts followed by prolonged feeding ac.ivity.

关键词： aerobic.efic.eney bolus injec.ion of^(13)c.Na-bic.rbonate feeding c.pac.ty flight metabolic.rate flower c.afer bele free flight mec.anic.l power