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A modified RUSLE model to simulate soil erosion under different ecological restoration types in the loess hilly area

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2024年第2期12卷 258-266页

作者： guangyao gao Yue Liang Jianbo Liu David Dunkerley Bojie Fu State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100085China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment Tianjin Normal UniversityTianjin300387China School of Earth Atmosphereand EnvironmentFaculty of ScienceMonash UniversityMelbourneVictoria3800Australia National Observation and Research Station of Earth Critical Zone on the Loess Plateau in Shaanxi Xi'an710061China

Soil erosion is mainly affected by the rainfall characteristics and land cover conditions,and soil erosion modelling is important for evaluating land degradation *** revised Universal Soil Loss Equation(RUSLE)have been widely used to simulate soil loss *** studies usually considered the general rainfall characteristics and direct effect of runoff with the event rainfall erosivity factor(R_(e))to produce event soil loss(A_(e)),whereas the fluctuation of rainfall intensity within the natural rainfall profile has rarely been *** this study,the relative amplitude of rainfall intensity(R_(am))was proposed to generalize the features of rainfall intensity fluctuation under natural rainfall,and it was incorporated in a new R_(e)(R_(e)=R_(am)EI_(30))to develop the RUSLE model considering the fluctuation of rainfall intensity(RUSLE-F).The simulation performance of RUSLE-F model was compared with RUSLE-M1 model(R_(e)=EI_(30))and RUSLE-M2 model(R_(e)=Q_(R)EI_(30))using observations in field plots of grassland,orchard and shrubland during 2011–2016 in a loess hilly catchment of *** results indicated that the relationship between A_(e) and R_(am)EI_(30) was well described by a power function with higher R2 values(0.82–0.96)compared to Q_(R)EI_(30)(0.80–0.88)and EI_(30)(0.24–0.28).The RUSLE-F model much improved the accuracy in simulating A_(e) with higher NSE(0.55–0.79 vs−0.11∼0.54)and lower RMSE(0.82–1.67 vs 1.04–2.49)than RUSLE-M1 ***,the RUSLE-F model had better simulation performance than RUSLE-M2 model under grassland and orchard,and more importantly the rainfall data in the RUSLE-F model can be easily obtained compared to the measurements or estimations of runoff data required by the RUSLE-M2 *** study highlighted the paramount importance of rainfall intensity fluctuation in event soil loss prediction,and the RUSLE-F model contributed to the further development of USLE/RUSLE family of models.

关键词： Soil erosion Rainfall intensity fluctuation Vegetation restoration USLE/RUSLE model Loess plateau

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Response of Soil Moisture to Rainfall Event in Black Locust Plantations at Different Stages of Restoration in Hilly-gully Area of the Loess Plateau, China

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Chinese Geographical Science 2020年第3期30卷 427-445页

作者： CHEN Weiliang LI Zongshan JIAO Lei WANG Cong gao guangyao FU Bojie State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of Sci-encesBeijing 100085 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China School of Geography and Tourism Shaanxi Normal UniversityXi'an 710119China

Precipitation plays an important role in the water supplies that support ecological restoration by sustaining large-scale artificial plantations in arid and semiarid regions, especially black locust(Robinia pseudoacacia) plantations(RP plantations), which are widely planted due to R. pseudoacacia being an excellent pioneer species. Characterizing the response of soil moisture to rainfall events at different stages of restoration is important for assessing the sustainability of restoration in RP plantations. In this study, we quantified the response of soil moisture to rainfall events at different years of restoration(15, 20 and 30 yr) representing different restoration stages in RP plantations in a typical hilly-gully area, i.e., the Yangjuangou Catchment, of the Loess Plateau, China. Over the growing season(June to September) of 2017, smart probes were placed at nine depths(10, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, 150, and 180 cm below the soil surface) to obtain volumetric soil water information at 30-min intervals in the three RP plantations. The advance of the wetting front was depicted, and the total cumulative water infiltration was measured. Soil moisture was mainly replenished by eight heavy rainfall events(mean rainfall amount = 46.3 mm), accounting for 88.7% of the rainfall during the growing season. The mean soil moisture content profiles of RP plantations at the three restoration stages were ordered as 30-yr(14.07%) > 20-yr(10.12%) > 15-yr(8.03%), and this relationship displayed temporal stability. Soil moisture was primarily replenished by rainfall at the 0-60 cm soil depth, and soil moisture remained stable below the 100-cm soil depth. The rainfall regime influenced the advancement of the wetting front. Here, a single rainfall event of 30 mm was the rainfall threshold for infiltration into the 60-cm soil layer. The total infiltration time ranged from 310.5-322.0 h, but no significant differences were found among RP plantations at different restoration stages. You

