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Sisyphus effects in hydrogen electrochemistry on metal silicides enabled by silicene subunit edge

Science Bulletin 2019年第9期64卷 617-624页

作者： Zechao Zhuang Yong Li Jiazhao Huang Zilan Li Kangning Zhao Yunlong Zhao Lin Xu Liang Zhou Lyudmila v. Moskaleva Liqiang Mai State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing International School of Materials Science and EngineeringWuhan University of Technology Institute of Applied and Physical Chemistry and Center for Environmental Research and Sustainable Technology University of Bremen Advanced Technology Institute University of Surrey Department of Chemistry University of the Free State

Nonmetal elements strictly govern the electrochemical performance of molybdenum ***,the exact role played by nonmetals during electrocatalysis remains largely *** intermetallic MoSi_2comprising silicene subunits,we present an unprecedented hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)behavior in aqueous alkaline *** continuous operation,the HER activity of MoSi_2shows a more than one order of magnitude improvement in current density from 1.1 to 21.5 mA cm^(à2)at 0.4 v ***,this activation behavior is highly reversible,such that voltage withdrawal leads to catalyst inactivation but another operation causes ***,the system shows dynamics strikingly analogous to the legendary Sisyphus’labor,which drops and recovers in a stepwise manner repeatedly,but never succeeds in reaching the top of the *** WSi_2behaves almost the same as MoSi_2,whereas other metal silicides with silicyne subunits,including CrSi_2and TaSi_2,do not exhibit any anomalous behavior.A thin amorphous shell of MoSi_2is observed after reaction,within which the Si remains partially oxidized while the oxidation state of Mo is basically ***-principles calculations further reveal that the adsorption of hydroxide ions on silicene subunit edges and the subsequent Si vacancy formation in MoSi_2jointly lead to the anomalous HER kinetics of the adjacent Mo active *** work demonstrates that the role of nonmetal varies dramatically with the electronic and crystallographic structures of silicides and that silicene structural subunit may serve as a promoter for boosting HER in alkaline media.

关键词： Sisyphus effect Electrochemistry Metal silicides Silicene subunit Hydrogen evolution reaction

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From Bench to the Clinic: The Path to Translation of Nanotechnology-Enabled mRNA SARS-Cov-2 vaccines

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Nano-Micro Letters 2022年第3期14卷 1-31页

作者： Diana O.Lopez‑Cantu Xichi Wang Hector Carrasco‑Magallanes Samson Afewerki Xingcai Zhang Joseph v.Bonventre guillermo U.Ruiz‑Esparza Division of Engineering in Medicine Department of MedicineBrigham and Women’s HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115USA Division of Health Sciences and Technology Harvard University-Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyBostonMA 02115USA Division of Renal Medicine Department of MedicineBrigham and Women’s HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115USA Tecnologico de Monterrey School of Engineering and Sciences64849 MonterreyNLMexico Department of Cardiovascular Surgery Union HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430022People’s Republic of China Harvard T.H.Chan School of Public Health BostonMA 02115USA Tecnologico de Monterrey School of Medicine and Health Sciences64849 MonterreyNLMexico John A.Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard UniversityCambridgeMA 02138USA School of Engineering Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA 02139USA

During the last decades,the use of nanotechnology in med icine has effectively been translated to the design of drug delivery systems,nanostructured tissues,diagnostic platforms,and novel nanomaterials against several human diseases and infectious ***-enabled vaccines have been positioned as solutions to mitigate the pandemic outbreak caused by the novel pathogen severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus *** fast-track the development of vaccines,unprecedented industrial and academic collaborations emerged around the world,resulting in the clinical translation of effective vaccines in less than one *** this article,we provide an overview of the path to translation from the bench to the clinic of nanotechnology-enabled messenger ribonucleic acid vaccines and examine in detail the types of delivery systems used,their mechanisms of action,obtained results during each phase of their clinical development and their regulatory approval *** also analyze how nanotechnology is impacting global health and economy during the COvID-19 pandemic and beyond.

