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Advances in acute and chronic pancreatitis

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2023年第7期29卷 1194-1201页

作者： Williamson B Strum Clement Richard boland Department of gastroenterology Scripps ClinicLa JollaCA 92037United States Department of Medicine University of California San DiegoLa JollaCA 92037United States

Acute pancreatitis(AP)and chronic pancreatitis are the third leading gastrointestinal causes for admissions and readmissions to hospitals in the United *** review of articles published between 2019-2022(December)from international sources identified four categories of crucial new findings:The report includes(1)New genetic pathogenic mutations(TRPV6);expected genetic outcomes in a Northern European population;(2)a new serum diagnostic marker for AP-fatty acid ethyl esters-distinguishing acute pancreatitis associated with alcohol;explanations of the impact of monocytes/macrophages on the inflammatory process that defines their future in diagnosis,staging,and treatment;(3)innovations in timing of per os low-fat,solid food intake immediately on admission;resolution of concepts of aggressive parenteral fluid intake;dramatic shifts to nonoperative from operative treatment of infected pancreatic *** modification reduced interventions,complications,and lengths-of-stay;and(4)authoritarian recommendations for medical treatment of chronic *** advances offer opportunities to initiate newly proven treatments to enhance outcomes,alter the natural history,and envision the future of two diseases that have no known cure.

关键词： genetics New diagnostics Macrophage regulation New approaches to early feeding Fluid management

“Role of exercise in preventing and restoring gut dysbiosis in patients with inflammatory bowel disease”:A letter to the editor

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2022年第8期28卷 878-880页

作者： Neasa Mc gettigan Aoibhlinn O'Toole Karen boland Department of gastroenterology Beaumont HospitalDublin D09V2N0LeinsterIreland School of Medicine Royal College of SurgeonsDublin D02YN77Ireland

Exercise-induced changes of the microbiome in inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD)is a promising field of research with the potential for personalized exercise regimes as a promising therapeutic adjunct for restoring gut dysbiosis and additionally for regulating immunometabolic pathways in the management of IBD *** exercise programmes in IBD patients of at least of 12 wk duration are more likely to result in disease-altering changes in the gut microbiome and to harness potential anti-inflammatory effects through these changes along with immunometabolic pathways.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel diseases Microbiota Dysbiosis Metabolism Exercise Cytokines

Involvement of CYP347W1 in neurotoxin 3-nitropropionic acid-based chemical defense in mustard leaf beetle Phaedon cochleariae

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Insect Science 2022年第2期29卷 453-466页

作者： Nanxia Fu Tobias Becker Wolfgang Brandt Maritta Kunert Antje Burse Wilhelm boland Department of Bioorganic Chemistry Max Planck Institute for Chemical EcologyJenaGermany Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resource Utilization Tea Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhouChina Department of Bioorganic Chemistry Leibniz Institute of Plant BiochemistryHalle(Saale)Germany Department of Natural Product Biosynthesis Max Planck Institute for Chemical EcologyJenaGermany Department of Medical Technology and Biotechnology Ernst Abbe Hochschule JenaJenaGermany

Chrysomelina beetlesstore 3-nitropropionic acid in form of a pretoxin,isoxazolin-5-one glucoside-conjugated ester,to protect themselves against *** we identified a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase,CYP347W1,to be involved in the production of the 3-nitropropionic acid moiety of the isoxazolin-5-one glucoside *** down CYP347W1 led to a significant depletion in the concentration of the isoxazolin-5-one glucoside ester and an increase in the concentration of the isoxazolin-5-one glucoside in the larval *** assays with the heterologously expressed CYP347W1 showed freeβ-alanine was not the direct *** modeling indicated thatβ-alanine-CoA ester can fit into CYP347W1’s active ***,we proved that Phaedon cochleariae eggs are not able to de novo synthesize 3-NPA,although both isoxazolin-5-one glucoside and its 3-NPA-conjugated ester are present in the *** results provide direct evidence for the involvement of CYP347W1 in the biosynthesis of a *** chemical defense compound.