关键词： artificial-forest ecosystem hilly-gully area restoration stages soil water replenishment rainfall regimes rainfall event

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Linking vegetation cover patterns to hydrological responses using two process-based pattern indices at the plot scale

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Science China Earth Sciences 2013年第11期56卷 1888-1898页

作者： LIU Yu FU BoJie Lü YiHe gao guangyao WANG Shuai ZHOU Ji State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences Laboratory of Digital Earth Sciences Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital EarthChinese Academy of Sciences

Vegetation cover pattern is one of the factors controlling hydrological processes. Spatially distributed models are the primary tools previously applied to document the effect of vegetation cover patterns on runoff and soil erosion. Models provide precise estimations of runoff and sediment yields for a given vegetation cover pattern. However, difficulties in parameterization and the problematic explanation of the causes of runoff and sedimentation rates variation weaken prediction capability of these models. Landscape pattern analysis employing pattern indices based on runoff and soil erosion mechanism provides new tools for finding a solution. In this study, the vegetation cover pattern was linked with runoff and soil erosion by two previously de- veloped pattern indices, which were modified in this study, the Directional Leakiness Index （DL[） and Flowlength. Although they use different formats, both indices involve connectivity of sources ,areas （interpatch bare areas）. The indices were revised by bringing in the functional heterogeneity of the plant cover types and the landscape position. Using both artificial and field verified vegetation cover maps, observed runoff and sediment production on experiment plots, we tested the indices＇ efficiency and compared the indices with their antecedents. The results illustrate that the modified indices are more effective in indicating runoff at the plot/hillslope scale than their antecedents. However, sediment export levels are not provided by the modified indices. This can be attributed to multi-factor interaction on the hydrological process, the feedback mechanism between the hydrological function of cover patterns and threshold phenomena in hydrological processes.

关键词： cover pattern indices runoff soil erosion vegetation cover pattern

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A holistic framework for facilitating environmental and human health

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Geography and Sustainability 2021年第4期2卷 298-303页

作者： Yihe Lv Da Lv guangyao gao Bojie Fu State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesPO Box 2871Beijing 100085China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

In the Anthropocene,health is necessary to achieve global sustainable *** is a challenge because health issues are complex and span from humans to ecosystems and the environment through dynamic interac-tions across *** find that the health issues have been mainly addressed by disciplinary endeavors which unfortunately will not result in panoramic theories or effective *** recommend focusing on the intri-cate interactions between humans,ecosystems and the environment for developing common theoretical under-standings and practical solutions for safeguarding planetary health,with human health as the key indicator and *** facilitate this paradigm shift,a holistic framework is formulated that incorporates disturbances from inner Earth and our solar system,and accommodates interactions between humans,ecosystems and the environ-ment in a nested *** integrative and transdisciplinary health science is advocated along with holistic thinking to resolve our current health challenges and to achieve the health-related sustainable development goals.

关键词： Health science Surface earth system Human environment interactions Environmental pollution,Sustainable development

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A landscape persistence-based methodological framework for assessing ecological stability

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Environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2024年第1期17卷 31-39页

作者： Da Lü Yihe Lü guangyao gao Siqi Sun Yi Wang Bojie Fu State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesPO Box 2871Beijing100085China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China

Ecological stability is a critical factor in global sustainable development,yet its significance has been *** we introduce a landscape-oriented framework to evaluate ecological stability in the Qingzang Plateau(QP).Our findings reveal a medium-high stability level in the QP,with minimal changes over recent *** driving factors vary across landscape types,with climate and anthropogenic factors emerging as crucial *** anthropogenic factors are strong but unstable due to policy changes and economic development,climatic factors exert a consistent *** on our results,we propose site-specific ecological conservation and restoration *** ecological stability assessment framework provides a practical tool to understand the link between environmental conditions and ecosystems.

关键词： Ecological stability assessment framework Landscape changes Nature conservation and ecological restoration Nature-based solutions Qingzang Plateau

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Comparison of transpiration between different aged black locust(Robinia pseudoacacia)trees on the semi-arid Loess Plateau,China

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Journal of Arid Land 2016年第4期8卷 604-617页

作者： JIAOLei LU Nan FU Bojie gao guangyao WANG Shuai JIN Tiantian ZHANG Liwei LIU Jianbo ZHANG Di State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Joint Center(or Global Change Studies Beijing 100875China China Institute of Water Resources andHydropower Research Beijing 100038China College of Tourism and Environment Shaanxi Normal UniversityXi'an 710119China College of Earth and Environmental Science Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China

