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Childhood opportunity and appropriate use of child safety restraints in motor vehicle collisions

World Journal of Pediatric Surgery 2024年第2期7卷 142-149页

作者： Stephanie Y Chen Iris garcia Shadassa Ourshalimian Chantel Lowery Pradip P chaudhari Ryan g Spurrier Pediatric Surgery Children's Hospital Los AngelesLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA Injury Prevention Program Children's Hospital Los AngelesLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA Emergency and Transport Medicine Children's Hospital Los AngelesLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA Pediatrics University of Southern California Keck School of MedicineLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA Surgery University of Southern California Keck School of MedicineLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA

Objectives Safety restraints reduce injuries from motor vehicle collisions(MVCs)but are often improperly applied or not *** Childhood Opportunity Index(COI)reflects social determinants of health and its study in pediatric trauma is *** hypothesized that MVC patients from low-opportunity neighborhoods are less likely to be appropriately *** A retrospective cross-sectional study was performed on children/adolescents≤18 years old in MVCs between January 1,2011 and December 31,*** were identified from the Children's Hospital Los Angeles trauma *** outcome was safety restraint use(appropriately restrained,not appropriately restrained).COI levels by home zip codes were stratified as very low,low,moderate,high,and very *** regression controlling for age identified factors associated with safety restraint *** Of 337 patients,73.9%were appropriately restrained and 26.1%were not appropriately *** with appropriately restrained patients,more not appropriately restrained patients were from low-COI(26.1%vs 20.9%),high-COI(14.8%vs 10.8%)and very high-COI(10.2%vs 3.6%)*** analysis demonstrated no significant associations in appropriate restraint use and *** was a non-significant trend that children/adolescents from moderate-COI neighborhoods were more likely than those from very low-COI neighborhoods to be appropriately restrained(OR=1.82,95%CI 0.78,4.28).Conclusion Injury prevention initiatives focused on safety restraints should target families of children from all neighborhood types.

关键词： MVC restrained neighborhood

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基于脑MRI髓鞘形成的深度学习预测新生儿和婴儿的脑龄

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国际医学放射学杂志 2023年第1期46卷 112-112页

作者： J.V.Chen g.chaudhari C.P.Hess O.A.glenn L.P.Sugrue A.M.Rauschecker 袁园

摘要根据妊娠校正年龄（gCA）在T1WI和T2WI上评估脑的髓鞘化,需要在了解正常髓鞘形成阶段基础上对脑进行主观观察。目的建立基于MRI脑髓鞘形成来预测新生儿和

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Variation in the Flaring Potential of Different Sunspot groups During Different Phases of Solar Cycles 23 and 24

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第2期24卷 144-153页

作者： Abha Singh Anurag.chaudhari gyaneshwar Sharma A.K.Singh Department of Physics T.D.P.G.College Jaunpur-222002India Department of Physics Banaras Hindu UniversityVaranasi-221005India

In this present study,we have analyzed different types of X-ray solar flares(C,M,and X classes)coming out from different classes of sunspot groups(SSgs).The data which we have taken under this study cover the duration of 24 yr from 1996 to *** this,we observed a total of 15015 flares(8417 in SC-23 and 6598 in SC-24)emitted from a total of 33780 active regions(21746 in SC-23 and 12034 in SC-24)with sunspot *** defined the flaring potential or flare-production potential as the ratio of the total number of flares produced from a particular type of SSg to the total number of the same-class SSgs observed on the solar *** we studied yearly changes in the flaring potential of different McIntosh class groups of sunspots in different phases of SC-23 and *** addition,we investigated yearly variations in the potential of producing flares by different SSgs(A,B,C,D,E,F,and H)during different phases(ascending,maximum,descending,and minimum)of SC-23 and *** are our findings:(1)D,E,and F SSgs have the potential of producing flares≥8 times greater than A,B,C and H SSgs;(2)The larger and more complex D,E,and F SSgs produced nearly 80%of flares in SC-23 and 24;(3)The A,B,C and H SSgs,which are smaller and simpler,produced only 20%of flares in SC-23 and 24;(4)The biggest and most complex SSgs of F-class have flaring potential 1.996 and 3.443 per SSg in SC-23 and 24,respectively.(5)The potential for producing flares in each SSg is higher in SC-24 than in SC-23,although SC-24 is a weaker cycle than SC-23.(6)The alterations in the number of flares(C+M+X)show different time profiles than the alterations in sunspot numbers during SC-23 and 24,with several peaks.(7)The SSgs of C,D,E,and H-class have the highest flaring potential in the descending phase of both SC-23 and 24.(8)F-class SSgs have the highest flaring potential in the descending phase of SC-23 but also in the maximum phase of SC-24.