关键词： chemical defense isoxazolin-5-one glucoside isoxazolin-5-one glucoside ester leaf beetles P450 3-nitropropionic acid(3-NPA)

ONECUT2 as a key mediator of androgen receptorindependent cell growth and neuroendocrine differentiation in castration-resistant prostate cancer

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2022年第1期5卷 165-170页

作者： WonSeok William Choi Julia L.boland Jianqing Lin Division of Hematology/Oncology and Department of Medicine George Washington University HospitalGeorge Washington University School of Medicine and Health SciencesWashingtonDC 20037USA

Despite androgen dependence in a majority of castration-resistant prostate cancers,some cancer cells are independent of androgen receptor(AR)function,a feature of heterogeneity in prostate *** of the aggressive variants of prostate cancer that are AR independent is neuroendocrine prostate cancer(NEPC).This manuscript will focus on the new finding of human one cut domain family member 2(ONECUT2)transcription factor and its role in castration resistance,especially in NEPC.

关键词： Prostate cancers castration resistant ONECUT2 androgen receptor-independence neuroendocrine differentiation

Comparative evaluation of urolithiasis management options in patients with horseshoe kidney:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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Science and nanotechnology of superhard materials

当代泌尿学（英文） 2023年第3期17卷 193-205页

作者： Yazan Qaoud Merella Al Tali Fiona boland Andrew Simpson Niall Davis Department of Surgery Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland(RCSI)DublinIreland Data Science Centre Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland(RCSI)DublinIreland RCSI Library Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland(RCSI)DublinIreland

Background:Horseshoe kidney is a rare congenital anomaly commonly complicated by *** shockwave litho-tripsy(ESWL),ureteroscopy(URS),and percutaneous nephrolithotomy(PCNL)are treatment options for horseshoe kidney *** aim of this systematic review is to compare the benefits and risks of these management options.Methods:MEDLINE,EMBASE,and Cochrane Library databases were searched from inception to February 2022.A total of 516 nonduplicate studies were screened against the inclusion and exclusion *** comparing at least 2 interventions with＞10 pa-tients per intervention were included.Results:Nine retrospective observational studies published from 2007 to 2021 with a total of 565 patients were *** mean±SD or mean(range)stone sizes ranged between 17.90±2.43 mm and 27.9±8.6 mm for PCNL,8.4(2-25)mm and 22.3±9.1 mm for URS,and 11.9±2.0 mm and 16.8±4.4 mm for *** was no difference in single-session and overall stone-free rate(SFR)between PCNL and URS,with a risk ratio of 1.04(95％confidence interval,0.95-1.13;I2=20.63％).Ureteroscopy had better stone clearance than ESWL,with an overall SFR risk ratio of1.38(95％confidence interval,1.04-1.82;I2=0％).There was no statistically significant difference in overall SFR between PCNL and *** patients who underwent URS and ESWL experienced Clavien-Dindo(CD)grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ *** nephrolithotomy was associated with the highest complication rates,includ-ing 5 CD grade Ⅲ and 3 CD grade Ⅳ complications and a mean postoperative hemoglobin drop of 0.47 to 1.83 g/*** were no CD grade V complications across all studies.Conclusions:There was no difference in SFR between PCNL and *** was associated with a smaller stone burden and fewer and less severe *** was found to be more effective than ESWL with a higher SFR and comparable safety *** large-scale randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm these fi

关键词： Conjoined kidneys Extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy Horseshoe kidney Kidney stones Percutaneous nephrolithotomy Ureteroscopy

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National Science Review 2014年第4期1卷 474-475页

作者： James boland CSIRO Energy Flagship

Materials science has made spectacular progress recently in the ields of nanophysics and *** is amply demonstrated by the research being undertaken in the area of *** range and depth of research into nanodiamonds is i... 详细信息

关键词： high Science and nanotechnology of superhard materials

Parallel boron nitride nanoribbons and etch tracks formed through catalytic etching

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Nano Research 2018年第9期11卷 4874-4882页

作者： Armin Ansary Mohsen Nasseri Mathias J. boland Douglas R. Strachan Department of Physics &Astronomy University of Kentucky Lexington KY40506 USA

One-dimensional （1D） catalytic etching was investigated in few-layer hexagonal boron nitride （hBN） films. Etching of hBN was shown to share a number of similarities with that of graphitic films. As in graphitic films, etch tracks in hBN commenced at film edges and occurred predominantly along certain crystal directions of its lattice, though it was shown that the tracks were generally narrower than those of few-layer graphene under similar processing conditions. It was also shown that catalytic hydrogenation can occur completely through a few-layer hBN film, demonstrating that this process can be used in the formation of isolated low-dimensional nanoscale structures from other layered 2D materials beyond graphene. This ability for thin hBN films to be etched completely through allowed for a crystalline substrate to guide the etching process, which was demonstrated with the successful etch track formation of few-layer hBN on single-crystalline sapphire substrates. The substrate-guided etching resulted in parallel few-layer hBN nanoribbons having an average width of 32 nm and spacing of 13 nm.