Black locust （Robinia pseudoacacia） is widely planted throughout the semi-arid Loess Plateau of China. The spatial distribution of this species at different ages is highly heterogeneous due to restoration and management practices. In this study, we aimed to compare the transpiration levels between different aged black locusts at the tree and stand scales, clarifying the physiological status of this species with different ages. Black locust trees with two representative age classes （12 and 28 years） were selected in the Yangjuangou catchment on the semi-arid Loess Plateau. Sap flux density （Fd） and environmental variables （solar radiation, air temperature, relative humidity and soil water content） were simultaneously monitored throughout the growing season of 2014. Tree transpiration （Et） was the product of Fd and sapwood area （As）, and stand transpiration （Ec） was calculated basing on the stand sap flux density （Js） and stand total sapwood area （AsT）. Stomatal conductance （gs） was measured in a controlled environment and hydraulic conductance was estimated using the relationship between transpiration rate and vapor pressure deficit （VPD）. Our results showed that Et and Ec were higher in the 28-year-old stand than in the 12-year-old stand. The gs and hydraulic conductance of 28-year-old trees were also higher than those of 12-year-old trees, and the two parameters were thus the causes of variations in transpiration between different age classes. After rainfall, mean Fd increased by 9% in 28-year-old trees and by 5% in 12-year-old trees. This study thus suggests that stand age should be considered for estimating transpiration at the catchment and region scales in this area. These results provide ecophysiological evidences that the older black locust trees had more active physiological status than the younger ones in this area. These findings also provide basic information for the management of water resources and forests on the semi-arid Loess Plateau.

关键词： sapflow transpiration stand age afforestation restoration Loess Plateau

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Effects of land use patterns on slope soil water in the semiarid Loess Plateau,China

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2022年第4期32卷 701-716页

作者： JIAO Lei YANG Wenhui JIA Tian MAIERDANG Keyimu CHEN Weiliang gao guangyao WANG Shuai LIU Jianbo WANG Cong School of Geography and Tourism Shaanxi Normal UniversityXi'an 710119China State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China National Observation and Research Station of Earth Critical Zone on the Loess Plateau in Shaanxi Beijing 100875China Faculty of Geographical Science Beijing Normal UniversityTianjin 300387China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment Tianjin Normal UniversityXi'an 710061China

Land use patterns(LUPs)are the form in which various land use types are combined spatially,evidently impacting soil ***,the influence mechanism by which LUPs form remains *** this study,the soil water content(SWC)in the 0–160-cm soil depth was observed in shrubland(SL),mature forestland(MF),grassland(GL)and young forestland(YF)sites on four slopes with different LUPs in the Yangjuangou catchment of the Chinese Loess *** SWC in SL-YF-SL(13.28%)was significantly greater than that in YF-MF(9.93%),MF-GL-YF(10.38%)and SL-MF(10.83%)and was temporally stable during the study *** spatial distribution of SWC along the slope differed among the four *** characteristics and soil texture mainly determined the spatial variations in SWC in the shallow soil layers(0–40 cm),while topographic factors were the determinants in the deep soil layers(60–160 cm)as well as in the entire soil profile(0–160 cm).The significance of SWC differences among the various land use patterns increased with decreasing precipitation during the growing ***-MF(77.8 mm)and SL-YF-GL(73.9 mm)required more rainwater than SL-MF(68.2 mm)and MF-GL-MF(67.5 mm)to compensate for the loss of soil water on the monthly scale during the rainy ***,vegetation restoration should consider land use patterns on hillslopes for soil water conservation.

关键词： land use patterns land management soil water resource vegetation restoration hillslope

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Spatiotemporal drivers of Nature's contributions to people:A countylevel study

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Environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2024年第4期20卷 323-332页

作者： Wei Jiang Bojie Fu Zhongguo Shu Yihe Lv guangyao gao Xiaoming Feng Stefan Schüler Xing Wu Cong Wang State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesNo.18 Shuangqing Road100085BeijingChina Functional Agrobiodiversity Georg-August-Universit€at G€ottingenGrisebachstraße 637077G€ottingenGermany

Nature's contributions to people(NCP)encompass both the beneficial and detrimental effects of living nature on human quality of life,including regulatory,material,and non-material ***,vital NCPs have been deteriorating,accelerated by changes in both natural and anthropogenic drivers over recent *** the often inevitable trade-offs between NCPs due to their spatially and temporally uneven distributions,few studies have quantitatively assessed the impacts of different drivers on the spatial and temporal changes in multiple NCPs and their *** we evaluate the effects of precipitation,temperature,population,gross domestic product,vegetation restoration,and urban expansion on four key regulatory NCPs-habitat maintenance,climate regulation,water quantity regulation,and soil protection-in Nei Mongol at the county *** observe increasing trends in climate regulation and soil protection from 2000 to 2019,contrasted with declining trends in habitat maintenance and water quantity *** have identified the dominant positive and negative drivers influencing each NCP across individual counties,finding that natural drivers predominantly overpowered anthropogenic ***,we discover significant spatial disparities in the tradeoff or synergy relationships between NCPs across the *** findings illustrate how the impacts of various drivers on NCPs and their interrelationships can be quantitatively evaluated,offering significant potential for application in various spatial *** an understanding of trade-offs and scale effects,these insights are expected to support and inform policymaking at both county and provincial levels.

