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Interactive effects of carbon dioxide, low temperature, and ultrav｜olet-B radiation on cotton seedling root and shoot morphology and growth

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2016年第4期10卷 607-620页

作者： David BRAND Chathurika WIJEWARDANA Wei gAO K. Raja reddy Department of Plant and Soil Sciences Mississippi State University Starkwille MS 39762 USA USDA UVB monitoring and Research Program Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory and Department of Ecosystem Science and Sustainability Colorado State University Fort Collins CO 80523 USA

Interactive effects of multiple environmental stresses are predicted to have a negative effect on cotton growth and development and these effects will be exacerbated in the future climate. The objectives of this study were to test the hypothesis that cotton cultivars differ in their responses to multiple environmental factors of （CO2） [400 and 750 μ*** 1 （＋（CO2）], temperature [28/20 and 20/12℃ （-T）], and UV-B radiation [0 and 10 kJ. m2. d ^-1（＋ UV- B）]. A genetic and molecular standard （Tm-1） and three modern cotton cultivars （DP1522B2XE PHY496W3R, and ST4747gLB2） were grown in eight sunlit, controlled environment chambers with control treatment 400 μ***^-1 [CO2], 28/21℃ temperature, and 0 kJ UV B. The results showed significant differences among the cultivars for most of the shoot and root parameters. Plants grown under low temperature alone or as a combination with ＋ UV B treatment caused more detrimental effects on root and shoot vigor. Although the elevated CO2 treatments weakened the damaging effects of higher UV-B levels on cotton growth on all cultivars, increased CO2 could not mask the negative effects of low temperature. When comparing all cultivars, genetic standard Tm-1 produced the smallest values for the majority of traits under CO2, UV-B, and low temperature either alone or in combination with other treatments. Based on principal component analysis, the four cultivars were classified as tolerant （DP1522B2XF）, intermediate （PHY496W3R and ST4747gLB2） and sensitive （Tm-1） to multiple environmental *** temperature was identified as the most damaging treatment to cotton early seedling vigor while elevated CO2 caused the least. Existing variability of cotton cultivars in response tomultiple environmental stresses could allow for selection of cultivars with the best coping ability and higher lint yield for future climate change environments.

关键词： Cotton Climate change winRHIZO Princi-pal component analysis. Stress tolerance.

Robust fault analysis in transmission lines using Synchrophasor measurements

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Protection and Control of modern Power Systems 2018年第1期3卷 108-120页

作者： Rajaraman P. Sundaravaradan N.A. mallikarjuna B. Jaya Bharata reddy m. mohanta D.K. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana ChampaignChampaignILUSA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Texas at AustinAustinTXUSA Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering National Institute of TechnologyTiruchirappalliTamilnadu 620015India Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Birla Institute of TechnologyMesraRanchi 835215India

As more electric utilities and transmission system operators move toward the smart grid concept,robust fault analysis has become increasingly *** paper proposes a methodology for the detection,classification,and localization of transmission line faults using Synchrophasor *** technique involves the extraction of phasors from the instantaneous three-phase voltages and currents at each bus in the system which are then decomposed into their symmetrical *** components are sent to the phasor data concentrator(PDC)for real-time fault analysis,which is completed within 2–3 cycles after fault *** advantages of this technique are its accuracy and speed,so that fault information may be appropriately communicated to facilitate system *** proposed algorithm is independent of the transmission system topology and displays high accuracy in its results,even with varying parameters such as fault distance,fault inception angle and fault *** proposed algorithm is validated using a three-bus system as well as the Western System Coordinating Council(WSCC)nine bus *** proposed algorithm is shown to accurately detect the faulted line and classify the fault in all the test cases presented.

