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Fish-on-Chips:unveiling neural processing of chemicals in small animals through precise fluidic control

Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第11期19卷 2351-2353页

作者： Samuel k.H.Sy Ho ko Division of Neurology Department of Medicine and TherapeuticsFaculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongShatinNew TerritoriesHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Li ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongShatinNew TerritoriesHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Faculty of EngineeringThe University of Hong KongPok Fu LamHong Kong IslandHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Advanced Biomedical Instrumentation Center Hong Kong Science ParkPak Shek KokNew TerritoriesHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Margaret k.L.Cheung Research Center for Management of Parkinsonism Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongShatinNew TerritoriesHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Lau Tat-chuen Research Center of Brain Degenerative Diseases in Chinese Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongShatinNew TerritoriesHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina gerald Choa Neuroscience Institute The Chinese University of Hong KongShatinNew TerritoriesHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina

Precise chemical cue presentation alongside advanced brainwide imaging techniques is important to the study of chemosensory processing in ***,the dynamic nature of chemical-carrying media,such as water or air,poses a significant challenge for delivering highly-controlled chemical flow to an animal ***,contact-based cue manipulation and delivery easily shift the position of the animal subject,which is often undesirable for high-quality brain ***,more advanced interfacing tools that align with the diverse range of body part sizes of an animal,ranging from micrometer-scale neurons to meter-long limbs,are much *** is particularly crucial when dealing with dimensions that are beyond the reach of conventional experimental tools.

关键词： dealing precise sizes

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Study of hybrid nanofluid flow in a stationary cone-disk system with temperature-dependent fluid properties

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第4期45卷 677-694页

作者： A.S.JOHN B.MAHANTHESH g.LORENZINI Center for Mathematical Needs Department of MathematicsCHRIST(Deemed to be University)Karnataka 560029India School of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences The University of Texas Rio Grande ValleyTexas 78539U.S.A. Department of Engineering and Architecture University of ParmaParma 43124Italy

Cone-disk systems find frequent use such as conical diffusers,medical devices,various rheometric,and viscosimetry *** this study,we investigate the three-dimensional flow of a water-based Ag-Mg O hybrid nanofluid in a static cone-disk system while considering temperature-dependent fluid *** the variable fluid properties affect the dynamics and heat transfer features is studied by Reynolds's linearized model for variable viscosity and Chiam's model for variable thermal *** single-phase nanofluid model is utilized to describe convective heat transfer in hybrid nanofluids,incorporating the experimental *** model is developed as a coupled system of convective-diffusion equations,encompassing the conservation of momentum and the conservation of thermal energy,in conjunction with an incompressibility condition.A self-similar model is developed by the Lie-group scaling transformations,and the subsequent self-similar equations are then solved *** influence of variable fluid parameters on both swirling and non-swirling flow cases is ***,the Nusselt number for the disk surface is *** is found that an increase in the temperature-dependent viscosity parameter enhances heat transfer characteristics in the static cone-disk system,while the thermal conductivity parameter has the opposite effect.

关键词： hybrid nanofluid cone-disk system laminar flow variable fluid property Nusselt number

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Optimal Control of Service Rates of Discrete-Time(s,Q)Queueing-Inventory Systems with Finite Buffer

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2024年第3期33卷 261-280页

作者： L.Iniya B.Sivakumar g.Arivarignan School of Mathematics Madurai Kamaraj UniversityMaduraiTamilnaduIndia Department of Statistics Manonmaniam Sundaranar UniversityTirunelveliTamilnaduIndia

This article,we develop an optimal policy to control the service rate of a discrete time queueing-inventory system with finite *** customers arrive according to a Bernoulli process and the service time for the customers are *** the buffer size attains its maximum,any arriving new customers are considered to be *** customers are served one by one according to FCFS rule and each customers request random number of *** inventory is replenished according to a(s,Q)inventory policy with geometric lead *** main objectives of this article are to determine the service rates to be employed at each slot so that the long run expected cost rate is minimized for fixed inventory level and fixed buffer size and to minimize the expected waiting time for a fixed inventory level and fixed buffer *** problems are modelled as Markov decision *** establish the existence of a stationary policy and employ linear programming method to find the optimal service *** provide some numerical examples to illustrate the behaviour of the model.

