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Effects of ENSO and Climate Change on Reference Evapotranspiration in Southern Vietnam

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2021年第5期35卷 868-881页

作者： van Viet LUONg Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City Ho Chi Minh City 71408Vietnam

This study aims to evaluate the effects of climate change and El Nino-Southern Oscillation(ENSO)on reference evapotranspiration(ET_(o))in the climate sub-regions of South Vietnam(SVN)and the role of the related meteorological *** trend analysis shows that ET_(o) has been increasing quite clearly,especially during the rainy *** examining the contribution of meteorological variables to the increase of ET_(o),it is indicated that temperature is the main *** the meteorological variables that are related to ET_(o),temperature is also the factor that has gained the most significant *** of variance reveals that there is no difference in the increase of ET_(o) among the climate sub-regions of *** effect of ENSO on ET_(o) is assessed based on the difference in the mean value of ET_(o) between the El Nino and La Nina *** results show that this difference is most obvious from October to May,and the main factor contributing to the increase is not temperature but sunshine *** difference in sunshine hours between the warm and cold phases in these months is around one hour per day,contributing about58%-86%to the ET_(o) *** analysis of variance shows that ENSO has different levels of influences on ET_(o) in the climate *** to the increase in ET_(o) due to climate change over the past 40 years,the ET_(o) difference between El Nino and La Nina phases is many times *** addition,since the effect of ENSO on ET_(o) is most obvious in the study area during the dry season,it is much *** order to mitigate the effect of ENSO on drought in this area,monitoring and forecasting meteorological variables that have the main contribution to the variation of ET_(o),including the number of sunshine hours,should be promoted.

关键词： climate change climate variability El Nino-Southern Oscillation(ENSO) reference evapotranspiration trend analysis sensitivity analysis

Small-Scale Mineralogical Heterogeneity from Variations in Phase Assemblages in the Transition Zone and D" Layer Predicted by Convection Modelling

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Journal of Earth Science 2011年第2期22卷 160-168页

作者： Arie P van den Berg David A Yuen Michael H g Jacobs Maarten V de Hoop Earth Sciences Department Utrecht University Department of geology and geophysics and Minnesota Supercomputing Institute University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN 55415USA Institut für Metallurgie TU ClausthalClausthal-ZellerfeldGermany Department of Mathematics and Center of Applied and Computational Mathematics Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteINUSA

Small-scale heterogeneity in the deep mantle is concentrated in the upper-mantle transition zone （TZ）, in the depth range 410-660 km and also at the bottom 250 km D＂ region. This encourages a more detailed investigation of the potential for seismic reflectivity imaging by modelling heterogeneous structures in mantle convection models including phase transitions of the TZ and D＂ regions. We applied finite elements with variable spacing near the boundary layers in 2-D cylindrical geometry that allow for sufficient spatial resolution. We investigated several models including an extended Boussinesq （EBA） model, focused on the D＂ region, and a compressible （ALA） model for the TZ region. The results for the D＂ region show typical lens-shaped structures of post-perovskite （PPV） embedded in the perovskite （PV） background mantle, where the thickness of the lenses, at 200-400 km, strongly depends on the Clapeyron slope of the PV-PPV transition. A second phase transition （double crossing） occurs in case the core temperature is higher than the intercept temperature Ti. Our phase-dependent rheology results in contrasting effective viscosity between PV and PPV. Our model results reveal a distinctly clear mechanical weakening of the PPV lenses with about an order of magnitude lower viscosity. The shear wave-speed distributions computed from our convection results are strongly correlated with the heterogeneous distribution of the mineral phase. gradients in the seismic wave-speed that are the target of seismological reflectivity imaging are clearly revealed. The wave-speed results show a clear resolution of the top and bottom interfaces of the PPV lenses. Our ALA model for the TZ is based on a thermodynamical model for the magnesium end- member of an olivine-pyroxene mantle. The model predicts a much more complex distribution of mineral phases, compared to our D＂ results, in agreement with the greater number of mineral phases involved in the olivine-pyroxene phase diagram for the P

关键词： mantle convection phase transition post-perovskite mineralogical heterogeneity.

