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Enhancing the Decomposition of Paper Cups Using galleria mellonella and Eisenia Fetida

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Journal of Renewable materials 2024年第2期12卷 349-367页

作者： Shadi moqbel Habib al-ghoul abd al-majeed al-ghzawi Rami mukbel Civil Engineering Department The University of JordanAmman11942Jordan Department of Chemistry Technical University of MunichMunichGermany Plant Production Jordan University of Science and TechnologyIrbid22110Jordan Basic medical Veterinary Sciences Jordan University of Science and TechnologyIrbid22110Jordan

The composition of paper cups creates a challenge for the recycling industry,as the paperboard–plastic film composite is hard to ***,paper cups are sent to landfills or waste *** study explores the combined use of red worms(Eisenia fetida)and greater wax moth(galleria mellonella)in the biodegradation of paper *** study investigates the conditions and combinations that promote using Eisenia fetida and galleria mellonella for degrading paper *** study considered the influence of environmental temperature,the presence of food waste,varying the number of Eisenia fetida worms,and the presence of a galleria mellonella growth-slowing agent on the degradation *** achieve the study objectives,the study followed a quantitative *** study monitored the degradation of paper cup cuts that were placed in jars containing different combinations of Eisenia fetida worms,galleria mellonella larvae,food waste,bedding material,and galleria mellonella growth-slowing *** study found that the best operating temperature is *** study found that using food waste improves the performance of Eisenia fetida worms and galleria mellonella larvae *** study found that adding a galleria mellonella growth-slowing agent slightly enhances the degradation of the paper ***,a numerical model was obtained to simulate the paper cup degradation efficiency.

关键词： Paper cups resource recovery recycling circular economy galleria mellonella Eisenia fetida

On thermoelastic problem based on four theories with the efficiency of the magnetic field and gravity

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Journal of Ocean Engineering and Science 2024年第4期9卷 338-347页

作者： A.A.Kilany A.N.abd-alla A.m.abd-alla S.m.Abo-Dahab Department of mathematics Faculty of ScienceSohag UniversitySohag 82524 Egypt Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computers and InformationLuxor UniversityEgypt Department of mathematics Faculty of ScienceSouth Valley UniversityQena 83523Egypt

The fundamental objective of this paper is to study the effectiveness of magnetic field and gravity on an isotropic homogeneous thermoelastic structure based on four theories of generalized *** another meaning,the models of coupled dynamic theory(CDT),Lord-Shulman(LS),green-Lindsay(gL)as well as green-Naghdi(gN II)will be taken in the ***,applying the harmonic method(normal mode technique),the solution of the governing equations and the expressions for the components of the displacement,temperature and(mechanical and maxwell’s)stresses is taken into account and calculated *** impacts of the gravity and magnetic field are illustrated graphically which are pronounced on the different physical ***,the results of some research that others have previously obtained may be found some or all of them as special cases from this study.

关键词： generalized thermoelasticity gravity magnetic field green and Naghdi TheoryⅡ Normal mode approach

Charged Particles Capture Cross-section by a Weakly Charged Schwarzschild Black Hole

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第8期24卷 141-146页

作者： A.m.al Zahrani A.al-Jama Physics Department King Fahd University of Petroleum and MineralsDhahran 31261Saudi Arabia

We study the capture cross-section of charged particles by a weakly charged Schwarzschild black *** dependence of the maximum impact parameter for capture on the particle’s energy is investigated numerically for different values of the electromagnetic coupling strength between the particle and the black *** capture cross-section is then *** show that the capture cross-section is independent of the electromagnetic coupling for ultra-relativistic *** astrophysical implications of our results are discussed.

关键词： stars black holes-accretion-accretion disks-black hole physics

Langmuir-Schaefer Film Investigation and Density Functional Theory Band gap Calculations of Calix[n]arene-Para-Aminobenzoic Acid for Drug Nanosensor Application

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(materials Science) 2024年第5期39卷 1311-1318页

作者： WONg Yeong Yi F L Supian A Radzwan m musa N F N abd Karim Department of Physics Sultan Idris Education UniversityTanjong Malim 35900Malaysia Department of Chemistry Sultan Idris Education UniversityTanjong Malim 35900Malaysia

Calix[n]arenes was utilized to detect PABA,the primary sunscreen *** study investigates the interaction of calix[4]arene(C4),calix[6]arene(C6),and PABA using the Langmuir method and first-principle density functional theory(DFT).Using the Langmuir-Schaefer(LS)technique,an ultrathin film composed of calix[n]arenes and their complexes with PABA was deposited on various *** on the Langmuir study,the PABA molecule was bonded to the lower rims of both C4 and C6 with the host-guest ratio of 1:*** of the LS films formed were then characterized by ultravioletvisible spectroscopy(UV-Vis),Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)and carbon,hydrogen,nitrogen,sulfur elemental analyzer(CHNS).The band gap reduction obtained in the DFT study denotes the charge transfer interaction with promising reactivity between the calix[n]arenes and *** sensing of PABA by C4 and C6 is successful based on the formation of bonding between them due to the hosts’effective trapping *** outcomes of this study could be applied to drug delivery systems for future pharmaceutical and medical applications.

