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Non-small cell lung carcinoma(NSCLC):Implications on molecular pathology and advances in early diagnostics and therapeutics

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genes & Diseases 2023年第3期10卷 960-989页

作者： Hafiza padinharayil Jinsu Varghese Mithun Chacko John golgodu Krishnamurthy Rajanikant Cornelia M.wilson Minnatallah Al-Yozbaki Kaviyarasi Renu Saikat Dewanjee Rupa Sanyal Abhijit Dey Anirban goutam Mukherjee Uddesh Ramesh Wanjari Abilash Valsala gopalakrishnan Alex george Jubilee Centre for Medical Research Jubilee Mission Medical College and Research InstituteThrissurKerala 680005India pg&Research Department of Zoology St.Thomas CollegeKozhencheryPathanamthittaKerala 689641India Department of Medical Oncology Jubilee Mission Medical College and Research InstituteThrissurKerala 680005India School of Biotechnology National Institute of TechnologyCalicutKerala 673601India Canterbury Christ Church University Natural Applied SciencesLife Sciences Industry Liaison LabDiscovery ParkSandwich CT139FFUnited Kingdom Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics(COMManD) Department of BiochemistrySaveetha Dental College&HospitalsSaveetha Institute of Medical and Technical SciencesSaveetha UniversityChennaiTamil Nadu 600077India Department of pharmaceutical Technology Jadavpur UniversityKolkataWest Bengal 700032India Department of Botany Bhairab Ganguly CollegeFeeder RoadBelghoriaKolkataWest Bengal 700056India Department of Life Sciences Presidency UniversityKolkataWest Bengal 700073India Department of Biomedical Sciences School of Bio-Sciences and TechnologyVellore Institute of Technology(VIT)VelloreTamil Nadu 632014India

Continuous revision of the histologic and stage-wise classification of lung cancer by the World Health Organization (WHO) provides the foundation for therapeutic advances by promoting molecular targeted and immunotherapies and ensuring accurate diagnosis. Cancer epidemiologic data provide helpful information for cancer prevention, diagnosis, and management, supporting health-care interventions. global cancer mortality projections from 2016 to 2060 show that cancer will overtake ischemic heart diseases (IHD) as the leading cause of death (18.9 million) immediately after 2030, surpassing non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which accounts for 85 percent of lung cancers. The clinical stage at the diagnosis is the main prognostic factor in NSCLC therapies. Advanced early diagnostic methods are essential as the initial stages of cancer show reduced mortality compared to the advanced stages. Sophisticated approaches to proper histological classification and NSCLC management have improved clinical efficiency. Although immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and targeted molecular therapies have refined the therapeutic management of late-stage NSCLC, the specificity and sensitivity of cancer biomarkers should be improved by focusing on prospective studies, followed by their use as therapeutic tools. The liquid biopsy candidates such as circulating tumor cells (CTCs), circulating cell-free tumor DNA (cfDNA), tumor educated platelets (TEp), and extracellular vesicles (EVs) possess cancer-derived biomolecules and aid in tracing: driver mutations leading to cancer, acquired resistance caused by various generations of therapeutic agents, refractory disease, prognosis, and surveillance.

关键词： Biomarker Clinical trial Epidemiology Histology Liquid biopsy NSCLC Targeted therapy

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A Low Frequency Vector Fast Multipole Algorithm with Vector Addition Theorem

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Communications in Computational physics 2010年第10期8卷 1183-1207页

作者： Yang g.Liu Weng Cho Chew Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The University of Hong KongPokfulam RoadHong Kong Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The University of Hong KongPokfulam RoadHong Kong.On Leave of Absence from the University of IllinoisUrbana-Champaign

In the low-frequency fast multipole algorithm(LF-FMA)[19,20],scalar addition theorem has been used to factorize the scalar green’s *** of this traditional factorization of the scalar green’s function by using scalar addition theorem,we adopt the vector addition theorem for the factorization of the dyadic green’s function to realize memory *** are to validate this factorization and use it to develop a low-frequency vector fast multipole algorithm(LF-VFMA)for lowfrequency *** the calculation of non-near neighbor interactions,the storage of translators in the method is larger than that in the LF-FMA with scalar addition *** it is independent of the number of ***,the storage of radiation and receiving patterns is linearly dependent on the number of *** it is worthwhile for large scale problems to reduce the storage of this *** this method,the storage of radiation and receiving patterns can be reduced by 25 percent compared with the LF-FMA.