Mapping and understanding degradation of alpine wetlands in the northern Maloti-Drakensberg, southern Africa

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第9期21卷 2956-2966页

作者： Johan van TOL Department of Soil Crop and Climate SciencesUniversity of the Free StateBloemfontein 9300South Africa

The alpine terrestrials of the Maloti-Drakensberg in southern Africa play crucial roles in ecosystem functions and livelihoods,yet they face escalating degradation from various factors including overgrazing and climate *** study employs advanced Digital Soil Mapping(DSM)techniques coupled with remote sensing to map and assess wetland coverage and degradation in the northern *** model achieved high accuracies of 96%and 92%for training and validation data,respectively,with Kappa statistics of 0.91 and 0.83,marking a pioneering automated attempt at wetland mapping in this *** attributes such as terrain wetness index(TWI)and valley depth(VD)exhibit significant positive correlations with wetland coverage and erosion gully density,Channel Network Depth and slope were negative *** density analysis revealed terrain attributes as dominant factors driving degradation,highlighting the need to consider catchment-specific susceptibility to *** challenge traditional assumptions which mainly attribute wetland degradation to external forces such as livestock overgrazing,ice rate activity and climate *** sensitivity map produced could serve as a basis for Integrated Catchment Management(ICM)projects,facilitating tailored conservation *** research should expand on this work to include other highland areas,explore additional covariates,and categorize wetlands based on hydroperiod and sensitivity to *** comprehensive study underscores the potential of DSM and remote sensing in accurately assessing and managing wetland ecosystems,crucial for sustainable resource management in alpine regions.

关键词： Digital Soil Mapping gully density Integrated catchment management Remote sensing Wetland degradation

The Nature-Culture Distinction in Disaster Studies:The Recent Petition for Reform as an Opportunity for New Thinking?

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2021年第2期12卷 240-249页

作者： gideon van Riet School for government Studies North-West UniversityPotchefstroom 2531Northwest ProvinceSouth Africa

This article constructively challenges the often cited distinction between the so-called hazard and vulnerability perspectives in disaster *** a context of increasingly intertwined,dense,and complex socioeco-logical dynamics,disaster scholars often hold onto an apparently untenable distinction between nature and culture,manifested as either a hazard or a vulnerability *** article maintains that the typically undesired approach(the hazard approach)is inherent to the preferred(vulnerability)*** article builds on Oliver-Smith’s(2013)critique of the magnitude of requirements placed upon practitioners given the full implications of the vulnerability *** critical of the vulnerability perspective,this article does not fundamentally disagree with the validity of its ***,by drawing on the pragmatist philosophy of Rorty(1989)and by demonstrating the potential value of posthumanism for disaster studies,I wish to argue for greater pragmatism within disaster *** article considers the recent petition or manifesto for disaster studies(gaillard et al.2019)for more inclusive disaster research as a potential opportunity to challenge the aforementioned nature-culture distinction in the field,as the petition signed by a number of disaster scholars outlines various concerns over the asymmetrical power relations between local and external *** power relations have adverse consequences for the appropriateness of knowledge production in many contexts.I am primarily ISI gideon van Riet ***@*** 1 School for government Studies,North-West University,Potchefstroom 2531,Northwest Province,South Africa concerned with the very local level of disaster occurrence,where posthumanism might be most valuable.

关键词： Disaster studies Nature-culture Posthumanism Pragmatist philosophy Vulnerability perspective

N-terminal truncated RHT-1 proteins generated by translational reinitiation cause semi-dwarfing of wheat green Revolution alleles

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Molecular Plant 2021年第4期14卷 679-687页

作者： Karel van De Velde Stephen gThomas Floor Heyse Rim Kaspar Dominique van Der Straeten Antje Rohde BASF Belgium Coordination Center-Innovation Center gent Technologiepark 101.9052 GhentBelgium Rothamsted Research HarpendenHertfordshire AL52JQUK Laboratory of Functional Plant Biology Department of BiologyGhent UniversitK.L.Ledeganckstrat 359000 GhentBelgium

The unprecedented wheat yield increases during the green Revolution were achieved through the introduc-tion of the Reduced height(Rht)-B1b and Rht-D1b semi-dwarfing *** Rht-1 alleles encode growth-repressing DELLA genes containing a stop codon within their open reading frame that confers gibberellin(gA)-insensitive *** this study,we successfully took the hurdle of detecting wild-type RHT-1 proteins in different wheat organs and confirmed their degradation in response to *** further demonstrated that Rht-B1b and Rht-D1b produce N-terminal truncated proteins through trans-lational *** of these N-terminal truncated proteins in transgenic lines and in Rht-D1c,an allele containing multiple Rht-D1b copies,demonstrated their ability to cause strong dwarfism,resulting from their insensitivity to gA-mediated degradation.N-terminal truncated proteins were detected in spikes and nodes,but not in the aleurone *** Rht-B 1b and Rht-D1b alleles cause dwarfism but have wild-type dormancy,this finding suggests that tissue-specific differences in translational reinitiation may explain why the Rht-1 alleles reduce plant height without affecting *** together,our findings not only reveal the molecular mechanism underlying the green Revolution but also demonstrate that trans-lational reinitiation in the main open reading frame occurs in plants.

