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Variation in the Flaring potential of Different Sunspot groups During Different phases of Solar Cycles 23 and 24

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第2期24卷 144-153页

作者： Abha Singh Anurag chaudhari gyaneshwar Sharma A.K.Singh Department of physics T.D.P.G.College Jaunpur-222002India Department of physics Banaras Hindu UniversityVaranasi-221005India

In this present study,we have analyzed different types of X-ray solar flares(C,M,and X classes)coming out from different classes of sunspot groups(SSgs).The data which we have taken under this study cover the duration of 24 yr from 1996 to *** this,we observed a total of 15015 flares(8417 in SC-23 and 6598 in SC-24)emitted from a total of 33780 active regions(21746 in SC-23 and 12034 in SC-24)with sunspot *** defined the flaring potential or flare-production potential as the ratio of the total number of flares produced from a particular type of SSg to the total number of the same-class SSgs observed on the solar *** we studied yearly changes in the flaring potential of different McIntosh class groups of sunspots in different phases of SC-23 and *** addition,we investigated yearly variations in the potential of producing flares by different SSgs(A,B,C,D,E,F,and H)during different phases(ascending,maximum,descending,and minimum)of SC-23 and *** are our findings:(1)D,E,and F SSgs have the potential of producing flares≥8 times greater than A,B,C and H SSgs;(2)The larger and more complex D,E,and F SSgs produced nearly 80%of flares in SC-23 and 24;(3)The A,B,C and H SSgs,which are smaller and simpler,produced only 20%of flares in SC-23 and 24;(4)The biggest and most complex SSgs of F-class have flaring potential 1.996 and 3.443 per SSg in SC-23 and 24,respectively.(5)The potential for producing flares in each SSg is higher in SC-24 than in SC-23,although SC-24 is a weaker cycle than SC-23.(6)The alterations in the number of flares(C+M+X)show different time profiles than the alterations in sunspot numbers during SC-23 and 24,with several peaks.(7)The SSgs of C,D,E,and H-class have the highest flaring potential in the descending phase of both SC-23 and 24.(8)F-class SSgs have the highest flaring potential in the descending phase of SC-23 but also in the maximum phase of SC-24.

关键词： (Sun:)sunspots-Sun flares-Sun activity-Sun magnetic fields-Sun filaments-prominences

Impact of gamete health on fertilization and embryo development: An overview

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Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2022年第5期11卷 201-207页

作者： Chorya Jaypalsinh B Sutaria Tarunkumar V chaudhari Ravjibhai K chaudhari Chandrakant F Department of gynaecology and Obstetrics College of Veterinary Science and Animal HusbandryKamdhenu UniversitySardarkrushinagarGujaratIndia

A genetically and functionally proficient gamete is essential for normal fertilization and embryonic *** change in gamete health affects fertilization and subsequent events,including embryonic development,implantation,and successful *** present review focuses on the role of gamete health on fertilization and embryo *** conventional and advanced methods are used to evaluate the morphology and functions of *** abnormal spermatozoa adversely affect fertilization events,which results in reduced cleavage/blastocyst/implantation and pregnancy rate during assisted reproductive *** oocyte quality is also one of the reasons for infertility,although the oocyte has an innate capacity to repair a certain amount of abnormality of both oocyte and ***,oocyte health carries more responsibilities during fertilization *** gamete,either spermatozoa or oocyte,should have optimum morphological and functional health to fertilize and develop a competent embryo ***,it is of prime importance to consider the gamete health parameters while dealing with infertility.

关键词： Embryo Fertilization gamete Oocyte Sperm

Writing strategies for improving the access of medical literature

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World Journal of Experimental Medicine 2023年第3期13卷 50-58页

作者： pratishtha B chaudhari Akshat Banga Manager Medical Operations Amgen AsiaAmgen Asia Holding Ltd.Tokyo 1070062Japan Sawai Man Singh Medical College Jaipur 302004India