关键词： (Sun:)sunspots-Sun flares-Sun activity-Sun magnetic fields-Sun filaments-prominences

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Highlights from the literature on risk assessment techniques adopted in the mining industry:A review of past contributions,recent developments and future scope

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2016年第4期26卷 691-702页

作者： Verma Shikha chaudhari Sharad Department of Mechanical Engineering YCCE CollegeRTMNU Department of Mechanical Engineering YCCE College

In this paper a comprehensive review is presented of risk assessment techniques adopted in the mining industry worldwide;those techniques applied in other hazardous industries and potential techniques which are robust,mature and holistic and can be implemented for the Indian mining industry in future to enhance workplace safety are also *** from the review are indicative of the fact that socio-technical complexity of industrial systems has *** developments in the area of risk management highlight the need for implementation of the latest robust techniques of risk assessment in the mining *** consideration of the present scenario,the development of a model for risk analysis having an interface between hazard identification and risk assessment,along with an interface between risk assessment and accident causation to predict if an accident will occur under given conditions,has become dire *** will increase hazard awareness and enable mine management to select and prioritize problem areas and identify safety system weaknesses in both underground and surface *** will ultimately help decision makers,risk analysts and safety managers make a major contribution in the development of workplace safety with a near-to-zero accident rate.

关键词： Risk Risk assessment Mining HazardSafety

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Formulation and characterization of extruded and spheronized pellets using pectin and crosslinking agents

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Journal of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences 2014年第11期23卷 790-798页

作者： Pallavi M.chaudhari Pravin D.chaudhari Padmashree Dr.D.Y.Patil College of Pharmacy Akurdi Pune-411044 India P.E.Society's Modern College of Pharmacy NigdiPune-411044 India

The aim of this study was to prepare pellets of gliclazide by extrusion spheronization process by use of two methods in situ cross linking method and interfacial complexation method and to study the effect of different cross linking agents on the formed pellets. Extrusion/spheronization being an established technique for producing spherical pellets so this technique was used to prepare pellets. The gliclazide pellets prepared by extrusion-spheronization techniques and then the formed pellets were coated with pectin solution by interfacial complexation method. The effect of cross-linkers calcium chloride and aluminium chloride concentration, by in situ cross linking on properties of gliclazide pellets like swelling and drug release were studied. The formed pellets were subjected to swelling, analysis of morphology, in dissolution and vivo studies. Most of the pellets were of acceptable shape. From the results calcium chloride when coated with pectin, retarded drug release. As the concentration of calcium chloride increased, it led to slow release of the drug. This may be due to the water solubility of calcium salt, which induced cross linking with pectin. Thus pellets with calcium chloride cross linked with pectin were beneficial, because it retarded the release of the drug. Though the release from interfacial coated pellets was retarded, it was less as compared to the in situ formed pellets. The in vivo studies on alloxan-induced diabetic rats indicated the significant hypoglycemic effect that was observed 24 h after oral administration of optimized pellets. Thus, the developed and optimized pellets were suitable for prolonged systemic absorption of gliclazide to maintain lower blood glucose level and improved patient compliance. The results suggested that the in situ cross linking pellets were able to retard the release of gliclazide greater than the interfacial complexation method. Therefore, this approach has been effectively achieved.