关键词： Nanovaccines mRNA Coronavirus SARS-Cov-2 COvID-19

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Effects of inclusion of purple prairie clover (Dalea purpurea vent.)with native coolseason grasses on in vitro fermentation and in situ digestibility of mixed forages

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2020年第2期11卷 563-576页

作者： Kai Peng gemma L.gresham Tim A.McAllister Zhongjun Xu Alan Iwaasa Mike Schellenberg Alex v.Chaves Yuxi Wang Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science(South China)of Ministry of Agriculture Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and NutritionInstitute of Animal ScienceGuangdong Academy of Agricultural ScienceGuangzhou 510640People’s Republic of China Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Lethbridge Research and Development CentreLethbridgeAB T1J 4B1Canada School of Life and Environmental Sciences The University of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Swift Current Research and Development CentreSwift CurrentSK S9H 3X2Canada

Background:Incorporation of legume species into native North American pastures is considered an effective method to increase native pasture productivity and improve the nutritive value of *** study evaluated the effects of inclusion of purple prairie clover(PPC,Dalea purpurea vent.),a native legume forage,with native coolseason grasses on the in vitro fermentation and in situ digestibility of mixed ***:Whole plant PPC and mixtures of cool-season grasses were harvested when the PPC reached the vegetative(vEg),full flower(FL)and seedpod(SP)stages,and were combined in ratios(DM basis)of 0:100,25:75,50:50,75:25 and 100:0 at each *** vitro ruminal incubations using these mixtures were conducted for 48 h to determine gas production(gP),in vitro DM disappearance(IvDMD),total volatile fatty acids(vFA)and ammonia-N *** of forages harvested when the PPC reached the FL stage and 50:50 mixture of forages harvested at vEg,FL and SP stages were incubated in the rumen of three heifers for 0,2,6,12,24,48,72 and 96 h to determine in situ degradabilities of DM,neutral detergent fibre(aNDF)and crude protein(CP).Results:Contents of aNDF and ADF increased(PvEg>SP(Pgardless of PPC proportions in the mixture,gP decreased(Pg PPC *** PPC proportions linearly increased(PgP,IvDMD and total vFA at vEg,but linearly decreased(Pg proportions of PPC and the concentration was higher(PvEg than at FL and SP *** proportion of PPC at either maturity linearly increased(Pge of acetate(A)and branched-chain vFA,but linearly decreased(Pge of propionate(P),resulting in a linearly increase(P<0.001)in the A:P *** FL PP

关键词： Condensed tannins Cool-season grass In vitro fermentation In situ digestibility Purple prairie clover

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Bose-Einstein Condensates and Atomic and Electron Lasers Including Atomic Laser in the self-Consistent gravitation Field

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2022年第9期10卷 2581-2603页

作者： Boris v. Alexeev Russian State Technological University Moscow Russia

The problem of an adequate description of the wave processes in Bose-Einstein condensates (CBE), including space-temporal evolution of CBE in the electron CBE condensate in the self-consistent electrical field and CBE atomic condensate in the self-consistent gravitational field is considered. The complete nonlocal system for the CBE evolution is delivered including particular case and analytical solutions.

关键词： Nonlocal Physics Transport Wave Processes in Bose-Einstein Condensate Bose-Einstein Condensate Lasers

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Cherenkov radiation from electrons passing through human tissue

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2017年第1期10卷 94-98页

作者： Pavel Lukin Izmail Batkin Alexandr N.Almaliev Tatyana A.Churakova Mikhail A.Dolgopolov Igor v.Kopytin Department of Physics Voronezh State University 1 Universitetskaya Sq.Voronezh 394000Russia School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Ottawa 800 King Edward A venue OttawaON CanadaK1N 6N5

A method for investigating the optical properties of human tissues is *** method is based on the measurement of Cherenkov radiation produced by relativistic electrons passing through the ***-Carlo simulation of visible photon emission and propagation is carried out taking into account multiple electron and photon scattering *** of the Cherenkov radiation to the optical characteristics of human tissues is demonstrated.

关键词： Coherent radiation human tissue optics multiple scattering.