关键词： LF-VFMA electromagnetics low frequency loop-tree basis memory saving surface integral equation vector addition theorem

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Abnormal Crowd Behavior Detection Using Optimized pyramidal Lucas-Kanade Technique

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第2期35卷 2399-2412页

作者： g.Rajasekaran J.Raja Sekar Department of information technology mepco schlenk engineering collegesivakasi626005india Department of computer science and engineering mepco schlenk engineering collegesivakasi626005india

Abnormal behavior detection is challenging and one of the growing research areas in computer *** main aim of this research work is to focus on panic and escape behavior detections that occur during unexpected/uncertain *** this work,pyramidal Lucas Kanade algorithm is optimized using EME-HOs to achieve the *** stage,OpLKT-EMEHOs algorithm is used to generate the opticalﬂow from *** stage,the MIIs opticalﬂow is applied as input to 3 layer CNN for detect the abnormal crowd *** of Minnesota(UMN)dataset is used to evaluate the proposed *** experi-mental result shows that the proposed method provides better classiﬁcation accu-racy by comparing with the existing *** method provides 95.78%of precision,90.67%of recall,93.09%of f-measure and accuracy with 91.67%.

关键词： Crowd behavior analysis anomaly detection Motion Information

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Micro-scale Abrasion and Medium Load Multiple Scratch Tests of pVD Coatings

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材料热处理学报 2004年第5B期25卷 1199-1202页

作者： S. poulat D.g Teer Teer Coatings Ltd Droitwich Worcestershire.U.K.Teer Coatings Ltd Droitwich Worcestershire.U.K.

Micro-scale abrasion testing is widely used to determine the abrasion resistance of thin film coatings; it is a simple technique that can easily be used as part of a quality control procedure, but it has got the disadvantage of not allowing an easy study of the wear mechanisms involved: it is difficult to estimate the load applied on each abrasive particles in the contact between the loaded ball and the specimen. The possibility of using progressive loading scratch testing, a method widely used to assess the adhesion of thin film coatings, to model the abrasive wear of coatings has been studied in the past; the use of multiple scratch tests to study the wear mechanisms corresponding to a single abrasion scratch event has also been studied in the case of bulk materials (ceramics and hard metals). Two coatings, deposited by Closed Field Unbalanced Magnetron Sputter Ion plating (CFUBMSIp) on ASp23 powder metallurgy steel substrate are chosen to be representative of the use of protective coatings in industry: titanium nitride, which is widely used to prevent tool wear, and TCL graphit-iC?, which is widely used as a wear resistant solid lubricant coating. The two coatings are first characterised by using a standard quality control procedure: their thickness is determined by the cap grinding method, their adhesion by progressive loading scratch. Then micro-scale abrasion tests performed with a slurry at a concentration which promotes grooving wear, and medium load multiple scratch tests performed with diamond indenters are completed; the results of these tests are analysed and compared to determine if there is any correlation between the two sets of results; the multiple scratch tests wear tracks are also observed to determine the wear mechanisms involved.

关键词：微量磨损乱痕硬度试验 pVD 薄膜涂层

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A mathematical model for the evolution of solute concentrations in a hemodialysis filter

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2018年第1期11卷 337-348页

作者： A. Fasano g. guarnieri A. Farina Dipartimento di Matematica e Informatica "U. Dini" Universita degli Studi di Firenze Firenze Italy

We consider the process of hemodialysis performed by means of a hollow fiber dialyzer with a special focus on the dynamics of the light solutes （including metabolic waste products） through the porous fibers membrane. The model we illustrate here completes the one formulated in a previous paper in which solutes concentrations in the dialyzate were neglected. Exploiting the large difference between the characteristic time of the processes in the machine and the relaxation time to equilibrium in the body, we confine our study to the case of constant input data in order to emphasize the role of the solute transport mechanisms. Numerical solutions show that diffusion is dominant at the early stage of filtration.