关键词： Extrusion-spheronization gliclazide Pellets Pectin Anti-diabetic activity

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Assessment of distortion in watermarked geospatial vector data using different wavelets

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geo-Spatial Information Science 2015年第2期18卷 124-133页

作者： Sangita ZOPE-chaudhari Parvatham VENKATACHALAM Krishna Mohan BUDDHIRAJU Centre of Studies in Resources Engineering Indian Institute of Technology BombayMumbaiIndia

With the rapid growth of the Internet,the copyright protection problem occurs frequently,and unauthorized copying and distributing of geospatial data threaten the investments of data *** watermarking is a possible solution to solve this ***,watermarking causes modifications in the original data resulting in distortion and affects accuracy,which is very important to geospatial vector *** article provides distortion assessment of watermarked geospatial data using wavelet-based invisible *** wavelets at different wavelet decomposition levels are used for accuracy evaluation with the help of error measures such as maximum error and mean square *** correlation is used as a similarity index between original and extracted *** is observed that the increase in the strength of embedding increases visual *** wavelet outperforms the other wavelets,and the third wavelet decomposition level is proved to be optimal level for watermarking.

关键词： digital watermarking geospatial vector data wavelets discrete wavelet transform(DWT) distortion

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Comparative drug susceptibility study of five clonal strains of Trichomonas vaginalis in vitro

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2011年第1期4卷 50-53页

作者： Hemantkumar Somabhai chaudhari Prati Pal Singh Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research(NIPER)Sector-67Phase-XS.A.S.Nagar-160062PunjabIndia

Objective:To produce comparative data on a group of Trichomonas vaginalis clonal strains with varied drug responses using identical methods and ***:Five clonal strains of Trichomonas vaginalis were isolated from reference strain using agar plate *** variability of growth kinetic and susceptibility of clonal strain to metronidazole,tinidazole, satranidazole and nitazoxanide were observed in 96 well microlilre ***:Among these clonal strains there was a good correlation between rates of growth with the relative susceptibility of the strains to drugs in *** metronidazole,tinidazole and satranidazole susceptibility,different degrees of susceptibility were ***,no difference in nitazoxanide susceptibility was found between the clonal strain tested and a reference strain. Conclusions:This is the first description of biological variability in clonal stock of Trichomonas *** degrees of drug susceptibility were determined among clonal strains tested. Further studies will be necessary to ascertain the importance of this variability in clinical infection.

关键词： Trichomonas vaginalis Clonal strains Drug susceptibility Metronidazole

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Influence of alkali metal doping on surface properties and catalytic activity/selectivity of CaO catalysts in oxidative coupling of methane

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Journal of Natural gas Chemistry 2008年第4期17卷 313-320页

作者： V.H.Rane S.T.chaudhari V.R.Choudhary Chemical Engineering and Process Development Division National Chemical Laboratory

Surface properties （viz. surface area, basicity/base strength distribution, and crystal phases） of alkali metal doped CaO （alkali metal/Ca= 0.1 and 0.4） catalysts and their catalytic activity/selectivity in oxidative coupling of methane （OCM） to higher hydrocarbons at different reaction conditions （viz. temperature, 700 and 750 ℃; CH4/O2 ratio, 4.0 and 8.0 and space velocity, 5140-20550 cm^3 ·g^-1·h^-1） have been investigated. The influence of catalyst calcination temperature on the activity/selectivity has also been investigated. The surface properties （viz. surface area, basicity/base strength distribution） and catalytic activity/selectivity of the alkali metal doped CaO catalysts are strongly influenced by the alkali metal promoter and its concentration in the alkali metal doped CaO catalysts. An addition of alkali metal promoter to CaO results in a large decrease in the surface area but a large increase in the surface basicity （strong basic sites） and the C2＋ selectivity and yield of the catalysts in the OCM process. The activity and selectivity are strongly influenced by the catalyst calcination temperature. No direct relationship between surface basicity and catalytic activity/selectivity has been observed. Among the alkali metal doped CaO catalysts, Na-CaO （Na/Ca = 0.1, before calcination） catalyst （calcined at 750 ℃）, showed best performance （C2＋ selectivity of 68.8% with 24.7% methane conversion）, whereas the poorest performance was shown by the Rb-CaO catalyst in the OCM process.

