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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2025年第1期142卷 251-277页

作者： Sourabh Mhaski g.V.Ramana Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology DelhiNew Delhi110016India

Earthquake-induced soil liquefaction poses significant risks to the stability of geotechnical structures *** understanding of the liquefaction triggering,and the post-failure large deformation behaviour is essential for designing resilient *** present study develops a Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics(SPH)framework for earthquake-induced liquefaction hazard assessment of geotechnical *** coupled flowdeformation behaviour of soils subjected to cyclic loading is described using the PM4Sand model implemented in a three-phase,single-layer SPH framework.A staggered discretisation scheme based on the stress particle SPH approach is adopted to minimise numerical inaccuracies caused by zero-energy modes and tensile ***,non-reflecting boundary conditions for seismic analysis of semi-infinite soil domains using the SPH method are *** numerical framework is employed for the analysis of cyclic direct simple shear test,seismic analysis of a level ground site,and liquefaction-induced failure of the Lower San Fernando *** agreement for liquefaction triggering and post-failure behaviour demonstrates that the SPH framework can be utilised to assess the effect of seismic loading on field-scale geotechnical *** present study also serves as the basis for future advancements of the SPH method for applications related to earthquake geotechnical engineering.

关键词： Earthquake seismic liquefaction stress particle PM4Sand smoothed particle hydrodynamics(SPH)

Stepping up after spinal cord injury:negotiating an obstacle during walking

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1919-1929页

作者： Alain Frigon Charly g.Lecomte Department of Pharmacology-Physiology Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversitéde SherbrookeCentre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de SherbrookeSherbrookeQCCanada

Every day walking consists of frequent voluntary modifications in the gait pattern to negotiate *** spinal cord injury,stepping over an obstacle becomes *** over an obstacle requires sensorimotor transformations in several structures of the brain,including the parietal cortex,premotor cortex,and motor *** information and planning are transformed into motor commands,which are sent from the motor cortex to spinal neuronal circuits to alter limb trajectory,coordinate the limbs,and maintain *** spinal cord injury,bidirectional communication between the brain and spinal cord is disrupted and animals,including humans,fail to voluntarily modify limb trajectory to step over an ***,in this review,we discuss the neuromechanical control of stepping over an obstacle,why it fails after spinal cord injury,and how it recovers to a certain extent.

关键词： biomechanics locomotion neurophysiology obstacle negotiation spinal cord injury

Bioelectronic medicine in modulation of cortical spreading depolarization and beyond

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 481-482页

作者： Khaled Alok Timothy g.White Chunyan Li Department of Neurosurgery Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/NorthwellHempsteadNYUSA Translational Brain Research Laboratory The Feinstein Institutes for Medical ResearchManhassetNYUSA

Bioelectronic interventions,specifically trigeminal nerve st imulat ion(TNS),have attracted considerable attention in conditions where cortical spreading depolarizations(CSDs)accompanied by compromised cerebral perfusion may exacerbate neurological *** pharmacological interventions have demonstrated initial potential in addressing CSDs,a standardized treatment approach has not yet been *** objective of this perspective is to explore emerging bioelectronic methodologies for addressing CSDs,particularly emphasizing TNS,and to underscore TNS’s capacity to enhance neurovascular coupling and cerebral perfusion.

关键词： cerebral perfusion electronic

Impact of Zika virus non-structural protein mutations on hippocampal damage

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2307-2308页

作者： Larissa M.g.Cassiano Roney S.Coimbra Neurogenômica/Imunopatologia Instituto RenéRachouFiocruzBelo HorizonteBrazil Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia Instituto de Ciências BiológicasUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteBrazil

The Zika virus(ZIKV),a member of the Flaviviridae family,attracted worldwide attention for its connection to severe neurological effects,notably microcephaly in newborns,first reported during the 2015 epidemic in ***,its impact goes beyond fetal and neonatal abnormalities,also affecting the central nervous system(CNS)in both children and adults,leading to enduring cognitive and behavioral impairments.