When conducting a literature review,medical authors typically search for relevant keywords in bibliographic databases or on search engines like *** selecting the most pertinent article based on the title’s relevance and the abstract’s content,they download or purchase the article and cite it in their *** major elements influence whether an article will be cited in future manuscripts:the keywords,the title,and the *** indicates that these elements are the“key dissemination tools”for research *** these three elements are not determined judiciously by authors,it may adversely affect the manuscript’s retrievability,readability,and citation index,which can negatively impact both the author and the *** this article,we share our informed perspective on writing strategies to enhance the searchability and citation of medical *** strategies are adopted from the principles of search engine optimization,but they do not aim to cheat or manipulate the search ***,they adopt a reader-centric content writing methodology that targets well-researched keywords to the readers who are searching for *** journals,such as Nature and the British Medical Journal,emphasize“online searchability”in their author *** hope that this article will encourage medical authors to approach manuscript drafting from the perspective of“looking inside-out.”In other words,they should not only draft manuscripts around what they want to convey to fellow researchers but also integrate what the readers want to *** is a call-to-action to better understand and engage search engine algorithms,so they yield information in a desired and self-learning manner because the“Cloud”is the new stakeholder.

关键词： Medical Subject Headings Key words Search engine optimization Access Citation Impact factor

Fundamentals,recent developments and prospects of lithium and non-lithium electrochemical rechargeable battery systems

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第6期81卷 221-259,I0007页

作者： Maitri patel Kuldeep Mishra Ranjita Banerjee Jigar chaudhari D.K.Kanchan Deepak Kumar gujarat Technological University AhmedabadGujarat 382424India Electronics and Mechanical Engineering School VadodaraGujarat 390008India Department of physics Jaypee UniversityAnoopshahrUttar Pradesh 203390India C.K.Shah Viapurwala Institute of Management VadodaraGujarat 390001India Vishwakarma government Engineering College AhmedabadGujarat 382424India ITM(SLS) Baroda UniversityPaldiVadodaraGujarat 391510India

The present and future energy requirements of mankind can be fulfilled with sustained research and development efforts by global *** purpose of this review paper is to provide an overview of the fundamentals,recent advancements on Lithium and non-Lithium electrochemical rechargeable battery systems,and their future *** initial part of this review paper is dedicated to the advancement and challenges faced by the conventional rechargeable batteries,such as lead-acid,Ni-Cd and Ni-MH *** subsequent section of this review focuses on an in-depth analysis of two major categories of rechargeable batteries,namely lithium-based rechargeable battery systems and alternative non-Lithium rechargeable battery *** working principle,construction,and a few important research progress on Li-ion,Li-O_(2),Li-CO_(2) and Li-S batteries have been *** recent progress and challenges of the alternate batteries such as Na-ion,Na-S,Mg-ion,K-ion,Al-ion,Al-air,Zn-ion and Zn-air are also discussed in this *** large gap between theoretical and practical electrochemical values for the alternate battery system must be filled by adopting a series of design architectures followed by modern instrumentation for developing next-generation batteries in a sustainable and efficient way.

关键词： Conventional rechargeable batteries Li-ion batteries Li-S batteries Li-air battery Other than Lithium batteries Alternate battery systems

Clinical implications of COVID-19 in patients with metabolicassociated fatty liver disease

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2023年第3期29卷 487-502页

作者： Mohammad Sadiq Jeeyavudeen Rahul chaudhari Joseph M pappachan Sherouk Fouda Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism University Hospitals of EdinburghEdinburgh EH42XUUnited Kingdom Department of gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionVirginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVA 23298United States Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustPreston PR29HTUnited Kingdom Faculty of Science Manchester Metropolitan UniversityManchester M156BHUnited Kingdom Faculty of Biology Medicine and HealthThe University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUnited Kingdom School of Health and Biomedical Sciences RMIT UniversityMelbourne VICAustralia

people across the world are affected by the"coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)",brought on by the"SARS-CoV type-2 coronavirus".Due to its high incidence in individuals with diabetes,metabolic syndrome,and metabolic-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD),COVID-19 has gained much *** metabolic syndrome's hepatic manifestation,MAFLD,carries a significant risk of *** link between the above two conditions has also drawn increasing consideration since MAFLD is intricately linked to the obesity *** of the metabolic syndrome,MAFLD may impact the severity of the viral infections,including COVID-19 or may even be a risk *** important question is whether the present COVID-19 pandemic has been fueled by the obesity and MAFLD *** liver markers are seen elevated in *** patients with associated comorbid conditions like obesity,cardiovascular disease,renal disease,malignancy,hypertension,and old age are prone to develop severe *** is an urgent need for more studies to determine the link between the two conditions and whether it might account for racial differences in the mortality and morbidity rates linked to *** role of innate and adaptive immunity alterations in MAFLD patients may influence the severity of *** review investigates the implications of COVID-19 on liver injury and disease severity and *** also addressed the severity of COVID-19 in patients with prior MAFLD and its potential implications and therapeutic administration in the clinical setting.