关键词： hexagonal(hBN) one-dimensional catalytic etching hydrogenation etch tracks nanoribbons

Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis severity is defined by a failure in compensatory antioxidant capacity in the setting of mitochondrial dysfunction

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2018年第16期24卷 1748-1765页

作者： Michelle L boland Stephanie Oldham Brandon B boland Sarah Will Jean-Martin Lapointe Silvia guionaud Christopher J Rhodes James L Trevaskis Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases MedImmune LLC Pathology MedImmune Ltd. Pathology Drug Safety and MetabolismIMED Biotech UnitAstraZeneca

AIM To comprehensively evaluate mitochondrial(dys) function in preclinical models of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH).METHODS We utilized two readily available mouse models of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) with or without progressive fibrosis: Lep^(ob)/Lep^(ob)(ob/ob) and FATZO mice on high trans-fat, high fructose and high cholesterol(AMLN) diet. Presence of NASH was assessed using immunohistochemical and pathological techniques, and gene expression profiling. Morphological features of mitochondria were assessed via transmission electron microscopy and immunofluorescence, and function was assessed by measuring oxidative capacity in primary hepatocytes, and respiratory control and proton leak in isolated mitochondria. Oxidative stress was measured by assessing activity and/or expression levels of Nrf1, Sod1, Sod2, catalase and 8-OHdg. RESULTS When challenged with AMLN diet for 12 wk, ob/ob and FATZO mice developed steatohepatitis in the presence of obesity and hyperinsulinemia. NASH development was associated with hepatic mitochondrial abnormalities, similar to those previously observed in humans, including mitochondrial accumulation and increased proton leak. AMLN diet also resulted in increased numbers of fragmented mitochondria in both strains of mice. Despite similar mitochondrial phenotypes, we found that ob/ob mice developed more advanced hepatic fibrosis. Activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD) was increased in ob/ob AMLN mice, whereas FATZO mice displayed increased catalase activity, irrespective of diet. Furthermore, 8-OHd g, a marker of oxidative DNA damage, was significantly increased in ob/ob AMLN mice compared to FATZO AMLN mice. Therefore, antioxidant capacity reflected as the ratio of catalase:SOD activity was similar between FATZO and C57 BL6 J control mice, but significantly perturbed in ob/ob mice. CONCLUSION Oxidative stress, and/or the capacity to compensate for increased oxidative stress, in the setting of mitochondrial dysfunction, is

关键词： Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis Steatosis Fibrosis Mitochondrial function Oxidative stress

Inoperable severe aortic valve stenosis in geriatric patients: treatment options and mortality rates

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Journal of geriatric Cardiology 2018年第11期15卷 703-707页

作者： Julie Paul Joelle Kefer Marianne Beeckmans Niko Speybroeck Benoit boland Departments of geriatric Medicine Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc Brussels Belgium Departments of Cardiology Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc BrusselsBelgium Clinical Research Universite catholique de Louvain Brussels Belgium Departments of Biostatistics Universite catholique de Louvain Brussels Belgium Institutes of Health and Society Universite catholique de Louvain Brussels Belgium

Among geriatric patients suffering from severe but inoperable aortic valve stenosis because of high surgical risk and severe co-morbidities,[1] some benefit from trans-aortic valve implantation (TAVI) while others are deemed too frail for TAVI and received medical treatment (MT). This study conducted in frail geriatric patients aimed at describing the patienfs characteristics and the mortality rate associated with the treatment option (MT vs. TAVI) as well as the patient's characteristics associated with one-year mortality.

关键词： Aortic valve stenosis Medical treatment The elderly Transaortic valve implantation