关键词： damage fetal neonatal

Model-based optimization of adaptive external counterpulsation therapy

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International Journal of Modeling, Simulation, and Scientific Computing 2016年第2期7卷 208-226页

作者： Soren weyer Hannes Weber Christian Kleeberg Steffen Leonhardt Daniel Teichmann Chair for Medical Information Technology Helmholtz Institute RWTH Aachen University Pauwelsstr.20AachenGermany tic Medizintechnik gmbH&Co.Kg Endelner Feld 9 DorstenGermany

External counterpulsation therapy(ECP)is a non-invasive method to assist the circulatory *** main principle of ECP is to initiate a diastolic pulse wave in the arterial system by squeezing the inner leg *** and low veins are compressed due to muscle contractions,which are triggered by functional electrical stimulation(FES).In this work,a new trigger method for the stimulation is *** flow is determined by measuring the pulsatile change of conductivity in the observed segment by impedance *** proposed“adaptive stimulation”allows the automatic adjustment of the start and duration of the stimulation to improve transport of venous *** this purpose,a mathematical circulation model was developed for optimization of the adaptive functional electrical *** model takes into account the effects of gravity,muscle pump with or without FES,and venous *** model was shown to have a behavior similar to that of clinical *** simulation showed a flow enhancement of up to 14%and,furthermore,that the start of the stimulation is less important than the duration of each stimulation ***,an adaptation of the heart rate seems necessary,as the expulsion and refill times must remain relatively constant for an optimal pumping *** a practical approach,it is reasonable to adapt the duration of stimulation to 56%of the cardiac cycle in order to reach a maximum flow.

关键词： Optimization circulation model vein pump activation functional electrical stimulation

Case study approach to modeling historical disinfection by-product exposure in Iowa drinking waters

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第8期29卷 183-190页

作者： Stuart W.Krasner Kenneth P.Cantor Peter J.weyer Mariana Hildesheim gary Amy Metropolitan Water District of Southern California Water Quality La Verne CA 91750 USA National Cancer Institute National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD 20892 USA Center for Health Effects of Environmental Contamination(CHEEC) University of Iowa Coralville IA 52242 USA Medical Research Solutions LLC Montgomery Village MD 20886 USA College of Engineering Computing and Applied SciencesClemson University Clemson SC 29631 USA

In the 1980 s, a case–control epidemiologic study was conducted in Iowa（USA） to analyze the association between exposure to disinfection by-products（DBPs） and bladder cancer risk. Trihalomethanes（THMs）, the most commonly measured and dominant class of DBPs in drinking water, served as a primary metric and surrogate for the full DBP *** THM exposure was calculated, based on rough estimates of past levels in Iowa. To reduce misclassification, a follow-up study was undertaken to improve estimates of past THM levels and to re-evaluate their association with cancer risk. In addition, the risk associated with haloacetic acids, another class of DBPs, was examined. In the original analysis, surface water treatment plants were assigned one of two possible THM levels depending on the point of chlorination. The re-assessment considered each utility treating surface or groundwater on a case-by-case basis. Multiple treatment/disinfection scenarios and water quality parameters were considered with actual DBP measurements to develop estimates of past levels. The highest annual average THM level in the re-analysis was156 μg/L compared to 74 μg/L for the original analysis. This allowed the analysis of subjects exposed at higher levels（〉 96 μg/L）. The re-analysis established a new approach, based on case studies and an understanding of the water quality and operational parameters that impact DBP formation, for determining historical exposure.

