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A bio-inspired optical imaging method for robotic perception in turbid water

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Science China Technological Sciences 2025年第1期 79-81页

作者： Xudong SUN Yafeng LI Peng LIN Xiaodi SHANg Xianping fu School of Information Science and Technology Dalian Maritime University College of Computer Science and Technology Qingdao University

In the realm of underwater robotics, optical imaging plays a pivotal role in many scientific researches. Due to the effects of absorption and scattering,images captured in turbid water are severely degraded. Therefore, enhancing the quality of underwater optical images stands paramount in ensuring the continued advancement and efficacy of underwater robots across its multifarious applications.

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Single-cell omics: experimental workflow, data analyses and applications

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Science China Life Sciences 2025年第1期68卷 5-102页

作者： Fengying Sun Haoyan Li Dongqing Sun Shaliu fu Lei gu Xin Shao Qinqin Wang Xin Dong Bin Duan Feiyang Xing jun Wu Minmin Xiao Fangqing Zhao jing-Dong j.Han Qi Liu Xiaohui Fan Chen Li Chenfei Wang Tieliu Shi Department of Clinical Laboratory the Affiliated Wuhu Hospital of East China Normal University (The Second People's Hospital of Wuhu City) Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute College of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang University Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration (Tongji University) Ministry of EducationOrthopaedic DepartmentTongji HospitalBioinformatics DepartmentSchool of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji University Frontier Science Center for Stem Cells School of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji University Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy and Institute for Regenerative Medicine Shanghai East HospitalBioinformatics DepartmentSchool of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji University Research Institute of Intelligent Computing Zhejiang Lab Shanghai Research Institute for Intelligent Autonomous Systems Center for Single-cell Omics School of Public HealthShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization Innovation Center of Yangtze River DeltaZhejiang University Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biologythe Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life SciencesEast China Normal University Beijing Institutes of Life Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary StudiesCenter for Quantitative Biology (CQB)Peking University Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Therapy for Major gynecological Diseases Women's HospitalZhejiang University School of Medicine Key Laboratory of Advanced Theory and Application in Statistics and Data Science-MOE School of StatisticsEast China Normal University

Cells are the fundamental units of biological systems and exhibit unique development trajectories and molecular features. Our exploration of how the genomes orchestrate the formation and maintenance of each cell, and control the cellular phenotypes of various organismsis, is both captivating and intricate. Since the inception of the first single-cell RNA technology, technologies related to single-cell sequencing have experienced rapid advancements in recent years. These technologies have expanded horizontally to include single-cell genome, epigenome,proteome, and metabolome, while vertically, they have progressed to integrate multiple omics data and incorporate additional information such as spatial sc RNA-seq and CRISPR screening. Single-cell omics represent a groundbreaking advancement in the biomedical field,offering profound insights into the understanding of complex diseases, including cancers. Here, we comprehensively summarize recent advances in single-cell omics technologies, with a specific focus on the methodology section. This overview aims to guide researchers in selecting appropriate methods for single-cell sequencing and related data analysis.

关键词： single-cell sequencing genome epigenome proteomics metabolomics multimodal spatial transcriptomics CRISPR screening

Human neural stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles protect against ischemic stroke by activating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3245-3258页

作者： jiayi Wang Mengke Zhao Dong fu Meina Wang Chao Han Zhongyue Lv Liang Wang jing Liu Stem Cell Clinical Research Center The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalianLiaoning ProvinceChina Dalian Innovation Institute of Stem Cell and Precision Medicine DalianLiaoning ProvinceChina Institute(College)of Integrative Medicine Dalian Medical UniversityDalianLiaoning ProvinceChina

Human neural stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles exhibit analogous functions to their parental cells,and can thus be used as substitutes for stem cells in stem cell therapy,thereby mitigating the risks of stem cell therapy and advancing the frontiers of stem cell-derived *** lays a foundation for the development of potentially potent new treatment modalities for ischemic ***,the precise mechanisms underlying the efficacy and safety of human neural stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles remain unclear,presenting challenges for clinical *** promote the translation of therapy based on human neural stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles from the bench to the bedside,we conducted a comprehensive preclinical study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of human neural stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles in the treatment of ischemic *** found that administration of human neural stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles to an ischemic stroke rat model reduced the volume of cerebral infarction and promoted functional recovery by alleviating neuronal *** human neural stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles reduced neuronal apoptosis by enhancing phosphorylation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase,mammalian target of rapamycin,and protein kinase B,and these effects were reversed by treatment with a phosphoinositide 3-kinase *** findings suggest that human neural stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles play a neuroprotective role in ischemic stroke through activation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin signaling ***,we showed that human neural stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles have a good in vivo safety ***,human neural stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles are a promising potential agent for the treatment of ischemic stroke.