关键词： Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease COVID-19 Metabolic syndrome Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis Angiotensin converting enzyme 2

A review on emerging materials with focus on BiI_(3) for room-temperature semiconductor radiation detectors

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Radiation Detection Technology and Methods 2023年第4期7卷 465-483页

作者： Ritu chaudhari Chhaya Ravi Kant Alka garg Surender Kumar Sharma Department of Applied Sciences and Humanities Indira Gandhi Delhi Technical University for WomenKashmere GateDelhi110006India gargi College University of DelhiSiri Fort RoadNew Delhi110049India Delhi Skill and Entrepreneurship University New DelhiIndia

purpose Considerable advances in the fundamental knowledge and applications of radiation science have led to significant progress and development of room-temperature semiconductor radiation detectors(RTSD).The RTSDs technologies are continuously evolving with accelerated research and material engineering in the last *** scientific and technological advancements have led to development of high-performance radiation detectors with high signal-to-noise ratio(SNR),better sensitivity,faster response and higher-resolution with capability of desired room-temperature *** paper is a review on emerging semiconductor radiation detector materials with a deeper insight into the prospective role of Bismuth tri-iodide(BiI_(3))for room-temperature radiation *** An introduction of the state of art of most developed semiconductor materials,i.e.,cadmium telluride(CdTe),mercury iodide(HgI_(2)),lead iodide(pbI_(2)),etc.,and a critical examination of properties,shortcomings and challenges related to their synthesis have been ***-semiconductor composites with desirable properties and their integration into detector devices is also *** sections discuss the role of BiI_(3) as an emerging radiation detector material for room-temperature operation with an in-depth discussion on the role of defects in charge transportation and electrode ***,the current challenges along with the future prospects of these materials for radiation detection to promote continuous innovation and practical applications are also *** The comprehensive review on latest developments in room-temperature radiation detector materials is expected to help establish a technological roadmap for the synthesis,fabrication and commercialization of novel materials for development of efficient radiation detectors.

关键词： Radiation detector Defects Electrical properties Bismuth tri-iodide Semiconductor Toxicity

Evaluation of Energy Efficiency performance of Heated Windows

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Energy Engineering 2022年第1期119卷 1-16页

作者： Hari Swarup Jammulamadaka Bhaskaran gopalakrishnan Subodh chaudhari Senthil Sundaramoorthy Akash Rajesh Mehta Roseline Mostafa Energy and Mineral Engineering Pennsylvania State UniversityState CollegePA 16801USA Industrial and Management Systems Engineering West Virginia UniversityMorgantownWV 26505USA Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak RidgeTN 37831USA

Fenestration systems are widely used across the *** is expansive research on window configurations,frames,and glazing technology,but not enough research has been published on reducing window heat loss through heat application to a *** presented study attempted to evaluate the performance of heated windows by developing an experimental setup to test a window at various temperatures by varying the power input to *** double pane window was installed in an insulated *** gradient was developed across the window by cooling one side of the window using gel-based ice *** other face of the window was heated by enabling power at different wattages through the *** temperature of the inside and outside panes,current and voltage input,and temperature of the room and box were *** data was used to calculate the apparent effective resistance of the window when not being heated *** being *** study concluded that,when window temperature was maintained close to the room temperature,the heated double pane window is effective in reducing heat loss by as much as 50%as compared to a non-heated double pane *** temperature of the window was much higher than the room temperature,the heat loss through the window increased beyond that of a non-heated *** issues encountered during the current stages of experiments are noted,and recommendations are provided for future studies.