关键词： Disinfection by-products Trihalomethanes Haloacetic acids Exposure assessment Epidemiology Bladder cancer

Acute oral toxicity of zinc phosphide:an assessment for wild house mice(Mus musculus)

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Integrative Zoology 2023年第1期18卷 63-75页

作者： Lyn A.HINDS Steve HENRY Nikki VAN DE weyer Freya ROBINSON Wendy A.RUSCOE Peter R.BROWN CSIRO Health&Biosecurity Clunies Ross StreetCanberraACTAustralia

Irregular plagues of house mice,Mus musculus,incur major economic impacts on agricultural production in *** efﬁcacy of zinc phosphide(ZnP),the only registered broadacre control agent for mice,is reported as increasingly *** mice become less sensitive over time or are they taking a sub-lethal dose and develop-ing aversion?In this laboratory study,the sensitivity of mice(wild caught;outbred laboratory strain)was assessed using oral gavage of a range of ZnP *** estimated LD50 values(72–79 mg ZnP/kg body weight)were similar for each mouse group but are signiﬁcantly higher than previously *** willingness of mice to consume ZnP-coated grains was ***-coated grains(50 g ZnP/kg grain)presented in the absence of alternative food were consumed and 94%of wild mice *** provided with alternative food and ZnP-coated wheat grains(either 25 or 50 g ZnP/kg grain)consumed toxic and non-toxic grains,and mortality was lower(33–55%).If a sublethal amount of ZnP-coated grain was consumed,aversion occurred,mostly when alternative food was *** sensitivity of wild house mice to ZnP in Australia is signiﬁcantly lower than previously *** laboratory conditions,ZnP-coated grains coated with a new higher dose(50 g ZnP/kg grain)were readily *** of toxic grain occurred when alternative food was available but was *** unambiguousﬁndings for house mice indicate a re-assessment of the ZnP loading for baits used for control of many rodents around the world may be warranted.

关键词： acute rodenticide aversion efﬁcacy LD50

Present status and future directions:Apexification

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World Journal of Methodology 2025年第1期15卷 26-32页

作者： Sachin Chauhan Radha Chauhan Prashant Bhasin Bhavna g Sharaf Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics Sudha Rustagi College of Dental Sciences and ResearchFaridabad 121002HaryanaIndia Department of Prosthodontics and Crown and Bridge and Oral Implantology Mahatma Gandhi Dental College&HospitalJaipur 302022RajasthanIndia Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry Sudha Rustagi College of Dental Sciences and ResearchFaridabad 121002HaryanaIndia

The success rate of apexification is primarily determined by multiple factors,including the material used,the size of the open apex compared to the length of the root,and the technique used in each *** main objective of this review was to provide an update on the present management of open apex to identify factors and circumstances that may influence the success of apexification using different materials and *** research on apexification should focus on how to treat open apices with wide periapical lesions without ***,the predictability of these parameters with non-surgical procedures was uncertain,but now,with the use of a dental operating microscope,it has become more *** reason could be that extra visits are no longer required due to major advances in the armamentarium and materials used for apexification.

关键词： Bioceramics Magnification Biodentine Mineral trioxide aggregate Apexification Open apex

Advancement in utilization of magnetic resonance imaging and biomarkers in the understanding of schizophrenia

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2025年第1期13卷 11-15页

作者： Aidan K Tirpack Danyaal g Buttar Mandeep Kaur Department of Psychiatry Campbell University School of Osteopathic MedicineBuies CreekNC 27506United States Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health Mercyhealth Hospital and Trauma CenterJanesvilleWI 53548United States

Historically,psychiatric diagnoses have been made based on patient’s reported symptoms applying the criteria from diagnostic and statistical manual of mental *** utilization of neuroimaging or biomarkers to make the diagnosis and manage psychiatric disorders remains a distant *** have been several studies that examine brain imaging in psychiatric disorders,but more work is needed to elucidate the complexities of the human *** this editorial,we examine two articles by Xu et al and Stoyanov et al,that show developments in the direction of using neuroimaging to examine the brains of people with schizo-phrenia and *** et al used magnetic resonance imaging to examine the brain structure of patients with schizophrenia,in addition to examining neurotransmitter levels as *** et al used functional magnetic resonance imaging to look at modulation of different neural circuits by diagnostic-specific scales in patients with schizophrenia and *** two studies provide crucial evidence in advancing our understanding of the brain in prevalent psychiatric disorders.

关键词： Schizophrenia Magnetic resonance imaging Biomarkers Neurotransmitters Psychiatric disorders