关键词： oxidative coupling of methane alkali metal doped CaO catalysts basicity/base strength distribution catalytic activity/selectivity

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Oxidative coupling of methane over La-promoted CaO catalysts:Influence of precursors and catalyst preparation method

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Journal of Natural gas Chemistry 2010年第1期19卷 25-30页

作者： Vilas H. Rane Sopan T. chaudhari Vasant R. Choudhary Chemical Engineering and Process Development Division National Chemical LaboratoryPune India

The oxidative coupling of methane to C2 hydrocarbons has been studied over a series of La-promoted CaO （La/Ca = 0.05） catalysts, prepared using different precursor salts for CaO and La2O3 （viz. acetates, carbonates, nitrates and hydroxides） and catalyst preparation methods （viz. physical mixing of precursors, co-precipitation using ammonium carbonate/sodium carbonate as a precipitating agent）, under different reaction conditions （temperature： 700-850 ℃, CH4/O2 ratio： 4.0 and 8.0, and gHSV： 51360 cm^3·g^-1·h^- 1）. The surface area and surface basicity/base strength distribution of the catalysts have also been investigated. The surface properties and catalytic activity/selectivity of the La-promoted CaO catalysts vary from catalyst to catalyst depending on the catalyst precursors used and catalyst preparation method. The basicity/base strength distribution is strongly influenced by the precursors （for CaO and La2O3） and catalyst preparation method. Basicity （total and strong basic sites measured in terms of CO2 chemisorbed at 50℃ and 500 ℃, respectively） observed for the catalyst prepared by co-precipitation method is higher than that of the catalysts prepared by physical mixing method. The catalysts prepared by the nitrates of La- and Ca- and co- precipitated by the solution of sodium carbonate and ammonium carbonate exhibit different catalytic performance in OCM. The finding that no direct relationship between the surface basicity and catalytic activity/selectivity in OCM exists indicates that basicity is not solely responsible for obtaining high selectivity to C2 hydrocarbons.

关键词： oxidative coupling of methane La-promoted CaO catalysts basicity distribution

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Impact of gamete health on fertilization and embryo development: An overview

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Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2022年第5期11卷 201-207页

作者： Chorya Jaypalsinh B Sutaria Tarunkumar V chaudhari Ravjibhai K chaudhari Chandrakant F Department of gynaecology and Obstetrics College of Veterinary Science and Animal HusbandryKamdhenu UniversitySardarkrushinagarGujaratIndia

A genetically and functionally proficient gamete is essential for normal fertilization and embryonic *** change in gamete health affects fertilization and subsequent events,including embryonic development,implantation,and successful *** present review focuses on the role of gamete health on fertilization and embryo *** conventional and advanced methods are used to evaluate the morphology and functions of *** abnormal spermatozoa adversely affect fertilization events,which results in reduced cleavage/blastocyst/implantation and pregnancy rate during assisted reproductive *** oocyte quality is also one of the reasons for infertility,although the oocyte has an innate capacity to repair a certain amount of abnormality of both oocyte and ***,oocyte health carries more responsibilities during fertilization *** gamete,either spermatozoa or oocyte,should have optimum morphological and functional health to fertilize and develop a competent embryo ***,it is of prime importance to consider the gamete health parameters while dealing with infertility.

关键词： Embryo Fertilization gamete Oocyte Sperm

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