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Liposome mediated drug delivery for leukocyte adhesion deficieny I （LAD I）： Targeting the mutated gene ITgB2 and expression of CD18 protein

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Frontiers in Biology 2014年第1期9卷 1-4页

作者： C. Subathra DEvI Kritika KEDARINATH Payal CHOUDHARY vishakha TYAgI Mohanasrinivasan. v School of Biosciences and Technology VIT University Vellore 632014 Tamil Nadu India

Leukocyte adhesion deficiency （LAD） I is a disorder caused due to mutations in a gene （ITgB2） located on chromosome 21 and encodes the β2 subunit of the leukocyte integrin molecules. This leads to defects in the adhesion of leukocytes on endothelial cells which further leads to recurrent microbial infections due to a decrease in the immune response. Base Excision Repair Mechanism （BER） is instrumental in repairing damaged DNA by removing mutated/ damaged bases. We have proposed a hypothesis for the treatment of LAD I by making use of the proteins/enzyme complexes responsible for base excision repair mechanism be introduced into the leukocytes via liposomes. This will target the mutated gene in the leukocytes （mostly neutrophils） and DNA repair will occur. The liposomes can be introduced into the patients via intravenous methods.

关键词： CDI8 β-integrin LAD I liposome BER ITgB2

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Pv EFFECT OF FULLERENE/POLY(3-HEXYLTHIOPHENE)BLEND SENSITIZED BY PHTHALOCYANINE HAvINg INFRARED ABSORPTION CT BAND

PV EFFECT OF FULLERENE/POLY(3-HEXYLTHIOPHENE)BLEND SENSITIZE...

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2007世界太阳能大会：太阳能与人类居住

作者： I.Kaulachs I.Muzikante L.gerca g.Shlihta M.Plotniece M.Roze J.Kalnachs A.Murashov P.Shipkovs g.Kashkarova v.Kampars v.Parra Institute of Physical Energetics 21 Aizkraukles Str. Riga LV-1006LATVIA Institute of Solid State Physics University of Latvia8 Kengaraga Str.Riga LV-1063 Riga Technical University 14 Azenes Str.Riga LV-1048LATVIA ITODYS-CNRS Université Paris Diterot-Paris 7France

An attempt was made to extend the photosensitivity spectral range of fullerene/poly(3-hexylthiophene) blend to NIR region by adding extra electron donor- hydroxygallium phthalocyanine (gaOHPc) with a strong and wide intermolecular charge transfer (CT) band around 830 *** cells of ITO/PEDOT:PSS/6 gaOHPc/P3HT:C(COEt) have been prepared by spin coating with vacuum evaporated Al or In top electrodes. Significant photosensitivity of the cells was in 370-900 nm spectral *** charge carder photogeneration efficiency was 3 times higher for illumination in P3HT absorption band as compared with the gaOHPc CT band at 830 *** when gaOHPc was mixed in the blend forming P3HT:C(COEt):gaOHPc active layer its CT band shifted to infrared part at 875 *** the same time the charge carrier photogeneration efficiency for illumination in gaOHPc CT band increased significantly, exceeding its value for illumination in P3HT absorption band.

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Reduced bone mineral density and altered bone turnover markers in patients with non-cirrhotic chronic hepatitis B or C infection

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2005年第12期11卷 1843-1847页

作者： Ingolf Schiefke Andreas Fach Marcus Wiedmann Andreas v.Aretin Eva Schenker gudrun Borte Manfred Wiese Joachim Moessner Department Department of Radiology Department of Internal Medicine Ⅱ

