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Recent trends in the epidemiology and clinical outcomes of inflammatory bowel disease in south Korea,2010-2018

World Journal of gastroenterology 2024年第9期30卷 1154-1163页

作者： seulji Kim Hyun Jung lee seung Woo lee sanghyun Park seong-Joon Koh Jong Pil Im Byeong gwan Kim Kyung-Do Han Joo sung Kim Department of Internal Medicine Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical SciencesSeoul 01812South Korea Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoul 03080South Korea Department of statistics and Actuarial science Soongsil UniversitySeoul 06978South Korea

BACKgROUND Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)was previously regarded as a Western disease;however,its incidence is increasing in the *** epidemiology of IBD in Asia differs significantly from the patterns in the *** To comprehensively investigate the epidemiology of IBD in south Korea,inclu-ding its incidence,prevalence,medication trends,and *** We analyzed claims data from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment service and Rare and Intractable Diseases(RIDs),operated by the National Health Insurance service of south *** with IBD were identified based on the International Classification of Diseases,Tenth Revision,and RID diagnostic codes for Crohn’s disease(CD)and ulcerative colitis(UC)from 2010 to *** In total,14498 and 31409 patients were newly diagnosed with CD and UC,respectively,between 2010 and *** annual average incidence of CD was 3.11 cases per 105 person-years,and that of UC was 6.74 cases per 10^(5) *** 2014,the incidence rate of CD has been stable,while that of UC has steadily increased,shifting the peak age group from 50-year-olds in 2010 to 20-year-olds in *** CD and UC prevalence increased consistently over the study period;the use of 5-aminosali-cylates and corticosteroids gradually decreased,while that of immunomodulators and biologics steadily increased in both CD and *** clinical outcomes of IBD,such as hospitalization and surgery,decreased during the study *** The CD incidence has been stable since 2014,but that of UC has increased with a shift to a younger age at peak incidence between 2010 and *** clinical outcomes improved over time,with increased use of immunomodu-lators and biologics.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Crohn’s disease Ulcerative colitis Incidence Prevalence

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Ren-integrable and ren-symmetric integrable systems

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第3期76卷 62-69页

作者： s Y Lou school of Physical science and Technology Ningbo UniversityNingbo315211China

A new type of symmetry,ren-symmetry,describing anyon physics and corresponding topological physics,is ***-symmetry is a generalization of super-symmetry which is widely applied in super-symmetric physics such as super-symmetric quantum mechanics,super-symmetric gravity,super-symmetric string theory,super-symmetric integrable systems and so *** and grassmann numbers are,in some sense,dual conceptions,and it turns out that these conceptions coincide for the ren situation,that is,a similar conception of ren-number(R-number)is devised for *** particular,some basic results of the R-number and ren-symmetry are exposed which allow one to derive,in principle,some new types of integrable systems including ren-integrable models and ren-symmetric integrable *** examples of ren-integrable KdV-type systems and ren-symmetric KdV equations are explicitly given.

关键词： symmetries integrable systems anyon physics extended supersymmetry ren-symmetry

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search for production of dark fermion candidates in association with heavy neutral gauge boson decaying to dimuon in proton-proton collisions at√s=8 TeV using CMs open data

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第4期48卷 6-13页

作者： Y.Mahmoud H.Abdallah M.T.Hussein s.Elgammal Centre for theoretical physics The British University in EgyptEgypt Physics Department Faculty of ScienceCairo UniversityEgypt

In this study,we conducted a search for dark matter using a part of the data recorded by the CMs experiment during run-I of the LHC in 2012 with a center of mass energy of 8 TeV and an integrated luminosity of 11.6 fb−*** data were gathered from the CMs open *** matter,in the framework of the simplified model(mono-Z′),can be produced from proton-proton collisions in association with a new hypothetical gauge boson,Z′.Thus,the search was conducted in the dimuon plus large missing transverse momentum *** benchmark scenario of mono-Z′,which is known as light vector,was used for interpreting the CMs open *** evidence of dark matter was observed,and exclusion limits were set on the masses of dark matter and Z′at 95%confidence level.