关键词： Transmission line faults Fault analysis Phasor measurement units Symmetrical components

ground-Based In Situ measurements of Near-Surface Aerosol mass Concentration over Anantapur:Heterogeneity in Source Impacts

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2013年第1期30卷 235-246页

作者： B.S.K.reddy K.R.KUmAR g.BALAKRISHNAIAH K.R.gOPAL R.R.reddy V.SIVAKUmAR S.md.ARAFATH A.P.LINgASWAmY S.PAVANKUmARI K.UmADEVI Y.N.AHAmmED Aerosol and Atmospheric Research Laboratory Department of PhysicsSri Krishnadevaraya UniversityAnantapur 515003Andhra PradeshIndia Institute of Low Temperature Science Hokkoido UniversitySapporo 0600819Japan School of Physics University of KwaZulu-NatalDurban 4000South Africa Institute of Environmental Engineering National Chiao Tung UniversityHsinchuTaiwan Department of Physics Yogi Vemana UniversityKadapa 516003India

Surface measurements of aerosol physical properties were made at Anantapur （14.62°N, 77.65°E, 331 m a.s.l）, a semiarid rural site in India, during August 2008-July 2009. measurements included the segregated sizes of aerosolsas as well as total mass concentration and size distributions of aerosols measured at low relative humidity （RH〈75%） using a Quartz Crystal microbalance （QCm） in the 25-0.05 um aerodynamic diameter range. The hourly average total surface aerosol mass concentration in a day varied from 15 to 70 ug.m.3, with a mean value of 34.02±9.05 ug.m.3 for the entire study period. A clear diurnal pattern appeared in coarse, accumulation and nucleation-mode particle concentrations, with two local maxima occurring in early morning and late evening hours. The concentration of coarse-mode particles was high during the summer season, with a maximum concentration of 11.81±0.98 ug.m.3 in the month of April, whereas accumulationmode concentration was observed to be high in the winter period contributed 〉68% to the total aerosol mass concentration. Accumulation aerosol mass fraction, Af （= ma/mt） was highest during winter （mean value of Af -0.80） and lowest （Af - 0.64） during the monsoon season. The regression analysis shows that both Reff and Rm are dependent on coarse-mode aerosols. The relationship between the simultaneous measurements of daily mean aerosol optical depth at 500 nm （AOD500） and Pm2.5 mass concentration （[Pm2.5]） shows that surface-level aerosol mass concentration increases with the increase in columnar aerosol optical depth over the observation period.

关键词： aerosols mass concentration size distribution effective radius backward trajectories

Non-classical continuum theories for solid and fluent continua and some applications

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International Journal of Smart and Nano materials 2019年第1期10卷 28-89,I0003页

作者： K.S.Surana D.mysore J.N.reddy mechanical Engineering University of KansasLawrenceKSUSA mechanical Engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTXUSA

This paper presents two specific thermodynamically consistent nonclassical continuum theories for solid and fluent *** first non-classical continuum theory for solid continua incorporates Jacobian of deformation in its entirety in the conservation and the balance laws and the derivation of the constitutive *** second non-classical continuum theory for solid continua considers Jacobian of deformation in its entirety as well as the Cosserat rotations in the conservation and balance laws as well as the constitutive *** first non-classical continuum theory for fluent continua presented here considers velocity gradient tensor in its *** second non-classical continuum theory for fluent continua considers velocity gradient tensor in its entirety as well as Cosserat rotation rates in the derivation of the conservation and balance laws and the constitutive *** the non-classical continuum theories for solid and fluent continua considered here incorporate additional physics of deformation due to rotations and rotation rates compared to classical continuum mechanics,the conservation and balance laws of classical continuum mechanics are shown to require modification as well as a new balance law balance of moment of moments is required to accommodate the new physics due to rotations and rotation ***’s micropolar,micromorphic and microstretch theories,couple stress theories and nonlocal theories are also discussed within the context of the non-classical theories presented here for solid and fluent *** applications of these theories are also discussed.

关键词： Non-classical continuum theories micropolar Jacobian of deformation internal rotations Cosserat rotations Cosserat rotation rates

Socio-Economic and Scientific Impact Created by Whitefly-Transmitted,Plant-Virus Disease Resistant Tomato Varieties in Southern India

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2012年第2期11卷 337-345页

作者： John Colvin N Nagaraju Carlos moreno-Leguizamon R m govindappa T B manjunatha reddy S A Padmaja Neena Joshi Peter m Hanson Susan E Seal V muniyappa Natural Resources Institute University of GreenwichChatham MaritimeKentME4 4TBUnited Kingdom University of Agricultural Sciences G.K.V.K.Bangalore 560065India AVRDC-The World Vegetable Center

