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Heterogeneity of mature oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system

Neural regeneration research 2025年第5期20卷 1336-1349页

作者： Chao Weng Adam m.r.groh moein Yaqubi Qiao-Ling Cui Jo Anne Stratton g.r.wayne m.or. Jack P.Antel Neuroimmunology Unit Montreal Neurological Institute-HospitalDepartment of Neurology and NeurosurgeryMcGill UniversityMontrealQCCanada Department of Neurology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubei ProvinceChina

mature oligodendrocytes form myelin sheaths that are crucial for the insulation of axons and efficient signal transmission in the central nervous *** evidence has challenged the classical view of the functionally static mature oligodendrocyte and revealed a gamut of dynamic functions such as the ability to modulate neuronal circuitry and provide metabolic support to *** the recognition of potential heterogeneity in mature oligodendrocyte function,a comprehensive summary of mature oligodendrocyte diversity is *** delve into early 20th-century studies by robertson and río-Hortega that laid the foundation for the modern identification of regional and morphological heterogeneity in mature ***,recent morphologic and functional studies call into question the long-assumed homogeneity of mature oligodendrocyte function through the identification of distinct subtypes with varying myelination ***,modern molecular investigations,employing techniques such as single cell/nucleus rNA sequencing,consistently unveil at least six mature oligodendrocyte subpopulations in the human central nervous system that are highly transcriptomically diverse and vary with central nervous system *** and disease related mature oligodendrocyte variation denotes the impact of pathological conditions such as multiple sclerosis,Alzheimer's disease,and psychiatric ***,caution is warranted when subclassifying mature oligodendrocytes because of the simplification needed to make conclusions about cell identity from tem.or.lly confined *** studies leveraging advanced techniques like spatial transcriptomics and single-cell proteomics promise a more nuanced understanding of mature oligodendrocyte *** research avenues that precisely evaluate mature oligodendrocyte heterogeneity with care to understand the mitigating influence of species,sex,central nervous system region,age,and disease,

关键词： aging central nervous system diseases electron microscopy heterogeneity immunohistochemistry myelin sheath natural history neuroglia oligodendroglia single-cell gene expression analysis

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Impact of Zika virus non-structural protein mutations on hippocampal damage

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Neural regeneration research 2025年第8期20卷 2307-2308页

作者： Larissa m.g.Cassiano roney S.Coimbra Neurogenômica/Imunopatologia Instituto RenéRachouFiocruzBelo HorizonteBrazil Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia Instituto de Ciências BiológicasUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteBrazil

The Zika virus(ZIKV),a member of the Flaviviridae family,attracted worldwide attention for its connection to severe neurological effects,notably microcephaly in newborns,first reported during the 2015 epidemic in ***,its impact goes beyond fetal and neonatal abnormalities,also affecting the central nervous system(CNS)in both children and adults,leading to enduring cognitive and behavioral impairments.

关键词： damage fetal neonatal

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A hierarchical path-segmentation movement ecology framework

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Ecological Processes 2022年第1期11卷 787-801页

作者： wayne m.getz Department of Environmental Sciences University of CaliforniaBerkeley 94708CAUSA School of mathematical Sciences University of KwaZulu-NatalDurbanSouth Africa

This paper lays out a hierarchical,appropriate-complexity framework for conceptualizing movement-path segments at different spatiotem.or.l scales in a way that facilitates comparative analyses and bridges behavior and mathematical *** then outlines a process for generating a multimode,multiscale stochastic simulation model that can be used to test animal movement hypotheses and make predictions of movement responses to management and global *** methods for analyzing movement data begin by generating step-length(SL)and turning-angle(TA)distributions from relocation time-series data,some of which are linked to ecological,landscape,and environmental *** frequency at which these data are collected may vary from sub-seconds to several *** kinds of questions that may be asked of these data,however,are very much scale *** hierarchical path-segmentation(HPS)framework presented here clarifies how the scale at which SL and TA data are collected relates to other sub-and super-diel *** arise because the information contained in SL and TA time series are often not directly relatable to the physiological,ecological,and sociological factors that drive the structure of movement paths at longer *** difficulties are overcome by anchoring the classification of movement types around the concept of fixed-period(24 h)diel activity routines and providing a bridge between behavioral/ecological and stochastic-walk concepts(means,variances,correlations,individual-state and local environmental covariates).This bridge is achieved through the generation of relatively short segments conceived as characteristic sequences of fundamental movement *** short segments are then used to characterize longer canonical-activity-mode segments that emerge through movement at behaviorally relevant sub-diel *** thus provides a novel system for integrating sub-minute movement sequences into canonical activity modes(CAms)that,i

关键词： Hierarchical path segmentation(HPS) Fundamental movement elements(FumEs) Canonical activity modes(CAms) Diel activity routines(DArs) Life-history movement phases(LimPS) multi-CAm metaFumE markov(m-cubed)models Biased correlated random walk models