关键词： Potential regulating contributions Natural and anthropogenic drivers Path analysis Trade-off or synergy relationship China

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20世纪后期气候加速变暖促进了北半球树木径向生长

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2023年第1期16卷 61-75页

作者： Jie Liu Zong-Shan Li Maierdang Keyimu Xiaochun Wang Haibin Liang Xiaoming Feng guangyao gao Bojie Fu State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China National Observation and Research Station of Earth Critical Zone on the Loess Plateau in Shaanxi Xi’an 710061China State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China Center for Ecological Research Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin 15040China Institute of Geographical Science Taiyuan Normal UniversityJinzhong 030619China

20世纪后期全球加速变暖导致北半球森林衰退事件频发,并增加了树木生长-气候关系的复杂性。然而,关于气候加速变暖前后北半球不同地区树木生长对气候因子响应的异质性研究仍较为缺乏。本研究利用北半球3大洲9个地区共计229条温度敏感型... 详细信息

20世纪后期全球加速变暖导致北半球森林衰退事件频发,并增加了树木生长-气候关系的复杂性。然而,关于气候加速变暖前后北半球不同地区树木生长对气候因子响应的异质性研究仍较为缺乏。本研究利用北半球3大洲9个地区共计229条温度敏感型树轮宽度年表分析了气候加速变暖前后不同地区树木生长趋势和气候响应的异质性表现。结果表明:(i)1977–2000年期间,气候加速变暖显著促进了北半球不同地区树木的径向生长,但在1950–2000年期间,不同地区的树木径向生长表现出异质性特征。(ii)1976年后,除北美中部和欧洲北部,北半球树木生长和温度的相关性均显著增加,亚洲地区最为明显。(iii)在1977–2000年期间,9个地区的树木年轮指数与温度均出现了短暂的分离(2–5年)。在1950–2000年期间,各地区树木生长能够更好地追踪到北半球平均温度的变化趋势而不是区域温度。

关键词：气候变暖北半球树轮树木生长-气候关系分离效应

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水源涵养功能概念的生态和水文视角辨析

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地理学报 2023年第1期78卷 139-148页

作者：高红凯刘俊国高光耀夏军华东师范大学地理科学学院上海200241 中国科学院青藏高原研究所青藏高原地球系统与资源环境全国重点实验室北京100101 华北水利水电大学河南省水圈与流域水安全重点实验室郑州450046 中国科学院生态环境研究中心城市与区域生态国家重点实验室北京100085 武汉大学水安全研究院武汉430000

水源涵养是评价陆地生态系统服务功能的重要指标,然而学界对水源涵养功能概念和计算方法仍存在诸多争论。这一方面说明水源涵养功能评估具有重要的现实意义,同时也说明其概念的复杂性和模糊性,亟需从生态学和水文学的基本理论出发,厘清... 详细信息

水源涵养是评价陆地生态系统服务功能的重要指标,然而学界对水源涵养功能概念和计算方法仍存在诸多争论。这一方面说明水源涵养功能评估具有重要的现实意义,同时也说明其概念的复杂性和模糊性,亟需从生态学和水文学的基本理论出发,厘清水源涵养功能概念的内涵和评估方法,促进科学决策和有效管理。研究水源涵养功能时,生态学家更关注陆地生态系统的蓄水能力(S_(max)),而水文学家更关注流域的产流量(Q),两者均具有合理性,但各有侧重,若不分别辨析,极易造成概念混淆。理论和数据分析表明,蓄水能力和产流量虽然联系紧密,但概念完全不同。陆地生态系统的S_(max)决定了流域对降水的分配:即蒸散发(绿水)和Q(蓝水),S_(max)和Q在降水量一定的情况下往往存在此消彼长的关系。研究发现生态系统的根区蓄水能力(S_(Rmax))是联系绿水和蓝水的核心要素,是水源涵养功能评估的关键变量。大尺度根区蓄水能力主要由气候决定,可借鉴工程水文中设计水库的累积曲线法,根据生态系统用水的生存策略通过气候反演。最后,本文提出3点建议:①在实践中分别评估生态系统的绿水和蓝水涵养功能;②进一步全面考虑冰川积雪、地下水等多要素的水源涵养功能;③协同耦合自然和人工水源涵养功能,提高水资源在生态和经济社会系统中的高效优化利用。

关键词：水源涵养功能生态水文根区蓄水能力水量平衡方程蓝水—绿水

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