Research carried out to assess the impact of open-pollinated Tomato leaf curl virus（ToLCV）-resistant tomatoes and hybrids on the livelihoods of resource-poor farmers in Southern India is described and *** high-yielding ToLCV-resistant tomato varieties were developed initially using conventional breeding and screening techniques involving inoculation by ToLCV-viruliferous whitefly,Bemisia *** 2003 and 2004,respectively,these varieties were released officially by the Karnataka State Seed Committee and the Indian ministry of Agriculture through notification in the gazette of *** 2003 to 2005,eleven seed companies bought breeder seed of the ToLCV-resistant varieties and used them to begin breeding F1 hybrids from ***-economic studies carried out to assess the benefits obtained from growing the ToLCV-resistant varieties found that farmers could gain up to 10 times the profit by growing the ToLCV-resistant varieties compared to the pre-existing ToLCV-susceptible *** of ToLCV-resistant tomatoes was also associated with reduced pesticide *** income from tomato sales was prioritised by farmers to pay for children＇s education,better nutrition and *** a joint effort with the commercial seed sector in India,a promotional field day was organised in *** well as the three ToLCV-resistant varieties,62 ToLCV-resistant hybrid tomatoes were exhibited during a farmer-field day by 17 commercial seed companies and several public *** with ToLCV-resistance are now grown widely in South India and seeds of the three open-pollinated varieties have been distributed to more than 12 *** 2007,a conservative estimate of the financial-benefit to cost of the research ratio was already more than 837：1.

关键词： Bemisia tabaci beg.m.virus international development tomato resistance Tomato leaf curl virus

A state-of-the-art integrative approach to studying neck biomechanics in vivo

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2020年第7期63卷 1235-1246页

作者： ZHOU Yu CHOWDHURY Suman reddy Curran WAN Bocheng BYRNE Ryan YIN Wei ZHANg Xudong Department of Industrial&Systems Engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA Department of Biomedical Engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA Department of mechanical Engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA Department of Industrial Manufacturing&Systems EngineeringTexas Tech UniversityLubbockTX 79409.USA Department of mechanical Engineering.m.terials Science University of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15261USA

Neck injuries are significant causes of morbidity and mortality, and their chronic forms due to repetitive or sustained physical acts(e.g., prolonged use of mobile phone with a dropped head) are becoming increasingly more prevalent. many injuries are preventable but the prevention and control requires a clear basic understanding of the neck biomechanics. In this paper, we describe a first-of-its-kind study that integrates a g.m.t of state-of-the-art imaging.m.dalities(dynamic radiography, computed tomography(CT), and magnetic resonance imaging.m.I)) and biodynamic measurements(motion capture, electromyography(Emg), force sensing), thereby investigating holistically the in vivo responses of the neck and its various interconnected musculoskeletal components during functional activities. We present a sample of findings to illustrate how the integrations at multiple levels can enable creating truly subject-specific neck musculoskeletal models and attaining novel insights that otherwise would be unattainable by a singular or subset of approaches.

关键词： neck injury neck biomechanics in vivo integration

Approximate Controllability of Nonlinear Delay Integro Differential Evolution Equations with Random Impulses

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Journal of mathematical Research with Applications 2023年第5期43卷 619-630页

作者： Sahar m.A.mAQBOL R.S.JAIN B.S.reddy School of mathematical Sciences Swami Ramanand Teerth Marathwada University Departmennt of mathematics Hodeidah University

The basic concept of this research is to analyse the approximate controllability(AC)of a nonlinear delay integrodifferential evolution system(NDIDES) with random impulse of the type■by assuming that the linear system is approximately controllable. The existence and uniqueness of the mild solution to above system have been determined by using the Banach contraction principle and trajectory accessible sets. We generalize the results for NDIDES with and without fixed-type impulsive moments.