关键词： gibberellin(gA)signaling DELLA Rht-1 dwarfing ales green Revolution wheat translational reinitiation

Dietary enrichment of edible insects with omega 3 fatty acids

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Insect Science 2020年第3期27卷 500-509页

作者： Dennis g.A.B.Oonincx Sophie Laurent Margot E.Veenenbos Joop J.A.van Loon Department of Animal Sciences Animal Nutrition GroupWageningen UniversityWageningenthe Netherlands Laboratory of Entomology Department of Plant SciencesWageningen UniversityWageningenthe Netherlands Sophie Laurent ON IRISFood Process EngineeringUMR CNRS 6144 GEPEANantes Cedex 3France

Edible insects are advocated as sustainable and healthy food and ***,commercially produced insects are often low in n‐3 fatty acids and have suboptimal n‐6/n‐3 ratios.A certain amount and proportion of these FAs is required to optimize human *** oil consists primarily(57%)out of alpha‐linolenic *** experiment was conducted to quantify the effect of flaxseed oil provision on fatty acid composition and to determine the quantity needed to attain a beneficial n‐6/n‐3 *** species were used in the experiment:house crickets(Acheta domesticus[L.]),lesser mealworms(Alphitobius diaperinus[Pfanzer])and black soldier flies(Hermetia illucens[L.]).These were provided with either a control diet or a diet enriched with 1%,2%,or 4%flaxseed oil during their larval/nymphal *** acid profiles of diets and insects were determined via gC‐*** three species had distinct fatty acid profiles on all four diets,but responded similarly to flaxseed oil *** each percent added to the diet,the alpha‐linolenic acid content of the insects increased by 2.3%–2.7%.Four percent addition increased the n‐3 fatty acid content 10–20 fold in the three species and thereby strongly decreased n‐6/n‐3 ratios from 18–36 to 0.8–2.4.A ratio below 5 is considered optimal for human health and was achieved by 2%flaxseed oil inclusion for house crickets and lesser mealworms,and at 1%inclusion for black soldier *** a source of n‐3 fatty acids to insect diets can thus improve the nutritional quality of insects.

关键词： Acheta domesticus Alphitobius diaperinus diet fatty acids Hermetia illucens

Nonlocal isogeometric analysis for bidirectional functionally graded porous curved microbeams with arbitrary boundary conditions

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2024年第8期40卷 194-218页

作者： Thu-Huong Nguyen Thi van Ke Tran van-Minh Phung.van Hai Trinh Quoc Hoa Pham Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Hanoi University of IndustryHanoi100000Vietnam Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Le Quy Don Technical UniversityHanoi100000Vietnam Institute of Vehicle and Energy Engineering Le Quy Don Technical UniversityHanoi100000Vietnam Faculty of Engineering and Technology Nguyen Tat Thanh UniversityHo Chi Minh City700000Vietnam

This research aims to analyze the static bending and free vibration behaviors of bidirectional functionally graded porous(BFgP)curved microbeams with elastic boundary conditions resting on a Pasternak’s elastic foundation in a hygro-thermal *** analysis based on non-uniform rational B-splines,first-order shear deformation theory,nonlocal elasticity theory combined with the modified strain gradient theories,modified Timoshenko beam theory are formulated to depict bending and shear deformations of BFgP curved ***,because using the modified Timoshenko beam theory,this study removes the requirement for a shear correction factor and describes shear stress by zero at the upper and lower cross-sectional sites of the BFgP curved *** from traditional boundary conditions,where the beginning and end positions of a curved beam are connected by an elastic system of straight and torsion *** allows for greater flexibility in controlling the stiffness of the springs to obtain arbitrary *** assess the accuracy and convergence of the proposed approach,validation numerical examples were conducted in the various examples.