关键词： behavior exosome extracellular vesicles ischemic stroke mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR) middle cerebral artery occlusion neural stem cells neuronal apoptosis phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K) protein kinase B(AKT)

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辽朝详稳渊源新论

古代文明（中英文） 2025年第1期19卷 117-127,M0006,M0007页

作者：田富吉林大学历史文化学院吉林长春130012

以往学界多认为辽朝详稳源于突厥语“sangun”,为将军之意。本文通过考证详稳与相温、相公、将军等概念的异同,认为辽朝详稳一词源自汉语“相”,“稳”是指契丹语语法中修饰“详”字的附加成分。辽朝详稳官职来源于突厥、回鹘、吐蕃等... 详细信息

以往学界多认为辽朝详稳源于突厥语“sangun”,为将军之意。本文通过考证详稳与相温、相公、将军等概念的异同,认为辽朝详稳一词源自汉语“相”,“稳”是指契丹语语法中修饰“详”字的附加成分。辽朝详稳官职来源于突厥、回鹘、吐蕃等边疆民族之“相”制,又在“会同改制”过程中脱离其原义,遂成为一种特殊的部族官职。

关键词：辽朝详稳相相温国相

Staged dendrite suppression for high safe and stable lithium-sulfur batteries

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journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 674-683页

作者： jun jiang Zhenjie Lu Yanwen Ding Shujun Liu Zhijie Qi Tian Tang Yunfan Zhang Zhiyuan Ma jingwen Sun Liang Xue Wenyao Zhang Pan Xiong Xin Wang junwu Zhu Yongsheng fu Key Laboratory for Soft Chemistry and functional Materials of Ministry of Education Nanjing University of Science and Technology jiangsu Pylon Battery Co.Ltd

The unavoidable dendrite growth and shuttle effect have long been stranglehold challenges limiting the safety and practicality of lithium-sulfur ***,we propose a dual-action strategy to address the lithium dendrite issue in stages by constructing a multifunctional surface-negatively-charged nanodiamond layer with high ductility and robust puncture resistance on polypropylene （PP） *** uniformly loaded compact negative layer can not only significantly enhance electron transmission efficiency and promote uniform lithium deposition,but also reduce the formation of dendrite during early deposition *** importantly,under the strong puncture stress encountered during the deterioration of lithium dendrite growth under limiting current,the high ductility and robust puncture resistance（145.88 MPa） of as-obtained nanodiamond layer can effectively prevent short circuits caused by unavoidable lithium *** Li||Li symmetrical cells assembled with nanodiamond layer modified PP demonstrated a stable cycle of over 1000 h at 2 mA cm-2with a polarization voltage of only 29.3 ***,the negative charged layer serves as a physical barrier blocking lithium polysulfide ions,effectively mitigating capacity *** improved cells achieved a capacity decay of only 0.042%per cycle after 700 cycles at 3 C,demonstrating effective suppression of dendrite growth and capacity attenuation,showing promising prospect.

关键词： Ductility

胆道生态系统：全局视角下的胆道外科关键科学问题

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中华外科杂志 2025年第1期63卷 39-44页

作者：王向付静海军军医大学第三附属医院胆道二科上海海军军医大学国家肝癌科学中心上海

随着胆道外科现代诊疗体系的建立与科学研究范式的转变, 无论是良性还是恶性胆道疾病, 均已进入精准化、个体化、全程化及多学科协作的诊疗和研究阶段。然而胆道外科医师仍面临着两大困境:(1)外科技术在降低良性胆道疾病致残率、提高胆... 详细信息

随着胆道外科现代诊疗体系的建立与科学研究范式的转变, 无论是良性还是恶性胆道疾病, 均已进入精准化、个体化、全程化及多学科协作的诊疗和研究阶段。然而胆道外科医师仍面临着两大困境:(1)外科技术在降低良性胆道疾病致残率、提高胆道肿瘤患者生存率方面进入了瓶颈期;(2)对于"切胆保胆""如何减黄"等临床争议, 传统的临床研究似乎难以给出确切答案。借鉴系统生物学的理念, 作者提出了"胆道生态系统"的概念框架:胆管是丛林, 血管、淋巴管、神经和免疫系统是土壤, 干细胞是种子, 胆汁是河流, 肝细胞是河流的发源地。良恶性疾病具有动态转化的特征;不同部位的胆管构成"大"环境, 胆汁形成"小"环境, 不同细胞组成"微"环境;细胞亚群具有不同状态及多样性, 并受复杂分子信号网络的调控。作者据此进一步凝练了胆道外科的若干关键科学问题, 提出了优化研究范式的建议, 旨在从全局视角推动学科交叉融合, 推动胆道外科临床及转化研究。

