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Local recurrence rate as quality indicator in surgery for pancreatic cancer?

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第5期23卷 548-550页

作者： carlo Alberto Pacilio Alessandro Cucchetti Giorgio Ercolani General and Oncologic Surgery Unit Morgagni-Pierantoni HospitalAUSL RomagnaVia Carlo Forlanini 3447121ForlìItaly Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences Alma Mater StudiorumUniversity of BolognaVia Massarenti 940138BolognaItaly

To the Editor: As we all know, even with the current advancements regarding novel chemotherapy regimens, patients affected by pancreatic cancer(PC) have an extremely dismal prognosis(5-year survival rate 12% for all stages in the National Cancer Institute SEER database). Among the patients undergoing surgical treatment, the prognosis is mostly affected by recurrence. PC after surgery has mainly four patterns of recurrence, isolated or variously associated with each other: local, lymph nodal, peritoneal or distant(liver, lung, other sites).

关键词： surgery prognosis cancer

Fully digital intensity modulated LIDAR

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2016年第4期12卷 290-296页

作者： Fabio POLLASTRONE Gian carlo CARDARILLI Roberto PIZZOFERRATO Marco RE Department FSN FUSTEC–IEE-ENEA Frascati Department of Electronics Engineering University of Rome "Tor Vergata" Department of Industrial Engineering University of Rome "Tor Vergata"

In several applications, such as collision avoidance, it is necessary to have a system able to rapidly detect the simultaneous presence of different obstacles. In general, these applications do not require high resolution performance, but it is necessary to assure high system reliability also within critical scenarios, as in the case of partially transparent atmosphere or environment in presence of multiple objects(implying multiple echoes having different delay times.) This paper describes the algorithm, the architecture and the implementation of a digital Light Detection and Ranging(LIDAR) system based on a chirped optical carrier. This technique provides some advantages compared to the pulsed approach, primarily the reduction of the peak power of the laser. In the proposed architecture all the algorithms for signal processing are implemented using digital hardware. In this way, some specific advantages are obtained: improved detection performance(larger dynamics, range and resolution), capability of detecting multiple obstacles having different echoes amplitude, reduction of the noise effects, reduction of the costs, size and weight of the resulting equipment. The improvement provided by this fully digital solution is potentially useful in different applications such as: collision avoidance systems, 3D mapping of environments and, in general, remote sensing systems which need wide distance and dynamics.

关键词： CW-IM LIDAR Chirp Laser Obstacle Avoidance

Soil organic matter content and chemical composition under two rotation management systems in a Mediterranean climate

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Pedosphere 2021年第6期31卷 903-911页

作者： carlo ANGELETTI Elga MONACI Beatrice GIANNETTA Serena POLVERIGIANI Costantino VISCHETTI Department of Clinical Sciences(DISCO) Section of BiochemistryPolytechnic University of MarcheVia Ranieri 67Ancona 60131(Italy) Department of Agricultural Food and Environmental Sciences(D3A)Polytechnic University of MarcheVia Brecce Bianche 10Ancona 60131(Italy)

The crop rotation system in organic farming is a determinant factor to accumulate and preserve soil organic matter(SOM),and in depth knowledge on its effects is still *** intensity in particular is crucial to maintain soil aggregates and protect SOM from *** evolution of SOM was tested in two adjacent fields under two different rotation cropping systems(low-intensity tillage and high-intensity tillage),and the effect of a further cultivation of legume in both fields was evaluated using ^(13)carbon(C)-nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)and elemental analysis of samples isolated through combined aggregate size and density *** two adjacent fields had been managed using the following organic farming methods for 13 seasons since 1998:i)alfalfa-based,with nitrogen(N)enrichment and low-frequency tillage with alfalfa(Medicago sativa)(9 seasons),winter wheat(Triticum durum)(3 seasons),and broad bean(Vicia faba)(1 season)and ii)cereal-based,with N depletion and annual tillage with barley(Hordeum vulgare)(7 seasons),sunflower(Helianthus annuus)(2 seasons),broad bean(Vicia faba)(3 seasons),and bare fallow(1 season).Soil sampling was carried out at the end of the 13-year rotation(T0,November 2011)and after winter wheat and chickpea cultivation in both fields over two subsequent years(T1,July 2013).Bulk organic C was significantly higher in the alfalfa-based system than in the cereal-based system at both T0 and T1,with SOM occluded in soil aggregates and associated with mineral *** terms of the macroaggregates heavy fraction at T0,the alfalfa-based field contained twice the organic C of that in the cereal-based field,as well as three times the organic C in the occluded particulate organic matter(POM).The occluded POM(oPOM)had a lower aryl/O-alkyl C ratio in the alfalfa-based system than in the cereal-based system,suggesting that oPOM undergoes a lower degree of decomposition during low-intensity *** aryl/O-alkyl C ratios of th