AIM: Previous studies suggest that loss of bone mineral density (BMD) frequently occurs in patients with chronic viral liver disease, presenting with histologically proven liver cirrhosis. However, little is known about the occurrence of bone disease in non-cirrhotic patients with chronic hepatitis B or C. Therefore, it was the aim of this study to evaluate this particular population for BMD and bone turnover markers. METHODS: Biochemical markers of bone turnover and BMD were measured in 43 consecutive patients with HCv (n = 30) or HBv (n = 13) infection without histological evidence for liver cirrhosis. Mean age was 49 years (range 26-77 years). BMD was measured by dual X-ray absorptiometry in the femoral neck (FN) and the lumbar spine (LS) region. In addition, bone metabolism markers were measured. RESULTS: BMD was lowered in 25 (58%) of the patients with chronic hepatitis B or C (FN; 0.76 (0.53-0.99); LS: 0.96 (0.62-1.23) g/cm2). Eight (32%) osteopenic patients were diagnosed with osteoporosis. Bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (P= 0.005) and intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) (P = 0.001) were significantly elevated in the more advanced stages of fibrosis. Mean T-score value was lower in patients with chronic hepatitis C as compared to patients suffering from chronic hepatitis B; however, the difference was not statistically significant (P= 0.09). CONCLUSION: There was a significantly reduced BMD in non-cirrhotic patients with chronic hepatitis B or C infection. Alterations of bone metabolism already occurred in advanced liver fibrosis without cirrhosis. According to our results, these secondary effects of chronic viral hepatitis should be further investigated.

关键词： Bone density Chronic viral hepatitis Non cirrhotic patients

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Effect of Camphor Sulfonic Acid Doping on Structural, Morphological, Optical and Electrical Transport Properties on Polyaniline-ZnO Nanocomposites

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Soft Nanoscience Letters 2012年第3期2卷 46-53页

作者： S. L. Patil M. A. Chougule S. g. Pawar Shashwati Sen v. B. Patil Crystal Technology Section Technical Physics Division BARC Mumbai (MS) India Materials Research Laboratory School of Physical Sciences Solapur University Solapur (MS) India

In the present work, we report on effect of camphor sulfonic acid (CSA) doping on polyaniline-ZnO (50%) nanocomposites prepared by spin coating method on glass substrates. The XRD analysis revealed that the addition of CSA has no effect on crystallinity of PANi-ZnO nanocomposites. Surface morphological studies (SEM) showed that CSA has a strong effect on morphology of PANi-ZnO. The FTIR & Uv-vis spectroscopy confirmed the interaction between CSA and PANi-ZnO nanocomposite. DC electrical conductivity studies showed an increase in conductivity of PANi-ZnO nanocomposites by one order due to addition of CSA (10% - 50%).

关键词： Polyaniline Zinc Oxide XRD SEM FTIR Uv-vis

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Nasopharyngeal colonization of otopathogens in South Indian children with acuteotitis media -- A case control pilot study

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Journal of Otology 2021年第4期16卷 220-224页

作者： M.Napolean v.Rosemol M.John A.M.varghese J.Periyasamy v.Balaji P.Naina Department of ENT Christian Medical CollegeVelloreTamil NaduIndia Department of Clinical Microbiology Christian Medical CollegeVelloreIndia

Background: Acute otitis media (AOM) is an inflammatory disease of the middle ear causing significantmorbidity in early childhood. A pilot study was undertaken to identify the role of various risk factorsSouth Indian children with AOM, especially the role of nasopharyngeal ***: A prospective case control pilot study was conducted in children aged below six years,presenting to a single tertiary care from 2018 to 2019. Fifty cases with AOM and 45 age and gendermatched controls were recruited. Two nasopharyngeal swabs were collected, one was processed forbacterial culture. The other swab was processed according to the CDC recommended broth enrichmentmethod to identify carriage of S. pneumoniae. Subsequent serotyping was done by Quellung method andconventional sequential multiplex ***: Otalgia was the major presentation seen in 92% of the children with AOM. None of the clinical anddemographic characteristics were found to be statistically significant between the cases and controls. Themost common otopathogen was S. pneumoniae (55%) followed by H. influenza (29%). The commonS. pneumoniae serotypes encountered were 11A and *** colonization with S. pneumoniae[OR 6.57, p gnificant risk factors for AOM inchildren. The risk increased with co-colonization (OR 13.89,p gthens the significant association between nasopharyngeal colonization ofotopathogens and AOM as a risk factor that is enhanced by co-colonization.S. pneumoniae was the mainotopathogen in this population, serotypes 11A and 19F being the most common.

关键词： Acute otitis media Nasopharyngeal Otopathogens Case control study Streptococcus pneumoniae Haemophilus influenzae Moraxella catarrhalis Staphylococcus aureus

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