关键词： dark matter large hadron collider CMs open data search for new physics dark fermion

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AutoRhythmAI: A Hybrid Machine and Deep Learning Approach for Automated Diagnosis of Arrhythmias

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第2期78卷 2137-2158页

作者： s.Jayanthi s.Prasanna Devi Department of Computer science and Engineering SRM Institute of Science and Technology-Vadapalani CampusChennaiTamil NaduIndia

In healthcare,the persistent challenge of arrhythmias,a leading cause of global mortality,has sparked extensive research into the automation of detection using machine learning(ML)***,traditional ML and AutoML approaches have revealed their limitations,notably regarding feature generalization and automation *** glaring research gap has motivated the development of AutoRhythmAI,an innovative solution that integrates both machine and deep learning to revolutionize the diagnosis of *** approach encompasses two distinct pipelines tailored for binary-class and multi-class arrhythmia detection,effectively bridging the gap between data preprocessing and model *** validate our system,we have rigorously tested AutoRhythmAI using a multimodal dataset,surpassing the accuracy achieved using a single dataset and underscoring the robustness of our *** the first pipeline,we employ signal filtering and ML algorithms for preprocessing,followed by data balancing and split for *** second pipeline is dedicated to feature extraction and classification,utilizing deep learning ***,we introduce the‘RRI-convoluted trans-former model’as a novel addition for binary-class *** ensemble-based approach then amalgamates all models,considering their respective weights,resulting in an optimal model *** our study,the VggRes Model achieved impressive results in multi-class arrhythmia detection,with an accuracy of 97.39%and firm performance in precision(82.13%),recall(31.91%),and F1-score(82.61%).In the binary-class task,the proposed model achieved an outstanding accuracy of 96.60%.These results highlight the effectiveness of our approach in improving arrhythmia detection,with notably high accuracy and well-balanced performance metrics.

关键词： Automated machine learning neural networks deep learning arrhythmias

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Interpreting siliciclastic sedimentation in the upper Paleozoic Mulargia-Escalaplano Basin(sardinia, Italy):influence of tectonics on provenance

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2024年第1期13卷 18-34页

作者： Luca g.Costamagna sara Criniti Dipartimento di scienze Chimiche e geologiche Citadella UniversitariaBlocco A09042 Monserrato CAItaly Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Ambiente Universita della Calabria87036 Arcavacata di Rende CSItaly

Late to post-Variscan molassic basins of Late Pennsylvanian-Permian age are exposed in sardinia(Italy). Here, the compositional and stratigraphic evolution of the Mulargia-Escalaplano sedimentary basin(central sardinia) has been investigated to highlight how the tectono-magmatic processes have influenced the sedimentation. Ruditic and arenitic samples were collected along well-characterized stratigraphic sections to provide a new insight into the impact of the tectono-magmatic processes on siliciclastic sedimentation. As a result, the conglomerates are mainly clast-supported, petromictic, and thus immature, with no defined maturity trend upwards. Nevertheless, pebble composition changes in times from Variscan basement pebble-rich to volcanic rock-rich, as a consequence of the basin widening and the dismantling and reworking of the coeval volcanic activity. The sandstone composition clearly changes from quartzolithic to feldspatholithic upwards, as a response to the same change of feeding and reworking of the volcanic rocks. Occasionally, interbedded quartzolithic arenites suggest exceptional floods carrying debris from the far borders of the basin. Also, the immature sandstone composition has been interpreted as being controlled by a continuous supply of fresh debris and to a rapid burial rate. In addition, the disappearance of metaradiolarite(lydite AA) Paleozoic grains in the sandstone mineral suite could represent a distinctive marker of a progressive unroofing of the Variscan chain and a clastic supply from deeper tectonic units.

关键词： Petrography stratigraphy Provenance Molassic basins sardinia

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Machine learning-enhanced Monte Carlo and subset simulations for advanced risk assessment in transportation infrastructure

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Journal of Mountain science 2024年第2期21卷 690-717页

作者： Furquan AHMAD Pijush sAMUI s.s.MIsHRA Department of Civil Engineering National Institute of TechnologyPatna 800006India