关键词： crop rotation organic carbon ^(13)C-NMR soil organic matter accumulation particulate organic matter organo-mineral association

Nest box selection and reproduction of European Rollers in Central Italy: a 7-year study

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Avian Research 2019年第2期10卷 126-137页

作者： Flavio Monti Luca Nelli carlo Catoni Giacomo Dell’Omo Ornis Italica Piazza Crati 1500199 RomeItaly Institute of Biodiversity Animal Health and Comparative Medicine University of GlasgowGlasgow G12 8QQUK Department of Physical Sciences Earth and EnvironmentUniversity of SienaStrada Laterina853100 SienaItaly

Background: Changes and increased mechanisation of agricultural practices have influenced the biodiversity composition of farmland habitats and caused a decline of bird communities in many European countries. The removal of shrubs and large trees rich in natural cavities, has also led to a drastic decrease in nest site availability for cavity-nesting bird species. Nest-boxes are a common conservation tool used to improve nest-site availability, and have helped to reverse declines in many endangered bird populations. Nonetheless to maximize the results of such interventions it is crucial to know where nest-boxes should be sited. The objective of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of the nest-box program for the European Roller (Coracias garrulus) population of Lazio region (Central Italy). More specifically, we focused on what landscape features were preferred (or avoided) in the process of nest box selection and how they influenced population’s breeding parameters. Particular attention was paid to identifying potential limitations and to provide management recommendations for future interventions. Methods: Using data from 70 nest boxes sited on power lines monitored over a 7-year period (representing 140 breeding attempts), we developed probability functions to evaluate if nest box location, in terms of distance from habitat resources and habitat composition and structure, had an effect on nest box occupancy and on the main reproductive parameters. Results: Nest boxes were more likely to be occupied if they were located near arable fields and in areas characterized by a higher amount of incoming solar radiation. Higher fledging success was associated with fallow fields and with a moderate/low habitat structural complexity. Higher breeding success was associated with solar radiation and with greater distance from urban areas. Conclusions: Our results highlight the importance of specific habitat variables in influencing nest occupancy, and show which driv

关键词： Breeding parameters Coracias garrulus Farmland birds Habitat selection Nest-boxes Power lines

Maize response to nitrogen and phosphorus starter fertilisation in mineral-fertilised or manured systems

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The Crop Journal 2023年第3期11卷 922-932页

作者： Michela Battisti Barbara Moretti Massimo Blandino carlo Grignani Laura Zavattaro Department of Agricultural Forest and Food SciencesUniversity of TurinLargo Braccini 2Grugliasco 10095TOItaly Department of Veterinary Sciences University of TurinLargo Braccini 2Grugliasco 10095TOItaly

Phosphorus(P)is an essential nutrient for maize production,but in temperate areas the P uptake during early growing stages can be limited due to low soil temperature,even though the soil was tested high in *** objective of this study was to assess the effects of nitrogen and phosphorous(NP)starter fertilisation during early growth stages and its carryover until maize harvest,in mineral-fertilised or manured systems.A field experiment was carried out in north-west Italy during the 2019 and 2020 growing *** trial compared sub-surface placement of NP(diammonium phosphate)or N alone(ammonium nitrate)in bands close to the maize seed furrows,in differing long-term(LT)fertilisation managements:two doses of urea(Min-L and Min-H),two doses of bovine slurry(Slu-L and Slu-H)or two doses of farmyard manure(Fym-L and Fym-H).The two rates,low(L)and high(H),corresponded to 170 and250 kg N ha^(-1)year^(-1) *** to N fertilisation,NP starter fertilisation improved early maize growth assessed by leaf area index(LAI)and shoot dry weight(SDW)in all *** effects differed between the two years(2019:LAI+63%,SDW+67%;2020:LAI+36%,SDW+38%),as 2019was cool during the first *** LAI and SDW values were confirmed at crop flowering in the mineral-fertilised systems *** shoot growth was enhanced by NP starter fertilisation,anthesis occurred 1 day earlier in all ***,a response to NP starter fertilisation at harvest was recorded in mineral-fertilised systems only(+1.3 and+3.2 t ha^(-1) in Min-L and Min-H,respectively).The uptake of P,used as a true indicator of soil nutrient availability,increased with increasing soil Olsen P until 39 mg kg^(-1).These results suggest that soil test thresholds should be revised for points above which P fertilisation should be suspended.

