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Entropy of three-dimensional BTZ black holes

中国科学：物理学、力学、天文学英文版 2004年第3期47卷 277-283页

作者： gao changjun1,2.& shen yougen1,{2.,4.1.shanghai astronomical observatory,chinese Academy of sciences,shanghai 2.0030,china(mailing address) 2.National astronomical Observatories,chinese Academy of sciences,Beijing 100012.china 3.Institute of Theoretical Physics,chinese academy of sciences,Beijing 100080,china 4.shanghai United Center for Astrophysics,shanghai 2.02.4,china 1. shanghai astronomical {2. Chinese Academy of Sciences 200030 Shanghai China 2. National astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences 100012 Beijing China 3. Institute of Theoretical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences 100080 Beijing China 4. shanghai United Center for Astrophysics 200234 Shanghai China

The entropies of scalar field and neutrino field are calculated in the background of three-dimensional BTZ black hole. Considering statistical physics,we propose not to consider the superraradiant modes for bosons (Fermion fields do not display supperradiance).In fact,the nonsuperradiant modes do contribute exactly the area entropy for both bosons and fermions. The result shows that the neutrino field entropy is 3/2.times the scalar one.

关键词： BTZ black holes, entropy, supperradiant modes.

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Current status of diagnosis and treatment of bladder cancer in china-Analyses of chinese Bladder Cancer Consortium database

引用

Asian Journal of Urology 2015年第2期2卷 63-69页

作者： Kaiwen Li Tianxin Lin 无 Wei Xue Xin Mu Enci Xu Xu Yang Fubao Chen Guangyong Li Lulin Ma Guoliang Wang Chaozhao Liang Haoqiang Shi Ming Li Mao Tang Xueyi Xue Yisong Lv Yaoliang Deng Chengyang Li Zhiwen Chen Xiaozhou Zhou Fengshuo Jin Xudong Liu Jinxin Wei Lei Shi Xin Gou Weiyang He Liqun Zhou Lin Cai Baiye Jin Guanghou Fu Xiangbo Kong Hongyan Sun Ye Tian Lang Feng Tiejun Pan Yiyi Wu Dongwen Wang Hailong Hao Benkang Shi Yaofeng Zhu Qiang Wei Ping Han Changli Wu Dawei Tian Zhangqun Ye Zheng Liu Zhiping Wang Junqiang Tian Lin Qi Minfeng Chen Wei Li Jinchun Qi Gongxian Wang Longlong Fu Zhaolin Sun Guangheng Luo Zhoujun shen Zhaowei Zhu Jinchun Xing Zhun Wu Dong Wei Xin Chen Yanqun Na Hongfeng Guo Chunxi Wang Zhihua Lu Chuize Kong Yang Liu Jin Yang Jianyun Hu Xin gao Jielin Li {2. Yin Pu Li Shan Chen Zhen Du Jiongming Li Yongji Yan Xu Zhang Shuang Huang Fangjian Zhou Zhiling Zhang Yinghao Sun Shuxiong Zeng Song Cen Jiaquan Zhou Hanzhong Li Jin Wen Jian Huang Department of Urology Sun Yat-sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouChina chinese Bladder Cancer Consortium Department of Urology Renji HospitalShanghai Jiaotong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina Department of Urology Fujian Medical University Union HospitalFuzhouChina Department of Urology General Hospital of Ningxia Medical UniversityYinchuanChina Department of Urology Peking University Third HospitalBeijingChina Department of Urology The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina Department of Urology The Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region People’s HospitalUygurChina Department of Urology The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhouChina Department of Urology The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningChina Department of Urology Southwest HospitalThird Military Medical UniversityChongqingChina Department of Urology Daping HospitalThird Military Medical UniversityChongqingChina Department of Urology The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina Department of Urology The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina Department of Urology Peking University First HospitalBeijingChina Department of Urology The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina Department of Urology China Japan Friendship Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunChina Department of Urology Beijing Friendship HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Department of Urology Wuhan General Hospital of Guangzhou MilitaryWuhanChina Department of Urology The First Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi UniversityTaiyuanChina Department of Urology Qilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinanChina Department of Urology West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina Department of Urology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina Department of Urology Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina

Objective:To investigate current status of diagnosis and treatment of bladder cancer in ***:A database was generated by chinese Bladder Cancer Consortium(CBCC).From January 2.07 to December 2.12.14,2.0 cases from 44 CBCC centers were *** of diagnosis,treatment and pathology were ***:The average age was 63.5 year-old and most patients were male(84.3%).The most common histologic types were urothelial carcinoma(91.4%),adenocarcinoma(1.8%),and squamous carcinoma(1.9%).According to 1973 and 2.04 WHO grading system,42.0%,41.0%,and 17.0% of patients were grade 1,2.and 3,and 16.0%,48.7%,and 35.3% of patients were papillary urothelial neoplasms of low malignant potential,low,and high grade,***-muscle invasive bladder cancer(NMIBC)and muscle invasive bladder cancer(MIBC)were 2..2. and 74.1%,respectively(0.8% not clear).Carcinoma in situ was only 2.4%.Most patients were diagnosed by white-light cystoscopy with biopsy(74.3%).Fluorescence and narrow band imaging cystoscopy had additional detection rate of 1.0% and 4.0%,*** transurethral resection(TUR)provided detection rate of 16.9%.Most NMIBCs were treated with TUR(89.2.).After initial TUR,2.6%accepted second TUR,and 45.7%,69.9%,and 58.7% accepted immediate,induced,and maintenance chemotherapy instillation,*** MIBCs were treated with radical cystectomy(RC,59.7%).Laparoscopic RCs were 35.1%,while open RC 63.4%.Extended and standard pelvic lymph node dissection were 7% and 66%,*** most common urinary diversions were orthotopic neobladder(44%),ileal conduit(31%),and ureterocutaneostomy(2.%).Only {2.% of patients accepted neo-adjuvant chemotherapy and only 18%of T3 and T4 patients accepted adjuvant ***:Disease characteristics are similar to international reports,while differences of diagnosis and treatment *** study can provide evidences for revisions of the guideline on bladder cancer in china.

关键词： Bladder cancer Diagnosis Treatment

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