关键词： Hemodialysis solute concentration upscaling.

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people’s perception and socioeconomic determinants of soil erosion:A case study of Samanalawewa watershed, Sri Lanka

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2010年第4期25卷 323-339页

作者： E.p.N. UDAYAKUMARA R.p.SHRESTHA L.SAMARAKOON D.SCHMIDT-VOgT Natural Resource Management Field of Study School of Environment Resources and Development Asian Institute of Technology Natural Resources Management Field of Study School of Environment Resources and Development Asian Institute of Technology geoinformatics Centre Asian Institute of Technology Centre of Mountain Ecosystem Studies Kunming Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences 3/F Library Building Heilongtan

Though soil erosion is an important concern in Sri Lanka, there is a dearth of baseline information on soil erosion in many ofits watersheds, which obstructs monitoring of soil erosion and mitigating its effects. In order to assess soil erosion in a critical watershed and to identify its determinants, the Samanalawewa watershed, which contains one of the main hydropower generating reservoirs in Sri Lanka, was selected for this study. Remote-sensing (RS) and geographic information system (gIS) based modeling as well as field experiments were employed to assess and map soil erosion rates. Results indicated that the current rate of soil erosion ranges from 0 to 289 t/ha/yr, and that the average rate of soil erosion has been declining from 20 to 4 t/ha/yr over a period from 1986 to 2008. The current rate of soil erosion is, however, still about 14 to 33 times greater than the natural soil generation rate. Socioeconomic factors and peoples’ perception of soil erosion and soil conservation measures were examined using data collected through a household survey. Multiple regression analysis with eighteen covariates of socioeconomic characteristics yielded eleven socioeconomic variables, viz. household size, farm labor, education, land tenure, conservation cost, training, committee membership, professional competencies, income, distance, and financial capital as the predictor variables of soil erosion. Farmers identified improper soil and crop management practices as the major causes of erosion. The adoption of conservation measures, their effectiveness, and their impact on ecosystem services were also examined.

关键词： Soil erosion people perception Determinants of soil erosion Conservation measures Sri Lanka

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Speckle Noise Suppression in Ultrasound Images Using Modular Neural Networks

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第2期35卷 1753-1765页

作者： g.Karthiha Dr.S.Allwin Department of CSE Infant Jesus College of EngineeringAnna UniversityTuticorin628251India

In spite of the advancement in computerized imaging,many image modalities produce images with commotion inﬂuencing both the visual quality and upsetting quantitative image *** this way,the research in the zone of image denoising is very *** an extraordinary assortment of image restoration and denoising techniques the neural network system-based noise sup-pression is a basic and productive *** this paper,Bilateral Filter(BF)based Modular Neural Networks(MNN)has been utilized for speckle noise sup-pression in the ultrasound *** step the BFﬁlter is used toﬁlter the input *** the output of BF,statistical features such as mean,standard devia-tion,median and kurtosis have been extracted and these features are used to train the ***,theﬁltered images from the BF are again denoised using *** ultrasound dataset from the Kaggle site is used for the training and testing *** simulation outcomes demonstrate that the BF-MNNﬁltering method performs better for the multiplicative noise concealment in UltraSound(US)*** the simulation results,it has been observed that BF-MNN performs better than the existing techniques in terms of peak signal to noise ratio(34.89),Structural Similarity Index(0.89)and Edge preservation Index(0.67).

关键词： Speckle noise bilateralﬁlter ultra-sound image MNN kurtosis

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Secondary endoresection for previously treated choroidal melanomas with a non-responsive course and persistent exudative retinal detachment

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2022年第2期15卷 276-283页

作者： Ahmet Kaan gündüz Ibadulla Mirzayev Department of Ophthalmology Ankara University Faculty of MedicineAnkara 06590Turkey private Eye Clinic Ankara 06590Turkey Department of Ophthalmology Dünyagoz HospitalAnkara 06540Turkey

