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A Comparison of Semi-Lagrangian and Lagrange-galerkin hp-FEM Methods in Convection-Diffusion Problems

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Communications in Computational Physics 2011年第4期9卷 1020-1039页

作者： Pedro galan del Sastre Rodolfo Bermejo Departamento de Matematica Aplicada al Urbanismo a la Edificacion y al Medio AmbienteE.T.S.A.M.Universidad Politecnica de MadridAvda.Juan de Herrera 428040 MadridSpain Departamento de Matematica Aplicada E.T.S.I.I.Universidad Politecnica de MadridC/Jose Gutierrez Abascal 228006 MadridSpain

We perform a comparison in terms of accuracy and CPU time between second order BDF semi-Lagrangian and Lagrange-galerkin schemes in combination with high order finite element *** numerical results show that for polynomials of degree 2 semi-Lagrangian schemes are faster than Lagrange-galerkin schemes for the same number of degrees of freedom,however,for the same level of accuracy both methods are about the same in terms of CPU *** polynomials of degree larger than 2,Lagrange-galerkin schemes behave better than semi-Lagrangian schemes in terms of both accuracy and CPU time;specially,for polynomials of degree 8 or ***,we have performed tests on the parallelization of these schemes and the speedup obtained is quasi-optimal even with more than 100 processors.

关键词： Navier-Stokes equations convection-diffusion equations semi-Lagrangian Lagrangegalerkin second order backward difference formula hp-finite element method

Autoimmune Hepatitis Induced after Treatment of Syphilitic Hepatitis

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2022年第1期10卷 174-177页

作者： Hasan Ali Taqi Rizvi Mumtaz Niazi Mark galan Nikolaos Pyrsopoulos Department of Internal Medicine Rutgers University New Jersey Medical SchoolNewarkNJUSA Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine SpartanburgSCUSA Division of gastroenterology and Hepatology Rutgers University New Jersey Medical SchoolNewarkNJUSA Department of Pathology Immunology and Laboratory MedicineRutgers University New Jersey Medical SchoolNewarkNJUSA

We present a unique case of biopsy-proven syphilitic hepa-titis which presented as severe acute liver injury with sig-nificant elevation in aminotransferases and bilirubin,and improved with antibiotic ***,the patient re-turned weeks after initial presentation with new-onset acute liver injury and had developed hypergammaglobulinemia,positive autoantibody titers,and repeat liver biopsy dem-onstrating interface hepatitis,supporting a diagnosis of autoimmune *** had an otherwise unrevealing etiologic workup,and responded to glucocorticoid *** believe that syphilitic hepatitis and its treatment sub-sequently triggered an immunogenic response,leading to autoimmune *** hepatitis is a chronic liver disease thought to manifest as a result of predisposing genetic factors in combination with environmental insults,especially hepatotropic *** is a sexually transmitted disease caused by Treponema pallidum that has been associated with autoimmunity and the develop-ment of *** propose that in the setting of syphilitic hepatitis,a molecular mimicry event resulting from structural similarities between *** and liver antigens,as well as impaired regulatory T-cell function,led to the breakdown of immune tolerance and the onset of au-toimmune *** support this hypothesis,further mo-lecular analyses and case series are necessary to determine if syphilitic hepatitis and its treatment are risk factors for the onset of autoimmune *** hepatitis should be considered early as the cause of acute liver injury in susceptible patients with risk factors for the disease,as prompt recognition and appropriate treatment may prevent progression of liver injury and result in improved outcomes.

关键词： Autoimmune hepatitis Syphilis Molecular mimicry

The ability of sperm selection techniques to remove single- or double-strand DNA damage

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2011年第5期13卷 764-768页

作者： Maria Enciso Miriam Iglesias Isabel galan Jonas Sarasa Antonio gosalvez Jaime gosalvez Unidad de genetica Departamento de Biologia Universidad Aut6noma de Madrid Madrid 28049 Spain Unidad de Reproducci6n Asistida Hospital Quir6n Madrid Madrid 28223 Spain