关键词： Long-term fertilisation Farmyard manure Bovine slurry Urea Diammonium phosphate

Particle focusing by 3D inertial microfluidics

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2017年第1期3卷 204-211页

作者： Petra Paiè Francesca Bragheri Dino Di carlo Roberto Osellame Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie(IFN)-CNR and Dipartimento di Fisica-Politecnico di Milano Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 3220133 MilanItaly Department of Bioengineering Department of Mechanical EngineeringCalifornia NanoSystems Instituteand Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer CenterUniversity of California-Los Angeles420 Westwood Plaza5121 Engineering VLos AngelesCA 90095USA

Three-dimensional(3D)particle focusing in microfluidics is a fundamental capability with a wide range of applications,such as on-chip flow cytometry,where high-throughput analysis at the single-cell level is ***,3D focusing is achieved mainly in devices with complex layouts,additional sheath fluids,and complex pumping *** this work,we present a compact microfluidic device capable of 3D particle focusing at high flow rates and with a small footprint,without the requirement of external fields or lateral sheath flows,but using only a single-inlet,single-outlet microfluidic sequence of straight channels and tightly curving vertical *** device exploits inertial fluidic effects that occur in a laminar regime at sufficiently high flow rates,manipulating the particle positions by the combination of inertial lift forces and Dean drag *** device is fabricated by femtosecond laser irradiation followed by chemical etching,which is a simple two-step process enabling the creation of 3D microfluidic networks in fused silica glass *** use of tightly curving three-dimensional microfluidic loops produces strong Dean drag forces along the whole loop but also induces an asymmetric Dean flow decay in the subsequent straight channel,thus producing rapid cross-sectional mixing flows that assist with 3D particle *** use of out-of-plane loops favors a compact parallelization of multiple focusing channels,allowing one to process large amounts of *** addition,the low fluidic resistance of the channel network is compatible with vacuum driven *** resulting device is quite interesting for high-throughput on-chip flow cytometry.

关键词： 3D fluidic network 3D particle focusing Dean flow inertial microfluidics

Tidal drag and westward drift of the lithosphere

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Geoscience Frontiers 2023年第6期14卷 102-116页

作者： Vincenzo Nesi Oscar Bruno Davide Zaccagnino Corrado Mascia carlo Doglioni Dipartimento di Matematica Guido Castelnuovo Piazzale Aldo Moro5Roma 00185Italy Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia Via di Vigna Murata605Roma 00143Italy Computing and Mathematical Sciences Department Caltech1200 E.California Blvd.MC 305-16Pasadena 91125CAUSA Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra Piazzale Aldo Moro5Roma 00185Italy