关键词： Queueing-inventory system discrete time batch demand-Markov decision process

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Sequential decay analysis of^(235)U(n^(th),f)reaction using fragmentation approach

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第6期48卷 145-154页

作者： Nitin Sharma Ashutosh kaushik Manoj k.Sharma School of Physics and Materials Science Thapar Institute of Engineering&TechnologyPatiala-147004PunjabIndia

Numerous experimental and theoretical observations have concluded that the probability of the three fragment emission(ternary fission)or binary fission increases when one proceeds towards the heavy mass region of nuclear periodic *** factors affect fragment emission,such as the shell effect,deformation,orientation,and fissility *** and ternary fissions are observed for both ground and excited states of the *** collinear cluster tripartition(CCT)channel of the^(235)U(n^(th),f)reaction is studied,and we observe that the CCT may be a sequential or simultaneous emission *** date,different approaches have been introduced to study the CCT process as a simultaneous or sequential process,but the decay dynamics of these modes have not been not fully *** the three fragments of the sequential process and exploring their related dynamics using an excitation energy dependent approach would be of further ***,in this study,we investigate the sequential decay mechanism of the^(235)U(n^(th),f)reaction using quantum mechanical fragmentation theory(QMFT).The decay mechanism is considered in two steps,where initially,the nucleus splits into an asymmetric *** the second step,the heavy fragment obtained in the first step divides into two *** I analysis is conducted by calculating the fragmentation potential and preformation probability for the spherical and deformed choices of the decaying *** most probable fragment combination of stage I are identified with respect to the dips in the fragmentation structure and the corresponding maxima of the preformation probability(P0).The light fragments of the identified decay channels(obtained in step I)agree closely with the experimentally observed *** excitation energy of the decay channel is calculated using an iteration *** excitation energy is shared using an excitation energy dependent level density *** obtained excitation

关键词： fission cluster radioactivity ternary fission spontaneous fission cluster model total kinetic energy preformation probability

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The great catastrophe: causes of the Permo-Triassic marine mass extinction

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National Science Review 2024年第1期11卷 37-50页

作者： Paul B.Wignall David P.g.Bond School of Earth & Environment University of Leeds School of Environmental Sciences University of Hull

The marine losses during the Permo-Triassic mass extinction were the worst ever experienced. All groups were badly affected, especially amongst the benthos(e.g. brachiopods, corals, bryozoans, foraminifers,ostracods). Planktonic populations underwent a fundamental change with eukaryotic algae being replaced by nitrogen-fixing bacteria, green-sulphur bacteria, sulphate-reducing bacteria and prasinophytes. Detailed studies of boundary sections, especially those in South China, have resolved the crisis to a ～55 kyr interval straddling the Permo-Triassic boundary. Many of the losses occur at the beginning and end of this interval painting a picture of a two-phase extinction. Improved knowledge of the extinction has been supported by numerous geochemical studies that allow diverse proposed extinction mechanisms to be studied. A transition from oxygenated to anoxic-euxinic conditions is seen in most sections globally, although the intensity and timing shows regional variability. Decreased ocean ventilation coincides with rapidly rising temperatures and many extinction scenarios attribute the losses to both anoxia and high *** kill mechanisms include ocean acidification for which there is conflicting support from geochemical proxies and, even less likely, siltation(burial under a massive influx of terrigenous sediment) which lacks substantive sedimentological evidence. The ultimate driver of the catastrophic changes at the end of the Permian was likely Siberian Trap eruptions and their associated carbon dioxide emissions with consequences such as warming, ocean stagnation and acidification. Volcanic winter episodes stemming from Siberian volcanism have also been linked to the crisis, but the short-term nature of these episodes(g evidence for rapid warming during the crisis makes this an unlikely cause. Finally, whilst the extinction is well studied in equatorial latitudes, a different history is found in northern Boreal latitudes