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getting physical with medical education:Exercise based virtual anatomy review classes for medical students

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World Journal of methodology 2025年第1期15卷 20-25页

作者： Nadeesha r Samarasinghe Taniya S Nagpal michele L Barbeau Charys m martin Division of general Surgery Faculty of MedicineUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouver V6T 1Z3BCCanada Faculty of Kinesiology Sport and RecreationUniversity of AlbertaEdmonton T6G 2R3ABCanada Anatomy and Cell Biology University of Western OntarioLondon N6A 3K7ONCanada Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology Schulich School of Medicine and DentistryThe University of Western OntarioLondon N6A 3K7ONCanada

The benefits of regular physical activity are well ***,few studies have examined the effectiveness of integrating physical activity(PA)into curricula within a post-secondary *** investigate the incorporation of PA into medical curriculum,we developed a series of optional exercise-based review sessions designed to reinforce musculoskeletal(mSK)anatomy course *** synchronous sessions were co-taught by a group fitness instructor and an anatomy *** fitness instructor would lead students through both strength and yoga style exercises,while the anatomy instructor asked questions about relevant anatomical structures related to course material previously *** the sessions,participants were asked to evaluate the classes on their self-reported exam preparedness in improving mSK anatomy knowledge,PA levels,and mental *** participants completed surveys;a majority agreed that the classes increased understanding of mSK concepts(90.0%)and activity levels(97.7%).many(70.0%)felt that the classes helped reduce *** majority of respondents(90.0%)agreed that the classes contributed to increased feelings of social ***,medical students saw benefit in PA based interventions to supplement mSK course *** with increasing activity levels and promoting health behaviours,integrating PA into medical curriculum may improve comprehension of learning material,alleviate stress and foster social connectivity among medical students.

关键词： medical education musculoskeletal Anatomy Exercise Online learning

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Control system design for a pressure-tube-type supercritical water-cooled nuclear reactor via a higher order sliding mode method

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第1期35卷 145-154页

作者： m.Hajipour g.r.Ansarifar Department of Nuclear Engineering Faculty of PhysicsUniversity of IsfahanIsfahan 81746-73441Iran

Nuclear power plants exhibit non-linear and time-variable ***,designing a control system that sets the reactor power and forces it to follow the desired load is complicated.A supercritical water reactor(SCWr)is a fourth-generation conceptual *** an SCWr,the non-linear dynamics of the reactor require a controller capable of control-ling the *** this study,a pressure-tube-type SCWr was controlled during reactor power maneuvering with a higher order sliding mode,and the reactor outgoing steam temperature and pressure were controlled *** an SCWr,the temperature,pressure,and power must be maintained at a setpoint(desired value)during power *** point kinetics equations with three groups of delayed neutrons were used in the ***-order and classic sliding mode controllers were separately manufactured to control the plant and were compared with the PI controllers speci-fied in previous *** controlled parameters were reactor power,steam temperature,and ***,for these parameters,the PI controller had certain instabilities in the presence of *** classic sliding mode controller had a higher accuracy and stability;however its main drawback was the chattering *** was highly accurate and stable and had a small computational *** reality,it followed the desired values without oscillations and chattering.

关键词： Supercritical water nuclear reactor Higher order sliding mode controller Steam temperature Steam pressure Point kinetics model

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Flood basalt hosted palaeosols:Potential palaeoclimatic indicators of global climate change

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geoscience Frontiers 2014年第6期5卷 791-799页

作者： m.r.g.Sayyed Department of geology Poona College (University of Pune)CampPune 411 001MaharashtraIndia

Since continental sediments （in addition to the marine geological record） offer im.or.ant means of deciphering environmental changes, the sediments hosted by the successive flows of the continental flood basalt provinces of the world should be treasure houses in gathering the palaeoclimatic data. Palaeosols developed on top of basalt flows are potentially ideal for palaeoenvironmental reconstructions because it is easy to determine their protolith geochemistry and also they define a definite time interval. The present paper summarizes the nature of the basalt-hosted palaeosols formed on the flood basalts provinces from different parts of the ~lobe havin~ different ages.