关键词：胆道疾病胆道肿瘤胆道生态系统普通外科学范式转变多组学技术

基于gYT双标图综合评价黄河流域中熟杂交棉花区域试验品种

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作物学报 2025年第1期51卷 30-43页

作者：李超付小琼中国农业科学院棉花研究所/棉花生物育种与综合利用全国重点实验室河南安阳455000 华北作物改良与调控国家重点实验室/河北省作物种质资源实验室/华北作物种质资源研究与利用教育部重点实验室/河北农业大学河北保定071001

对黄河流域中熟杂交棉花区域试验参试品种进行分析和评价,可以为品种合理布局和品种性状改良提供科学依据。本研究利用gYT双标图对2022—2023年黄河流域30个参试品种的产量、品质、农艺性状、抗病性进行综合评价,深入分析皮棉产量与铃... 详细信息

对黄河流域中熟杂交棉花区域试验参试品种进行分析和评价,可以为品种合理布局和品种性状改良提供科学依据。本研究利用gYT双标图对2022—2023年黄河流域30个参试品种的产量、品质、农艺性状、抗病性进行综合评价,深入分析皮棉产量与铃重、单株铃数、霜前花率、衣分、第一果枝节位、果枝数、生育期、株高、子指、纤维长度、断裂比强度、马克隆值、伸长率、整齐度、枯萎病指数、黄萎病指数等性状的组合水平,联合方差分析结果表明, 2年试验中所有性状的基因型效应和环境效应均达到了极显著水平,大部分基因型与环境互作效应达到了显著或极显著水平,同时大部分互作效应平方和占比总变异平方和比例大于基因型效应。筛选出中棉所9B07等产量-性状组合优良的品种,比对照品种中棉所9711适应性更广、丰产性更好,具有较高的应用推广价值。gYT双标图比gT双标图具有解释的变异比例更高、拟合度更好、分析结果可信度更高等优点,可以更加直观展示参试品种特点,为我国作物品种多性状综合评价提供参考。

关键词：棉花 gT双标图 gYT双标图产量-性状组合

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Light variations of two new DA-type pulsating white dwarfs

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1997年第18期42卷 1554-1557页

作者： fu, jN Vauclair, g Dolez, N Fremy, j Beijing Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées Toulouse France Observatoire de Paris-Meudon Meudon France

ASTEROSEISMOLOgY of pulsating white dwarfs is an effective tool for us to infer their internal structures and the activities of stars on the final stages of stellar evolution. DA-type pulsating white dwarfs, with hydrogen-rich shells and low temperatures, constitute an instability strip in the H-R diagram, which have only 24 members. In order to push forward the research work in this field, many astronomers have devoted themselves to the search of new possible members for a long time. During two nights on February of 1996, the authors observed five candidates selected from the Kiso survey (Noguchi et al., 1980; Kondo et al., 1984), with the 1.93-m telescope at Observatoire de Haute-Provence, France. In the present note, we report the discovery of two new variables from this observation run: KUV 08368+4026 and KUV 11370+4222.

关键词： white dwarf photoelectric photometry pulsation.

长江文化的历史内涵与现代价值——兼论长江国家文化公园的建构逻辑

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武汉大学学报（哲学社会科学版） 2025年第1期78卷 54-66页

作者：傅才武李高峰武汉大学国家文化发展研究院湖北武汉430072 武汉大学中国传统文化研究中心

长江流域是世界稻作文明的起源地。水稻以其特有的物种属性和经济属性,为中华民族的人口繁衍与文化传承提供了丰厚的物质基础和有利的社会条件。借助于大运河、荆襄古道、金牛道的南北互济以及茶马古道的东西融通,中华文化构建了一套北... 详细信息

长江流域是世界稻作文明的起源地。水稻以其特有的物种属性和经济属性,为中华民族的人口繁衍与文化传承提供了丰厚的物质基础和有利的社会条件。借助于大运河、荆襄古道、金牛道的南北互济以及茶马古道的东西融通,中华文化构建了一套北方与南方、中心与边缘的双循环体系,形成了内源性动力机制。陆上和海上丝绸之路为中华文化汲取外部文明打开了窗口,促进了中西文明的交流互鉴。长江流域作为驱动双循环的核心区域,居功至伟,成为中华民族“历史的地理枢纽”。在新时期建设中华民族现代文明的过程中,长江“历史的地理枢纽”需要转化为“当代地理枢纽”:通过“长江大保护”来恢复生态长江并推动经济长江的高质量发展;以长江国家文化公园的建设,推动长江文明与世界大河文明对话,深化中外文明的交流互鉴。

关键词：长江双循环历史的地理枢纽国家文化公园长江文明