Tidal forces are generally neglected in the discussion about the mechanisms driving plate tectonics despite a worldwide geodynamic asymmetry also observed at subduction and rift *** tidal drag could theoretically explain the westerly shift of the lithosphere relative to the underlying ***,viscosity in the asthenosphere is apparently too high to allow mechanical decoupling produced by tidal ***,we propose a model for global scale geodynamics accompanied by numerical simulations of the tidal interaction of the Earth with the Moon and the *** provide for the first time a theoretical proof that the tidal drag can produce a westerly motion of the lithosphere,also compatible with the slowing of the Earth’s rotational *** results suggest a westerly rotation of the lithosphere with a lower bound ofω≈(0.1-0.2)°/Myr in the presence of a basal effective shear viscosityη≈10^(16)Pa-s,but it may rise toω>1°/Myr with a viscosity ofη≈≤3×10^(14)Pa-s within the Low-Velocity Zone(LVZ)atop the *** faster velocity would be more compatible with the mainstream of plate motion and the global asymmetry at plate *** on these computations,we suggest that the super-adiabatic asthenosphere,being vigorously convecting,may further reduce the viscous coupling within the LVZ Therefore,the combination of solid Earth tides,ultra-low viscosity LVZ and asthenospheric polarized small-scale convection may mechanically satisfy the large-scale decoupling of the lithosphere relative to the underlying *** plate motions are explained because of lateral viscosity heterogeneities at the base of the lithosphere,which determine variable lithosphere-asthenosphere decoupling and plate interactions,hence plate tectonics.

关键词： Tidal drag Plate motions Polarized plate tectonics Lithosphere-asthenosphere interaction

Visual dyslexia:towards an operational definition from a correlational study

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Annals of Eye Science 2020年第4期5卷 5-23页

作者： carlo Aleci Elena Belcastro Service of Neuro-Ophthalmology Department of OphthalmologyUniversity of TurinTurinItaly

Background:Aim of the study is to provide an operational definition of“visual dyslexia”referred to a particular subgroup of dyslexics characterized by x,y anisotropic perception of the visual space,or unstable ocular dominance,or abnormal binocular interaction,and who benefit from increased interletter *** working hypothesis of this investigation is that in dyslexic children who show the abovementioned alterations the correlation between reading rate and interletter spacing is a marker of visual involvement,and supports a causal role of these visual-perceptive alterations in their reading ***:Based on the results obtained by three psychophysical tests devised on purpose,a group of 193 school-age disabled readers with normal visual acuity and no significant co-morbidities has been classified into four different classes:non-visual-perceptive sample,anisotropic sample(AS),abnormal binocular interaction sample and unstable dominance sample(UDS).To test for the working hypothesis,the absence of the visual marker has been verified in the non-visual-perceptive sample,and its presence has then been investigated in the remaining ***:The non-visual-perceptive class was negative to the visual *** the other classes the average reading rate of words and non-words improved as a function of the distance between characters(AS:R2:0.51 and 0.43,P=0.01 and 0.02 respectively;abnormal binocular interaction sample:R2:0.47 and R2:0.57,P=0.02 and 0.007 respectively;unstable dominance:R2:0.43,P=0.02 at non-words).Yet,individual analysis revealed that the marker was present in no more than 23%of subjects with increased anisotropy,in 50%of unstable dominants,and in only 12%of patients with abnormal interocular ***:Even if on a population scale this line of investigation seems able to provide an operational definition of“visual dyslexia”,the individual detection of the“visual dyslexics”requires methodological improvement.

关键词： Dyslexia anisotropy crowding ocular dominance inhibition,reading rate

Ageing and reliability of electrical insulation: the risk of hybrid AC/DC grids

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High Voltage 2020年第5期5卷 620-627页

作者： Gian carlo Montanari Peter Morshuis Paolo Seri Riddhi Ghosh CAPS Florida State UniversityTallahasseeUSA School of Electrical Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anPeople's Republic of China University of Bologna BolognaItaly

With an impetuous growth of DC links and future grids that will be often hybrid,providing AC and DC supply to nearby or the same customer,an important element is often neglected,that is,electrical *** are no doubts that overhead lines will step back compared to insulated cables,for known reasons of environmental impact,right of way and reliability,especially in an urban or harsh *** the other hand,while AC insulation systems have been investigated and used for decades,there is no analogue experience for DC polymeric insulation,nor for insulation systems subjected to power electronics *** study aims at enhancing the attention on this topic,focusing on insulation ageing mechanisms and models of relevance for hybrid AC/DC assets and *** and life models for AC,DC and power electronics supply are discussed and compared to experimental data,focusing on partial discharge and space *** is shown how these two phenomena affect lifetime for different AC,DC and transient operating *** main drivers for insulation design and material selection are discussed,showing that insulation reliability can be achieved only if operating stresses,ageing mechanisms and life models are known and accounted for properly by insulation designers.

关键词： insulation electrical properly