A wide variety of techniques for the preparation of sperm are currently available, of which the most commonly employed are densitygradient centrifugation （DgC） and swim-up （SUP）. To date, these methods appear to be effective in selecting functional sperm for assisted reproduction techniques （ART）, but they may have negative effects on sperm DNA. In this study, the ability of these semen processing techniques to eliminate spermatozoa containing single- and double-strand DNA damage was assessed by the two-tailed comet assay and the sperm chromatin dispersion test in 157 semen samples from patients seeking assisted reproduction treatment. Our results indicated that SUP and DgC are equally efficient in eliminating spermatozoa containing double-strand DNA damage and sperm with highly damaged （degraded） DNA, as characterized by the presence of both single- and double-strand DNA breaks. However, DgC is more efficient than SUP in selecting spermatozoa that are free from single-strand DNA damage. Future studies should characterise the importance of the various types of DNA damage and examine the sperm processing protocols used in each laboratory to determine their ability to eliminate DNA damage and hence, prevent the potential transmission of genetic mutations via ART.

关键词： density-gradient centrifugation male factor sperm chromatin dispersion sperm DNA fragmentation swim-up

global parasite and Rattus rodent invasions: The consequences for rodent-borne diseases

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Integrative Zoology 2015年第5期10卷 409-423页

作者： Serge MORAND Frédéric BORDES Hsuan-Wien CHEN Julien CLAUDE Jean-François COSSON Maxime galan gáborÁCZIRJÁK Alex D gREENWOOD Alice LATINNE Johan MICHAUX Alexis RIBAS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique(CNRS)-Centre de coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement(CIRAD)Animal et gestion Intégrée des Risques Centre d’Infectiologie Christophe Mérieux du LaosVientianeLao PDR Department of Helminthology Faculty of Tropical MedicineMahidol UniversityBangkokThailand Institut des Sciences de l’Evolution Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique(CNRS)-Universitéde Montpellier-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement(IRD)MontpellierFrance Department of Biological Resources National Chiayi UniversityChiayi CityTaiwanChina Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique(INRA) Centre de Biologie et de Gestion des PopulationsBaillarguetFrance Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique(INRA) UMR Biologie et Immunologie Parasitaire Agence Nationale de SécuritéSanitaire de l’Alimentationde l’Environnement et du Travail sesMaisons-AlfortFrance Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research.Department of Wildlife Diseases 10315 BerlinGermany Conservation genetics Unit.University of Liège 4000 Liège Belgium Biodiversity Research group Faculty of ScienceUdon Thani Rajabhat UniversityUdon ThaniThailand

We summarize the current knowledge on parasitism-related invasion processes of the globally invasive Rattus lineages,originating from Asia,and how these invasions have impacted the local epidemiology of rodent-borne *** play an important role in the invasion processes and successes of their hosts through multiple biological mechanisms such as“parasite release,”“immunocompetence advantage,”“biotic resistance”and“novel weapon.”Parasites may also greatly increase the impact of invasions by spillover of parasites and other pathogens,introduced with invasive hosts,into new hosts,potentially leading to novel emerging *** potential impact is the ability of the invader to amplify local parasites by *** both cases,local fauna and humans may be exposed to new health risks,which may decrease biodiversity and potentially cause increases in human morbidity and *** we review the current knowledge on these processes and propose some research priorities.

关键词： biological invasion immunocompetence parasite release spillback spillover

Avalonia,get bent!–Paleomagnetism from SW Iberia confirms the greater Cantabrian Orocline

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geoscience Frontiers 2021年第2期12卷 805-825页

作者： Bruno Daniel Leite Mendes Daniel Pastor-galan Mark J.Dekkers Wout Krijgsman Paleomagnetic Laboratory Fort Hoofddijk Department of Earth SciencesUtrecht UniversityBudapestlaan 173584CDthe Netherlands Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences Tohoku UniversityJapan Department Earth Science Tohoku UniversityJapan Center for North East Asia Studies Tohoku University980-857641 KawauchiAoba-kuSendaiMiyagiJapan