关键词： ocean anoxia ocean acidification siltation productivity collapse volcanic winter

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Stability and generalization of Hypergraph Collaborative Networks

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Machine Intelligence Research 2024年第1期21卷 184-196页

作者： Michael k.Ng Hanrui Wu Andy Yip Institute of Data Science The University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Mathematics The University of Hong KongHong KongChina College of Information Science and Technology Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510006China

graph neural networks have been shown to be very effective in utilizing pairwise relationships across ***,there have been several successful proposals to generalize graph neural networks to hypergraph neural networks to exploit more com-plex *** particular,the hypergraph collaborative networks yield superior results compared to other hypergraph neural net-works for various semi-supervised learning *** collaborative network can provide high quality vertex embeddings and hyperedge embeddings together by formulating them as a joint optimization problem and by using their consistency in reconstructing the given *** this paper,we aim to establish the algorithmic stability of the core layer of the collaborative network and provide generaliz--ation *** analysis sheds light on the design of hypergraph filters in collaborative networks,for instance,how the data and hypergraph filters should be scaled to achieve uniform stability of the learning *** experimental results on real-world datasets are presented to illustrate the theory.

关键词： Hypergraphs vertices hyperedges collaborative networks graph convolutional neural networks(CNNs) stability generalization guarantees

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Embracing different languages and local differences:Coconstructive patient simulation strengthens host countries’clinical training in psychiatry

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第1期14卷 111-118页

作者： Şafak ErayÇamlı Büşra Ece Yavuz Meliha Feyza gök Idil Yazgan Yanki Yazgan Ayelet Brand-gothelf Doron gothelf Doron Amsalem Andrés Martin Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Bursa UludağUniversity Faculty of MedicineBursa 16059 Turkey Yale University School of Medicine New HavenCT 06510United States güzel günler Clinic Beşiktaş/İstanbul 34335 Turkey Child Study Center Yale School of MedicineNew HavenCT 06520United States The Feinberg Child Study Center Schneider Children's Medical Center of IsraelTel Aviv UniversityPetach Tikvah 4920235Israel The Child Psychiatry Division Edmond and Lily Safra Children’s HospitalSheba Medical CenterTel HashomerRamat Gan 52561Israel Faculty of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience Tel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv 6997801Israel Department of Psychiatry Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and SurgeonsNew YorkNY 10032United States

BACkgROUND global education in psychiatry is heavily influenced by knowledge from Western,high-income countries,which obscures local voices and *** To adapt a human simulation model to psychiatric education in a context that is specific to local languages and *** We conducted an observational study consisting of six human simulation sessions with standardized patients from two host countries,speaking their native languages,and following an adaptation of the co-constructive patient simulation(CCPS)*** local faculty became increasingly familiar with the CCPS approach,they took on the role of facilitators—in their country’s native *** Fifty-three learners participated:19 child and adolescent psychiatry trainees and 3 faculty members in Türkiye(as a group that met online during 3 consecutive months);and 24 trainees and 7 faculty in Israel(divided into 3 groups,in parallel in-person sessions during a single training day).Each of the six cases reflected local realities and clinical challenges,and was associated with specific learning goals identified by each case-writing *** Human simulation has not been fully incorporated into psychiatric education:The creation of immersive clinical experiences and the strengthening of reflective practice are two areas ripe for *** adaptations of CCPS can also strengthen local and regional networks and psychiatric communities of ***,the model can help question and press against hegemonies in psychiatric training that overshadow local expertise.