关键词： Heated windows perimeter heating window efficiency building energy models floor heating

Neutronic analysis of Indian helium-cooled solid breeder tritium breeding module for testing in ITER

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plasma Science and Technology 2022年第6期24卷 189-195页

作者： H L SWAMI Deepak SHARMA C DANANI p chaudhari R SRINIVASAN Rajesh KUMAR Institute for plasma Research Gandhinagar 382428India Homi Bhabha National Institute AnushaktinagarMumbai 400094India

India has proposed the helium-cooled solid breeder blanket concept as a tritium breeding module to be tested in *** module has lithium titanate for tritium breeding and beryllium for neutron *** also enhances tritium breeding.A design for the module is prepared for detailed *** analysis is performed to assess the tritium breeding rate,neutron distribution,and heat distribution in the *** tritium production distribution in submodules is evaluated to support the tritium transport *** tritium breeding density in the radial direction of the module is also assessed for further optimization of the *** heat deposition profile of the entire module is generated to support the heat removal circuit *** estimated neutron spectrum in the radial direction also provides a more in-depth picture of the nuclear interactions inside the material *** total tritium produced in the HCSB module is around 13.87 mg per full day of operation of ITER,considering the 400 s ON time and 1400 s dwell *** estimated nuclear heat load on the entire module is around 474 kW,which will be removed by the high-pressure helium cooling *** heat deposition in the test blanket model(TBM)is huge(around 9 gJ)for an entire day of operation of ITER,which demonstrates the scale of power that can be produced through a fusion reactor *** per the Brayton cycle,it is equivalent to 3.6 gJ of electrical *** terms of power production,this would be around 1655 MWh *** evaluation is carried out using the MCNp5 Monte Carlo radiation transport code and FEDNL 2.1 nuclear cross section *** HCSB TBM neutronic performance demonstrates the tritium production capability and high heat deposition.

关键词： HCSB TBM tritium nuclear heat ITER

Residue recycling options and their implications for sustainable nitrogen management in rice–wheat agroecosystems

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Ecological processes 2023年第4期12卷 91-109页

作者： Ajay Kumar Bhardwaj Kapil Malik Manu Rani Uttam Kumar Mandal Nirmalendu Basak Awtar Singh Rajender Kumar Yadav Suresh Kumar chaudhari Dinesh Kumar Sharma Central Soil Salinity Research Institute Central Soil Salinity Research Institute Regional Research Station Indian Council of Agricultural Research

Background In the Indo-gangetic plain, rice–wheat is the most extensively practiced crop rotation. The escalating issue of crop residue burning, particularly rice straw, and the necessity to lower the exorbitant expenses associated with fertilizer inputs stand out as significant challenges for farmers in the region. A well-suited integrated nutrient management（INM） strategy that focuses on recycling crop residues can serve as a solution to address these issues. Such a strategy not only mitigates air pollution resulting from residue burning but also helps combat water pollution due to nitrate losses from agroecosystems. Field experiments were used to evaluate the suitability of eight INM-modules that included various combinations of inorganic fertilizer rates（50%, 100%, 150% of recommended dose）, crop residues（wheat and rice stubble retention at 30 cm standing stubble equivalent to 1/3 the straw yield）, rice straw compost（RSC）, farmyard manure（FYM）, and green manuring（gM）, compared to 100% recommended dose of fertilizers（F） and no fertilizer *** There was a considerable improvement in nitrogen mineralization, grain yields, and nitrogen use efficiency under gM + RSC-F50 and gM + FYM-F50. These INM modules would permit a 50% reduction in the use of chemical fertilizers. There was a little yield penalty with in situ rice residue incorporation at 100% F; however, this could be overcome with 150% F fertilizer application. In situ retention of wheat straw with a full application of fertilizer resulted in steadily rising crop yields over time. Changes in the redox potential, soil p H, and soil organic carbon best accounted for the observed trajectories in nitrogen use *** The most promising INM modules for adoption by farmers in the Indo-gangetic plain to judiciously use crop residues and curtail chemical fertilizer inputs are green manuring with Sesbania aculeata + rice straw compost at 5 t ha-1+ only 50% of recommended dose of fertilizers

关键词： Rice–wheat Nitrogen use efficiency Sustainable nitrogen management index Crop residue Rice straw compost