The maintenance of safety and dependability in rail and road embankments is of utmost importance in order to facilitate the smooth operation of transportation *** study introduces a comprehensive methodology for soil slope stability evaluation,employing Monte Carlo simulation(MCs)and subset simulation(ss)with the"UPss 3.0 Add-in"in *** on an 11.693-meter embankment with a soil slope(inclination ratio of 2H:1V),the investigation considers earthquake coefficients(kh)and pore water pressure ratios(ru)following Indian zoning *** chance of slope failure showed a considerable increase as the Coefficient of Variation(COV),seismic coefficients(kh),and pore water pressure ratios(ru)experienced an *** ss approach showed exceptional efficacy in calculating odds of failure that are notably *** computational modeling,the study optimized the worst-case scenario using ANFIs-gA,ANFIs-gWO,ANFIs-PsO,and ANFIs-BBO *** ANFIs-PsO model exhibits exceptional accuracy(training R2=0.9011,RMsE=0.0549;testing R2=0.8968,RMsE=0.0615),emerging as the most *** study highlights the significance of conducting thorough risk assessments and offers practical insights into evaluating and improving the stability of soil slopes in transportation *** findings contribute to the enhancement of safety and reliability in real-world situations.

关键词： Monte Carlo simulation subset simulation Machine Learning seismic coefficient

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Endotoxin-induced alterations of adipose tissue function:a pathway to bovine metabolic stress

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Journal of Animal science and Biotechnology 2024年第4期15卷 1391-1407页

作者： Miguel Chirivi g.Andres Contreras Department of Large Animal Clinical sciences Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMIUSA

During the periparturient period, dairy cows exhibit negative energy balance due to limited appetite and increased energy requirements for lactogenesis. The delicate equilibrium between energy availability and expenditure puts cows in a state of metabolic stress characterized by excessive lipolysis in white adipose tissues(AT), increased production of reactive oxygen species, and immune cell dysfunction. Metabolic stress, especially in AT, increases the risk for metabolic and inflammatory diseases. Around parturition, cows are also susceptible to endotoxemia. Bacterial-derived toxins cause endotoxemia by promoting inflammatory processes and immune cell infiltration in different organs and systems while impacting metabolic function by altering lipolysis, mitochondrial activity, and insulin sensitivity. In dairy cows, endotoxins enter the bloodstream after overcoming the defense mechanisms of the epithelial barriers, particularly during common periparturient conditions such as mastitis, metritis, and pneumonia, or after abrupt changes in the gut microbiome. In the bovine AT, endotoxins induce a pro-inflammatory response and stimulate lipolysis in AT, leading to the release of free fatty acids into the bloodstream. When excessive and protracted, endotoxin-induced lipolysis can impair adipocyte's insulin signaling pathways and lipid synthesis. Endotoxin exposure can also induce oxidative stress in AT through the production of reactive oxygen species by inflammatory cells and other cellular components. This review provides insights into endotoxins' impact on AT function, highlighting the gaps in our knowledge of the mechanisms underlying AT dysfunction, its connection with periparturient cows' disease risk, and the need to develop effective interventions to prevent and treat endotoxemia-related inflammatory conditions in dairy cattle.

关键词： Adipose tissue dysfunction Endotoxin Inflammation Insulin resistance

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surgical Repair of Ventricular septal Defect in Neonates: Indications and Outcomes

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Congenital Heart Disease 2024年第1期19卷 69-83页

作者： Jae Hong lee sungkyu Cho Jae gun Kwak Hye Won Kwon Woong-Han Kim Mi Kyoung song sang-Yun lee gi Beom Kim Eun Jung Bae Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular surgery Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and TechnologyPusan National University Yangsan HospitalYangsanKorea Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular surgery Seoul National University Children’s HospitalSeoulKorea Department of Pediatrics Seoul National University Children’s HospitalSeoulKorea

Background:The optimal surgical timing and clinical outcomes of ventricular septal defect(VsD)closure in neo-nates remain *** aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes of VsD closure in neonates(age≤30 days).Methods:We retrospectively reviewed 50 consecutive neonates who underwent VsD closure for isolated VsDs between August 2003 and June *** for the procedure included congestive heart failure/failure to thrive and pulmonary *** adverse events(MAEs)were deﬁned as the composite of all-cause mortality,reoperation,persistent atrioventricular block,and signiﬁcant(≥grade 2)valvular ***:The median age and body weight at operation were 26.0 days(interquartile range[IQR],18.8–28.3)and 3.7 kg(IQR,3.3–4.2),*** median follow-up duration was 110.4 months(IQR,56.8–165.0).seven patients required preoperative respiratory support,andﬁve had signiﬁcant(≥grade 2)preoperative valvular *** early mortality occurred due to irreversible cardiogenic shock;no late mortality was *** reopera-tion was due to hemodynamically signiﬁcant residual VsD at 103.8 months *** overall survival,freedom from reoperation,and freedom from MAE at 15-years were 98.0%,96.3%,and 94.4%,***-operative mechanical ventilation was associated with a longer duration of postoperative mechanical ventilation(pger length of intensive care unit stay(psions:VsD closure with favorable outcomes without morbidities is feasible even in ***,neonates requiring preoperative respiratory support may require careful postoperative management considering the long-term postoperative ***,surgical VsD closure might be indicated earlier in neonates with respiratory compromise.