关键词： Human simulation Standardized patients Medical education Psychiatric education Capacity building Local languages

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Study of Secondary Cosmic Rays and Astronomical X-Ray Sources using Small Stratospheric Balloons

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第6期24卷 94-109页

作者： Rupnath Sikdar Sandip k.Chakrabarti Debashis Bhowmick Indian Centre for Space Physics 466BarakholaSingabari RoadNetai NagarKolkata700099West BengalIndia

The X-ray sources of the universe are extraterrestrial in nature which emit X-ray *** closest strong X-ray source is the Sun,which is followed by various compact sources such as neutron stars,black holes,the Crab pulsar,*** this paper,we analyze the data received from several low-cost lightweight meteorological balloon-borne missions launched by the Indian Centre for Space *** main interest is to study the variation of the vertical intensity of secondary cosmic rays,the detection of strong X-ray sources,and their spectra in the energy band of^(1)0–80 keV during the complete *** to the lack of an onboard pointing system,low exposure time,achieving a maximum altitude of only~42 km,and freely rotating the payload about its axis,we modeled the background radiation flux for the X-ray detector using physical *** also present the source detection method,observation of the pulsation of the Crab(^(3)3 Hz),and spectra of some sources such as the quiet Sun and the Crab pulsar.

关键词： X-rays:stars balloons instrumentation:detectors

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SARS-CoV-2 and innate immunity:the good,the bad,and the"goldilocks"

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第2期21卷 171-183页

作者： Benjamin L.Sievers Mark T.k.Cheng kata Csiba Bo Meng Ravindra k.gupta Department of Medicine University of CambridgeCambridgeUK Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology&Infectious Disease(CITID) Department of MedicineUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUk

An ancient conflict between hosts and pathogens has driven the innate and adaptive arms of *** about this interplay can not only help us identify biological mechanisms but also reveal pathogen vulnerabilities that can be leveraged *** humoral response to SARS-CoV-2 infection has been the focus of intense research,and the role of the innate immune system has received significantly less ***,we review current knowledge of the innate immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection and the various means SARS-CoV-2 employs to evade innate defense *** also consider the role of innate immunity in SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and in the phenomenon of long COVID.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 Innate immune response Interferon Cytokines Inflammation Antiviral targets

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Cool white light and tunable multicolor emission from Tb^(3+)/Dy^(3+)co-activated glasses under different excitations for WLEDs

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第1期42卷 46-56,I0002页

作者： L.Vijayalakshmi k.Naveen kumar Jong Dae Baek Department of Automotive Engineering Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsanGyeongbuk38541Republic of Korea Department of Mechanical Engineering Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsan38541Republic of Korea

A set of co-doped(Tb^(3+)/Dy^(3+))lithium zinc borate(LZB)glasses were developed by melt *** structural evaluation was performed for synthesized glassy *** Dy^(3+)and Tb^(3+)individually doped glasses exhibit intense yellow and green luminescence bands at 575 nm(^(4)F_(9/2)→^(6)H_(13/2))and543 nm(^(5)D_(4)→^(7)F_(5)),*** sensitization effect of Dy^(3+)on Tb^(3+)was analyzed by increasing the Tb^(3+)content with respect to the optimum Dy^(3+)content(0.5 mol%)in Dy^(3+)/Tb^(3+).The spectral overlay of Dy^(3+)luminescence and Tb^(3+)absorption profiles,Dy^(3+)/Tb^(3+)PL spectra under different excitations 352,362,376,and 385 nm,shortening decay lifetimes of Dy^(3+)in Dy^(3+)/Tb^(3+)co-activated glasses,energy transfer(ET)parameters,chromaticity coordinates and their corresponding correlated temperatures all help to explain ET from Dy^(3+)to Tb^(3+).At 385 nm of Dy^(3+)excitation,the optimized co-activated(0.5Dy^(3+)+1.0Tb^(3+)):LZB glass displays cool white light *** non-radiative ET from Dy^(3+)to Tb^(3+)is dominated by electric dipole-dipole interaction and its ET efficiency was calculated to be 63%.At the same time,reverse ET from Tb^(3+)to Dy^(3+)was also *** shift in color coordinates from dominant yellow to greenish-yellow,green and white light emission suggests that Dy^(3+)/Tb^(3+)coactivated LZB glasses can be a potential candidate for UV converted multicolor and white light emitting devices.

关键词： Rare earths Photoluminescence Energy transfer Spectral overlap Decay lifetime Multicolor emitting LEDs

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