关键词： approximate controllability integrodifferential evolution system random impulses

machines,Tools and Tool Transporter Concurrent Scheduling in multi⁃machine FmS with Alternative Routing Using Symbiotic Organisms Search Algorithm

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Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New Series) 2023年第6期30卷 35-61页

作者： m.Padma Lalitha N.Sivarami reddy K.L.Narasimhamu I.Suneetha Electrical Engg.Dept. Annamacharya Institute of Technology and SciencesRajampet 516126Andhara PradeshIndia mechanical Engg.Dept. Annamacharya Institute of Technology and SciencesRajampet 516126Andhara PradeshIndia mechanical Engg.Dept. Mohan Babu UniversityA.Rangampet 517102Andhra PradeshIndia Electronics and Communication Engg.Dept. Annamacharya Institute of Technology and SciencesTirupati 517520Andhara PradeshIndia

This study explored the concurrent scheduling of machines, tools, and tool transporter(TT) with alternative machines in a multi-machine flexible manufacturing system(FmS), taking into mind the tool transfer durations for minimization of the makespan(mSN). When tools are expensive, just a single copy of every tool kind is made available for use in the FmS system. Because the tools are housed in a central tool magazine(CTm), which then distributes and delivers them to many machines, because there is no longer a need to duplicate the tools in each machine, the associated costs are avoided. Choosing alternative machines for job operations(jb-ons), assigning tools to jb-ons, sequencing jb-ons on machines, and arranging allied trip activities, together with the TT’s loaded trip times and deadheading periods, are all challenges that must be overcome to achieve the goal of minimizing.m.N. In addition to a mixed nonlinear integer programming.m.LIP) formulation for this simultaneous scheduling problem, this paper suggests a symbiotic organisms search algorithm(SOSA) for the problem’s solution. This algorithm relies on organisms’ symbiotic interaction strategies to keep living in an ecosystem. The findings demonstrate that SOSA is superior to the Jaya algorithm in providing solutions and that using alternative machines for operations helps bring down mSN.

关键词： machines,tool transporter and tools scheduling FmS tool transporter symbiotic organisms search algorithm.

Stem cell treatment improves post stroke neurological outcomes:a comparative study in male and female rats

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2021年第4期6卷 519-527,I0005-I0010页

作者： Koteswara Rao Nalamolu Bharath Chelluboina Casimir A Fornal Siva reddy Challa David m Pinson David Z Wang Jeffrey D Klopfenstein Krishna Kumar Veeravalli Cancer Biology and Pharmacology College of MedicineUniversity of IllinoisPeoriaIllinoisUSA Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences California Health Sciences UniversityClovisCaliforniaUSA Neurological Surgery University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWisconsinUSA Health Sciences Education College of MedicineUniversity of IllinoisPeoriaIllinoisUSA Neurology College of MedicineUniversity of IllinoisPeoriaIllinoisUSA Neurology Barrow Neurological InstitutePhoenixArizonaUSA Neurosurgery College of MedicineUniversity of IllinoisPeoriaIllinoisUSA OSF HealthCare Illinois Neurological Institute PeoriaIllinoisUSA Pediatrics College of MedicineUniversity of IllinoisPeoriaIllinoisUSA

Background and purpose The therapeutic potential of different stem cells for ischaemic stroke treatment is intriguing and somewhat *** results from our laboratory have demonstrated the potential benefits of human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells(mSC)in a rodent stroke *** hypothesised that mSC treatment would effectively promote the recovery of sensory and motor function in both males and females,despite any apparent sex differences in post stroke brain *** Transient focal cerebral ischaemia was induced in adult Sprague-Dawley rats by occlusion of the middle cerebral *** the procedure,male and female rats of the untreated group were euthanised 1 day after reperfusion and their brains were used to estimate the resulting infarct volume and tissue *** groups of stroke-induced male and female rats were treated with mSC or vehicle and were subsequently subjected to a battery of standard neurological/neurobehavioral tests(modified Neurological Severity Score assessment,adhesive tape removal,beam walk and rotarod).The tests were administered at regular intervals(at days 1,3,5,7 and 14)after reperfusion to determine the time course of neurological and functional recovery after *** The infarct volume and extent of swelling of the ischaemic brain were similar in males and *** similar pathological stroke lesions,the clinical manifestations of stroke were more pronounced in males than females,as indicated by the neurological scores and other *** treatment significantly improved the recovery of sensory and motor function in both sexes,and it demonstrated efficacy in both moderate stroke(females)and severe stroke(males).Conclusions Despite sex differences in the severity of post stroke outcomes,mSC treatment promoted the recovery of sensory and motor function in male and female rats,suggesting that it may be a promising treatment for stroke.

关键词： neurological female rats