AIM:To evaluate the results and complications of secondary endoresection via pars plana vitrectomy for choroidal melanoma and review the previously reported endoresection studies on the treatment of choroidal ***:The medical records of 6 patients with choroidal melanoma who underwent secondary endoresection between March 2012 and March 2020 were retrospectively *** indications for secondary endoresection were progressive or recurrent tumor and severe exudative retinal detachment after previous treatment with plaque radiotherapy/Cyberknife radiosurgery/transpupillary thermotherapy(TTT).RESULTS:Before endoresection,2 eyes had Iodine-125 plaque radiotherapy and TTT,1 eye had Ruthenium-106 plaque radiotherapy and TTT,1 eye had Cyberknife radiosurgery and TTT,1 eye had Cyberknife radiosurgery,and 1 eye had TTT *** visual acuity ranged from 20/63 to 20/1600(Snellen) and from 0.5 to 1.9(mean:1.1) on the log MAR *** mean tumor base diameters were 9.5×8.7 mm and the mean tumor thickness was 5.4 *** secondary endoresection,transient vitreous hemorrhage developed in 2(33.3%) eyes and retinal detachment in 1(16.7%) *** examination revealed epithelioid cell melanoma in 4(66.7%) eyes and mixed cell melanoma in 1(16.7%).Melanoma cell type was not specified in 1(16.7%) *** a mean follow-up of 49.6 mo(range:16-90 mo),mean visual acuity did not improve and 1 eye was enucleated due to tumor *** visual acuity ranged from 20/63 to 20/1600(Snellen) and from 0.5 to 1.9(mean:1.2) on the log MAR *** patients with choroidal melanoma developed metastasis and eventually ***:Secondary endoresection seems to be an effective treatment option for globe salvage in choroidal melanoma not responsive to conventional treatment and displaying persistent exudative retinal *** was no visual acuity increase among the treated eyes but globe salvage was possible in most cases in this study.

关键词： endoresection choroidal melanoma metastasis pars plana vitrectomy recurrence

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Status and accuracy of the Monte Carlo generators for luminosity measurements

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Chinese physics C 2010年第6期34卷 883-888页

作者： g.Montagna g.Balossini C.Bignamini C.M.Carloni Calame O.Nicrosini F.piccinini Dipartimento di Fisica Nucleare e Teorica Università di Pavia Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare School of physics & Astronomy University of Southampton

The status and accuracy of the precision Monte Carlo generators used for luminosity measurements at flavour factories is reviewed. It is shown that, thanks to a considerable, long-term effort in tuned comparisons between the predictions of independent programs, as well as in the validation of the generators against the presently available calculations of the next-to-next-to-leading order QED corrections to Bhabha scattering, the theoretical accuracy reached by the most precise tools is of about one per mille. This error estimate is valid for realistic experimental cuts, appears to be quite robust and is already sufficient for very accurate luminosity measurements. However, recent progress and possible advances to further improve it are also discussed.

关键词： Luminosity QED Bhabha scattering radiative corrections Monte Carlo NNLO calculations

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Risk of hepatitis B virus reactivation in patients with autoimmune diseases undergoing non-tumor necrosis factor-targeted biologics

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2021年第19期27卷 2312-2324页

作者： Shintaro Akiyama Thomas g Cotter Atsushi Sakuraba Section of gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionDepartment of MedicineUniversity of ChicagoChicagoIL 60637United States

Hepatitis B virus reactivation(HBVr)can occur in patients treated with immunosuppressive *** stratification for HBVr based on hepatitis B virus(HBV)serology and viral load is an important strategy to determine appropriate HBV monitoring and antiviral prophylaxis *** advances in the understanding of pathophysiology of autoimmune diseases have led the development of cytokine-targeted *** necrosis factor(TNF)-αinhibitors have been widely used for patients with inflammatory bowel disease,psoriasis,and rheumatic ***,the clinical benefits of interleukin(IL)-12/23,IL-17,or Janus kinases inhibitors have been demonstrated in these *** is well known that TNF-αinhibitor use can lead to HBVr,however,the risk of HBVr in patients undergoing non-TNF-targeted biologics have not been fully *** this review,we discuss the risk of HBVr in patients treated with non-TNF-targeted biologics,and immunological mechanisms of these medications causing HBVr.

关键词： Hepatitis B virus Autoimmune diseases Biological therapy Interleukin-23 Interleukin-17 Janus kinases

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