关键词： Ventricular septal defect neonate early surgery neonatal surgery

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Transforming layered 2D mats into multiphasic 3D nanofiber scaffolds with tailored gradient features for tissue regeneration

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BMEMat(BioMedical Engineering Materials) 2024年第1期2卷 160-179页

作者： s.M.shatil shahriar Navatha shree Polavoram syed Muntazir Andrabi Yajuan su Donghee lee Huy Quang Tran samantha J.schindler Jingwei Xie Department of surgery-Transplant and Mary&Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program College of MedicineUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNebraskaUSA Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases College of MedicineUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNebraskaUSA Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering University of Nebraska LincolnLincolnNebraskaUSA

Multiphasic scaffolds with tailored gradient features hold significant promise for tissue regeneration applications. Herein, this work reports the transformation of two-dimensional (2D) layered fiber mats into three-dimensional (3D) multiphasic scaffolds using a ‘solids-of-revolution’ inspired gas-foaming expansion technology. These scaffolds feature precise control over fiber alignment, pore size, and regional structure. Manipulating nanofiber mat layers and Pluronic F127 concentrations allows further customization of pore size and fiber alignment within different scaffold regions. The cellular response to multiphasic scaffolds demonstrates that the number of cells migrated and proliferated onto the scaffolds is mainly dependent on the pore size rather than fiber alignment. In vivo subcutaneous implantation of multiphasic scaffolds to rats reveals substantial cell infiltration, neo tissue formation, collagen deposition, and new vessel formation within scaffolds, greatly surpassing the capabilities of traditional nanofiber mats. Histological examination indicates the importance of optimizing pore size and fiber alignment for the promotion of cell infiltration and tissue regeneration. Overall, these scaffolds have potential applications in tissue modeling, studying tissue-tissue interactions, interface tissue engineering, and highthroughput screening for optimized tissue regeneration.

关键词： expansion gradients multiphasic scaffolds nanofiber mats tissue regeneration

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低温快速制备基于溶液工艺的高性能氧化铟薄膜及晶体管

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物理学报 2024年第9期73卷 236-243页

作者：张雪 Kim Bokyung lee Hyeonju Park Jaehoon 山东科技大学海洋科学与工程学院青岛266590 翰林大学春川24252

利用脉冲紫外线辅助热退火在200℃的低温条件下,5 min内制备了基于溶液工艺的氧化铟薄膜及薄膜晶体管.对比传统热退火,研究了脉冲紫外线辅助热退火对氧化铟薄膜的表面形态、化学结构和电学特性的影响.实验结果表明,脉冲紫外线辅助热退... 详细信息

利用脉冲紫外线辅助热退火在200℃的低温条件下,5 min内制备了基于溶液工艺的氧化铟薄膜及薄膜晶体管.对比传统热退火,研究了脉冲紫外线辅助热退火对氧化铟薄膜的表面形态、化学结构和电学特性的影响.实验结果表明,脉冲紫外线辅助热退火方式能够在短时间内实现改善氧化铟薄膜的质量及薄膜晶体管的性能.原子力显微镜和场发射扫描电子显微镜结果显示该薄膜表面较传统热退火制备薄膜表面更为致密平坦.X射线光电能谱测试表明,脉冲紫外线辅助热退火处理后会产生氧空位,从而提高载流子浓度,改善了氧化铟薄膜的导电性.此外,对比研究了紫外线辅助热退火对氧化铟薄膜晶体管电气性能的影响.结果表明器件的电学特性得到了明显改善,亚阈值摆幅降低至0.12 mV/dec,阈值电压为7.4 V,电流开关比高达1.29×107,场效应迁移率提升至1.27 cm^(2)/(V·s).因此,脉冲紫外线辅助热退火是一种简单、快速的退火方式,即使在低温条件下也能快速提高氧化铟薄膜和薄膜晶体管的性能.

关键词：脉冲紫外线辅助热退火氧化铟溶液法薄膜晶体管

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