关键词： Bidirectional functionally graded porous material Elastic boundary condition Isogeometric analysis Curved microbeams Nonlocal elasticity theory Modified strain gradient theory

Which psychosocial factors are associated with return to sport following concussion? A systematic review

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2022年第4期11卷 438-449页

作者： Jacqueline van Ierssel Kaleigh Ferdinand Pennock Margaret Sampson Roger Zemek Jeffrey g.Caron Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute OttawaON K1H 8L1Canada Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education University of TorontoTorontoON M5S 2W6Canada Department of Pediatrics Faculty of MedicineUniversity of OttawaOttawaON K1H 8M5Canada Faculty of Medicine University of MontrealMontrealQC H3T 1J4Canada Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation MontrealQC H3S 1M9Canada

Background:Psycho social factors predict recurrent inj ury and return to preinjury level of performance following orthopedic injury but are poorly understood following *** management protocols prioritize physical measures of ***,the objective of this study was to describe the psychosocial factors associated with return to sport(RTS) and how they are measured in athletes who sustained a ***:MEDLINE,Embase,APA PsycINFO,CINAHL,and SPORTDiscus were searched through February 2,*** studies included original peer-reviewed publications describing psychosocial factors associated with RTS following a diagnosed *** primary outcome was scales or measures employed and/or key thematic ***:Of the 3615 studies identified,10 quantitative cohort studies(Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine Level-3) representing 2032 athletes(85% male;high-school and collegiate collision/contact athletes) and 4 qualitative studies representing 66 athletes(74% male;70% American football;aged 9-28 years) were *** identified 3 overarching themes and 10 outcome measures related to psychosocial factors associated with RTS following concussion:(a) fear(e.g,of recurrent concussion,of RTS,of losing playing status);(b) emotional factors(e.g,depression,anxiety,perceived stress,mental health,disturbance mood);and(c) contextual factors(e.g,social support,pressure,sense of identity).Conclusion:Although current medical clearance decisions prioritize physical measures of recovery,evidence suggests diverse psychosocial factors influence RTS following *** remains unclear which psychosocial factors contribute to a successful RTS,including the influence of sex/gender and *** studies should evaluate the association of psychological readiness with physical measures of recovery at medical clearance,preinjury level of performance,and risk of recurrent concussion to support RTS clinical decision-making.

关键词： Concussion Recovery Rehabilitation Sport psychology Sporting injuries

肠肌层神经丛炎预测克罗恩病术后早期复发的价值

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（胃肠病学分册） 2006年第10期2卷 32-33页

作者： Ferrante M. de Hertogh g. Hlavaty T. g.van Assche 尹勇 Department of gastroenterology University Hospital GasthuisbergLeuvenBelgium

Background &Aims: Early ileocolonoscopy allows detection of recurrence after surgically induced remission of Crohn’s disease (CD). Unequivocal histologic markers predicting recurrence have not been identified. We assessed the predictive value of neural lesions for early endoscopic CD recurrence and long-term reintervention risk. Methods: Ileocolonic resection specimens from 59 patients with CD and 21 control patients were histologically scored for typical inflammatory bowel disease lesions, neural hypertrophy, and presence and severity of inflamed ganglia and nerve bundles. Endoscopic recurrence was determined at 3 months in all patients and at 1 year in 32 patients as part of 2 prospective clinical trials. Results: Myenteric plexitis of the proximal resection margin was present in 32 patients with CD (54%) in absence of surrounding inflammation. Patients with this feature had a higher endoscopic recurrence (Rutgeerts score≥2) at 3 months (75%vs 41%; odds ratio, 4.36; 95%confidence interval, 1.44-13.23; P = .008) and at 1 year (93%vs 59%; odds ratio, 9.80; 95%confidence interval, 1.04-92.70; P = .041) and had a trend toward an earlier reintervention (mean, 7.00 vs 5.30 years; P = .174). The severity of myenteric plexitis in the proximal resection margin correlated with the severity of endoscopic recurrence at 3 months (r = 0.334, P = .010) and 1 year (r = 0.560, P = .001). Myenteric plexitis was the only consistent predictor of endoscopic recurrence. Conclusions: The presence of myenteric plexitis in proximal margins of ileocolonic resection specimens is predictive of early endoscopic CD recurrence.

关键词：克罗恩病早期复发肌层神经丛结肠切除炎症性肠病预测术前瞻性临床试验神经纤维束结肠镜检