关键词： Continental flood basalts Palaeosols Weathering Palaeoclimates global change

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Impact of carbon paper structural parameters on the performance of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell cathode via lattice Boltzmann method

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Acta mechanica Sinica 2020年第2期36卷 367-380页

作者： m.Nazemian g.r.molaeimanesh research Laboratory of Automotive Fluids and Structures Analysis Automotive Engineering SchoolIran University of Science and TechnologyTehran 16846-13114Iran

Polymer electrolyte fuel cells(PEFCs)being employed in fuel cell electric vehicles(FCEVs)are promising power generators producing electric power from fuel stream via porous *** of carbon paper gas diffusion layers(gDLs)applying in the porous electrodes can greatly affect the PEFC performance,especially at the cathode side where electrochemical reaction is more *** discover the role of carbon paper gDL structure on the mass transfer properties,different cathode electrodes with dissimilar structural parameters are simulated via lattice Boltzmann method(LBm).3D contours of oxygen and water vapor concentration through the gDL as well as the 2D contours of current density on the catalyst layer are illustrated and *** results indicate that the carbon fiber diameter has a negligible impact on the current density while the impact of carbon paper thickness and porosity is *** fact,increasing of carbon paper thickness or porosity leads to lack of cell performance.

关键词： Polymer electrolyte fuel cell(PEFC) Lattice Boltzmann method(LBm) microstructure reconstruction Carbon paper mass transfer properties

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Interactions of ion acoustic multi-soliton and rogue wave with Bohm quantum potential in degenerate plasma

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Chinese Physics B 2017年第9期26卷 301-309页

作者： m S Alam m g Hafez m r Talukder m Hossain Ali Department of Applied mathematics University of RajshahiRajshahi-6205Bangladesh Plasma Science and Technology Lab Department of Applied Physics and Electronic EngineeringUniversity of RajshahiRajshahi-6205Bangladesh Department of mathematics Chittagong University of Engineering and TechnologyChittagong-4349Bangladesh

This work investigates the interactions among solitons and their consequences in the production of rogue waves in an unmagnetized plasmas composing non-relativistic as well as relativistic degenerate electrons and positrons, and inertial non-relativistic helium ions. The extended Poincare′–Lighthill–Kuo（PLK） method is employed to derive the two-sided Korteweg–de Vries（KdV） equations with their corresponding phase shifts. The nonlinear Schrodinger equation（NLSE） is obtained from the modified Kd V（mKdV） equation, which allows one to study the properties of the rogue waves. It is found that the Fermi temperature and quantum mechanical effects become pronounced due to the quantum diffraction of electrons and positrons in the plasmas. The densities and temperatures of the helium ions, degenerate electrons and positrons, and quantum parameters strongly modify the electrostatic ion acoustic resonances and their corresponding phase shifts due to the interactions among solitons and produce rogue waves in the plasma.

关键词： wave-wave interaction rogue waves degenerate plasmas Bohm potential

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Thermodynamics of Phantom Energy Accreting onto a Black Hole in Einstein–Power–maxwell gravity

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Chinese Physics Letters 2013年第10期30卷 34-37页

作者： g.Abbas r.m.ramzan Department of mathematics COMSATS Institute of Information TechnologySahiwal-67000Pakistan Department of mathematics The Islamia University BahawalpurPakistan

We investigate the phantom energy accretion onto a 3D black hole formulated in the Einstein–Power–maxwell theory,and present the conditions for critical accretion of phantom energy onto the black ***,we discuss the thermodynamics of phantom energy accreting onto the black hole and find that the first law of thermodynamics is easily satisfied while the second law and the generalized second law of thermodynamics remain invalid and conditionally valid,*** results for the Banados–Teitelboim–Zanelli black hole can be recovered by taking maxwellian contribution equal to zero.

关键词： maxwell black law Power

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Polymer Sensitized Quasi Solid-State Photovoltaic Cells Using Derivatives of Polythiophene

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Journal of materials Science & Technology 2006年第6期22卷 811-816页

作者： g.K.r.Senadeera J.m.r.C.Fernando Institute of Fundamental Studies Hantane RoadKandySri Lanka Institute of Fundamental Studies Hantane RoadKandySri Lanka Postgraduate Institute of ScienceUniversity of PeradeniyaPeradeniyaSri Lanka

Substituted thiophene sensitized, nanocrystalline TiO2-based quasi solid-state solar cells were fabricated by using either poly （3-thiophene acetic acid）（P3TAA） or a copolymer with poly （3-thiophene acetic acid）-poly （hexyl thiophene）（P3TAA-PHT） polymers and copper iodide （Cul） as a hole conducting material together with an ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis （trifluoromethylsulfonyl） amide and lithium bis （triflu- oromethanesulfone） imide as additives for charge transport promotion. Dramatic enhancements in the cell performances were observed with the additives in Cul. While the cell sensitized with P3TAA generated a short-circuit photocurrent of -1.45 ***^-2, an open-circuit photovoltage of -345 mV with a total power conversion efficiency of -0.3% under simulated full sunlight of 100 mW-cm^-2 （air mass： 1.5）, the cell sensitized with copolymer P3TAA-PHT delivered -0.25% efficiency under the same conditions with -1.23 mA-cm^-2 as photocurrent and -371 mV as photovoltage.

关键词： Solar cells Polymers Titanium dioxide

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