关键词： calix[n]arenes band gap density functional theory Langmuir-Schaefer PABA sensor

Role of Air Staging in a Batch-Type Fixed Bed Biomass Combustor under Constant Primary Air

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第1期33卷 284-299页

作者： Awais JUNEJO Yasir m.al-abdELI Jacobo PORTEIRO School of Engineering Edith Cowan UniversityJoondalupWA 6027Australia CINTECX Universidade de Vigo Grupo de Tecnoloxia Enerxetica(GTE)36310 VigoEspana

Staged combustion of biomass is the most suitable thermo-chemical conversion for achieving lower gaseous emissions and higher fuel conversion *** a staged fixed bed combustion of biomass,combustion air is supplied in two *** the first stage,primary air is provided below the fuel,whereas in the later stage,secondary air is supplied in the freeboard *** available literature on the effects of air staging(secondary air location) at a constant primary air flow rate on combustion characteristics in a batch-type fixed bed combustor is limited and hence warrants further *** study resolves the effect of air staging,by varying the location of secondary air in the freeboard at five secondary to total air ratios in a batch-type fixed bed *** are reported for the effects of these controlled parameters on fuel conversion rate,overall gaseous emissions(CO_(2),CO and NO_x) and temperature *** fuel used throughout was densified hardwood *** show that a primary freeboard length(distance between fuel bed top and secondary air injection) of200 mm has higher fuel conversion rates and temperatures as well as lower CO emissions,at a secondary to total air ratio of 0.75 as compared to primary freeboard length of 300 ***,NO_x emissions were found to be lower for a primary freeboard length of 300 mm as compared to 200 *** increase in secondary to total air ratio from 0.33 to 0.75 resulted in higher freeboard temperatures and lower CO as well as NO_x *** outcomes of this study will be helpful in the effective design of commercial scale biomass combustors for more efficient and environmentally friendly combustion.

关键词： fixed bed combustor biomass combustion air staging freeboard temperature burning rate gaseous emissions

Fuel cell stack design and modelling with a double-stage boost converter coupled to a single-phase inverter

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Clean Energy 2024年第1期8卷 188-196页

作者： Basem E.Elnagi Ahmed m.Ismaiel Hany S.E.mansour m.N.abd-alwahab Electrical Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringSuez Canal UniversityIsmailia 41522Egypt

A comprehensive proton-exchange membrane fuel cell stack model was developed and integrated with a two-stage DC/DC boost *** was directly coupled to a single-phase(two levels-four pulses)inverter without a *** pulse-width modu-lation signal was used to independently regulate every converter *** converter was modelled using a mATLAB®/Simulink®environment and an appropriate voltage control *** analysis features of the suggested circuit were created and,through established experiments,the simulation results were verified.A single-phase(two levels-four pulses)inverter control circuit was tested and it produced a pure sinusoidal waveform with voltage *** matches the voltage of the network in terms of amplitude and frequency.A sinusoidal pulse-width modulation approach was performed using a single-phase(two levels-four pulses)pulse-width modulation *** results demonstrated an enhancement in the standard of the output wave and tuned the dead time with a reduction of 63μs compared with 180μs in conventional techniques.

关键词： PEm fuel cell pulse-width modulation single-phase inverter and double-stage DC/DC boost converter

A Weighted multi-Layer Analytics Based model for Emoji Recommendation

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Computers, materials & Continua 2024年第1期78卷 1115-1133页

作者： Amira m.Idrees abdul Lateef marzouq al-Solami Faculty of Computers and Information Technology Future University in EgyptCairo11835Egypt alkamil College of Science and Arts University of JeddahJeddah21959Saudi Arabia

The developed system for eye and face detection using Convolutional Neural Networks(CNN)models,followed by eye classification and voice-based assistance,has shown promising potential in enhancing accessibility for individuals with visual *** modular approach implemented in this research allows for a seamless flow of information and assistance between the different components of the *** research significantly contributes to the field of accessibility technology by integrating computer vision,natural language processing,and voice *** leveraging these advancements,the developed system offers a practical and efficient solution for assisting blind *** modular design ensures flexibility,scalability,and ease of integration with existing assistive ***,it is important to acknowledge that further research and improvements are necessary to enhance the system’s accuracy and ***-tuning the CNN models and expanding the training dataset can improve eye and face detection as well as eye classification ***,incorporating real-time responses through sophisticated natural language understanding techniques and expanding the knowledge base of ChatgPT can enhance the system’s ability to provide comprehensive and accurate ***,this research paves the way for the development of more advanced and robust systems for assisting visually impaired *** leveraging cutting-edge technologies and integrating them into amodular framework,this research contributes to creating a more inclusive and accessible society for individuals with visual *** work can focus on refining the system,addressing its limitations,and conducting user studies to evaluate its effectiveness and impact in real-world scenarios.

关键词： Social networks text analytics emoji prediction features extraction information retrieval

Assessment of groundwater suitability for different activities in Toshka district,south Egypt

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Journal of groundwater Science and Engineering 2024年第1期12卷 34-48页

作者： marwa m aly Shymaa AK Fayad Ahmed mI abd Elhamid Faculty of Engineering mataria Helwan UniversityCairo 11718Egypt Division of Engineering International Academy for Engineering and Media Science(IAEMS)6th of October City 15515Egypt Hydraulics Research Institute National Water Research CenterMWRICairo 13621Egypt

globally,groundwater has globally emerged as a crucial freshwater source for domestic,irrigation,and industrial *** evaluation of groundwater quality in the Toshka region is imperative to ensure its suitability for the extensive agricultural and industrial activities underway in this promising,groundwater-dependent development *** is particularly significant as Egypt increasingly relies on groundwater reserves to address freshwater deficits and to implement mega-development projects in barren *** this study,fifty-two samples were collected from the recently drilled wells tapping into the Nubian Sandstone Aquifer(NSA)in the Toshka *** quality was assessed through hydrochemical analysis,Piper diagram,and various indicators such as Na%,SAR,RSC,KR,mH and *** hydrochemical analysis revealed improved groundwater quality characteristics,attributed to continuous recharge from Lake *** Piper diagram categorised most of the water samples as"secondary salinity"water *** all wells proved suitable for irrigation with only two wells unsuitable based on mH values and six wells based on KR *** Total Hardness(TH)values,all samples were classified as"Soft",indicating their suitability for domestic and industrial *** Quality Index(WQI)results concluded that all samples met WHO and FAO guidelines for drinking and irrigation,*** distribution maps,constructed using gIS,facilitate the interpretation of the *** monitoring of quality parameters is essential to detect any deviation from permissible limits.

关键词： Nubian Sandstone Aquifer Water Quality Assessment Hydro-chemical Analysis Irrigation Quality Indicators Domestic Use Water Quality Index

Optimization of Cooperative Relayingmolecular Communications for Nanomedical Applications

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Computer modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第2期138卷 1259-1275页

作者： Eman S.Attia Ashraf A.m.Khalaf Fathi E.abd El-Samie Saied m.abd El-atty Konstantinos A.Lizos Osama alfarraj Heba m.El-Hoseny Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringMinia UniversityMinia61111Egypt Department of Electronics and Electrical Communications Engineering Faculty of Electronic EngineeringMenoufia UniversityMenouf32952Egypt Department of Informatics Faculty of Mathematics and Natural SciencesUniversity of Oslo(UiO)OsloNorway Computer Science Department Community CollegeKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11437Saudi Arabia Department of Computer science The Higher Future Institute for Specialized Technological StudiesEl ShoroukEgypt

Recently,nano-systems based on molecular communications via diffusion(mCvD)have been implemented in a variety of nanomedical applications,most notably in targeted drug delivery system(TDDS)***,because the mCvD is unreliable and there exists molecular noise and inter symbol interference(ISI),cooperative nano-relays can acquire the reliability for drug delivery to targeted diseased cells,especially if the separation distance between the nano transmitter and nano receiver is *** this work,we propose an approach for optimizing the performance of the nano system using cooperative molecular communications with a nano relay scheme,while accounting for blood flow effects in terms of drift *** fractions of the molecular drug that should be allocated to the nano transmitter and nano relay positioning are computed using a collaborative optimization problem solved by themodified Central Force Optimization(mCFO)*** the previous work,the probability of bit error is expressed in a closed-form *** is used as an objective function to determine the optimal velocity of the drug molecules and the detection threshold at the nano *** simulation results show that the probability of bit error can be dramatically reduced by optimizing the drift velocity,detection threshold,location of the nano-relay in the proposed nano system,and molecular drug budget.

关键词： Nanomedical system molecular communication cooperative relay optimization