The amalgamation of Pangea formed the contorted Variscan-Alleghanian orogen,suturing gondwana and Laurussia during the *** all swirls of this orogen,a double curve in Iberia stands out,the coupled Cantabrian Orocline and Central Iberian *** Cantabrian Orocline formed at ca.315–290 Ma subsequent to the Variscan *** formation mechanism of the Cantabrian Orocline is disputed,the most commonly proposed mechanisms include either(1)that south-westernmost Iberia would be an Avalonian(Laurussian)indenter or(2)that the stress field changed,buckling the *** contrast,the geometry and kinematics of the Central Iberian curve are largely *** some authors defend both curvatures are genetically linked,others support they are distinct and formed at different *** uncertainty adds an extra layer of complexity to our understanding of the final stages of Pangea’s *** solve these issues,we study the late Carboniferous–early Permian vertical-axis rotations of SW Iberia with *** results show up to 70counterclockwise vertical-axis rotations during late Carboniferous times,concurring with the anticipated kinematics if SW Iberia was part of the southern limb of the Cantabrian *** results do not allow the necessary penecontemporaneous clockwise rotations in Central Iberia to support a concomitant formation of both Cantabrian and Central Iberian *** coherent rotation of both gondwanan and Avalonian pieces of SW Iberia discards the Laurussian indenter hypothesis as a formation mechanism of the Cantabrian Orocline and confirms the greater Cantabrian Orocline *** greater Cantabrian Orocline likely formed as a consequence of a change in the stress field during the late Carboniferous and extended beyond the Rheic Ocean suture affecting the margins of both Laurussia and gondwana.

关键词： Pangea Variscan orogeny greater Cantabrian Orocline Paleomagnetism Central Iberian curve

Liquid biopsy approach to pancreatic cancer

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World Journal of gastrointestinal Oncology 2021年第10期13卷 1263-1287页

作者： Sonia Perales Carolina Torres Cristina Jimenez-Luna Jose Prados Joaquina Martinez-galan Jose Manuel Sanchez-Manas Octavio Caba Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I Faculty of SciencesUniversity of GranadaGranada 18071Spain Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology III and Immunology Faculty of SciencesUniversity of GranadaGranada 18071Spain Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine(IBIMER) Center of Biomedical Research(CIBM)University of GranadaGranada 18100Spain Department of Medical Oncology Hospital Universitario Virgen de las NievesGranada 18011Spain School for International Postgraduate Studies University of GranadaGranada 18071Spain

Pancreatic cancer(PC)continues to pose a major clinical *** has been little improvement in patient survival over the past few decades,and it is projected to become the second leading cause of cancer mortality by *** dismal 5-year survival rate of less than 10%after the diagnosis is attributable to the lack of early symptoms,the absence of specific biomarkers for an early diagnosis,and the inadequacy of available *** patients are diagnosed when the disease has already metastasized and cannot be *** interception is vital,actively intervening in the malignization process before the development of a full-blown advanced *** early diagnosis of PC has a dramatic impact on the survival of patients,and improved techniques are urgently needed to detect and evaluate this disease at an early *** is difficult to obtain tissue biopsies from the pancreas due to its anatomical position;however,liquid biopsies are readily available and can provide useful information for the diagnosis,prognosis,stratification,and follow-up of patients with PC and for the design of individually tailored *** aim of this review was to provide an update of the latest advances in knowledge on the application of carbohydrates,proteins,cell-free nucleic acids,circulating tumor cells,metabo-lome compounds,exosomes,and platelets in blood as potential biomarkers for PC,focusing on their clinical relevance and potential for improving patient outcomes.

关键词： Pancreatic cancer Biomarkers Liquid biopsy Clinical management Cancer interception Cancer monitoring

Inflammatory effect on the gastrointestinal system associated with COVID-19

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2021年第26期27卷 4160-4171页

作者： Paulina Delgado-gonzalez Carlos A gonzalez-Villarreal Jorge A Roacho-Perez Adriana g Quiroz-Reyes Jose Francisco Islas Juan Luis Delgado-gallegos Daniel Arellanos-Soto Kame A galan-Huerta Elsa N garza-Treviño Departamento de Bioquimica y Medicina Molecular UANLMonterrey 64610Nuevo LeónMexico Universidad de Monterrey UDEM Vicerrectoria de Ciencias de la SaludMonterrey 66238Nuevo LeonMexico

The severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2(SARS-CoV-2)that causes coronavirus disease-2019(COVID-19)has provoked a global pandemic,mainly affecting the respiratory tract;however,a percentage of infected individuals can develop gastrointestinal(gI)*** studies describe the development of gI symptoms and how they affect the progression of *** this review,we summarize the main mechanisms associated with gut damage during infection by SARS-CoV-2 as well as other organs such as the liver and *** only are host factors associated with severe COVID-19 but intestinal microbiota dysbiosis is also observed in patients with severe disease.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 gastrointestinal symptoms COVID-19 gastrointestinal system

The variability of juvenile dispersal in an opportunistic raptor

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Current Zoology 2023年第3期69卷 244-254页

作者： Jorge garcia-Macia gabriel Lopez-Poveda Javier De La Puente Ana Bermejo-Bermejo Manuel galan Ernesto Alvarez Sara Morollon Vicente Urios Vertebrates Zoology Research group University of AlicanteApdo.99E-03080 AlicanteSpain SEO/BirdLife Bird Monitoring UnitC/Melquiades Biencinto34E-28053MadridSpain gREFA C/MontedelPilarS/NE-28220 MajadahondaMadridSpain

The juvenile dispersal of raptors is a crucial stage that stretches from parental independence to the establishment of the first breeding *** 2012 and 2020,44 juvenile red kites Milvus milvus from the Spanish breeding population were tagged using gPS telemetry to study their *** left the parental breeding area at the end of their first summer and performed wandering movements throughout the Iberian Peninsula,returning to the parental breeding area the following year,repeating the same pattern until they settled in their first breeding *** analyzed the mean distance from the nest,the maximum reached distances,and the traveled distances(daily and hourly)during the first 2 years of dispersal and compared *** the high individual variability,variables describing the dispersal movements of juveniles showed a decreasing trend during the second dispersal year:80% of individuals reached a shorter maximum distance in the second year,70% decreased their mean distance to the nest,65% decreased their hourly traveled distances,and 50% decreased their daily traveled *** the other hand,the red kites usually combined wandering movements with the establishment of temporary settlement areas(TSA).The average duration of settlement in the TSAs was 75±40 days(up to 182 days)and was located at 182±168 km from the *** those areas,juveniles used 781.0±1895.0 km^(2)(KDE 95%).Some of the TSAs were used by several individuals,which suggests that these areas might be good targets for conservation in future management plans.

关键词： gPS telemetry landfills movement ecology natal dispersal red kite spatial ecology

Effect of the thin cell layer technique in the induction of somatic embryos in Pinus patula Schl. et Cham

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Journal of Forestry Research 2019年第4期30卷 1535-1539页

作者： Marco A.Ramirez-Mosqueda Lourdes g.Iglesias-Andreu Arturo A.Armas-Silva Esmeralda J.Cruz-gutierrez Jose F.de la Torre-Sanchez Otto R.Leyva-Ovalle Carlos M.galan-Paez Instituto de Biotecnologfa y Ecologfa Aplicada(INBIOTECA) Universidad Veracruzana.Av.de las Culturas Veracruzanas No.101Campus para la Culturalas Artes y el DeporteCol.Emiliano ZapataC.P.91090 XalapaVeracruzMexico Centro Nacional de Recursos geneticos-INIFAP Boulevard de la Biodiversidad No.400 Rancho las CrucesC.P.47600 Tepatitlan de MorelosJaliscoMexico Facultad de Ciencias Bioldgicas y Agropecuarias Region Cordoba-Orizaba Universidad VeracruzanaC.P.94945 Amatlan de los ReyesVeracruzMexico

Pinus patula is a species commonly used for reforestation in ***,efficient methods for the mass production seedlings are *** particularly by somatic embryogenesis provides an option for the rapid multiplication of high-quality,genetically improved *** study induces somatic embryogenesis in this species using the thin cell layer(TCL)*** sources of explants(complete immature embryos;lTCL segments from immature embryos)were *** efficiency of TCL from longitudinal sections[lTCL]and transverse[tTCL]was *** results show using thin cell layers from immature embryos cultivated in 16 light/8 dark hours achieves induction of somatic embryos.A higher percentage of embryogenic callus was obtained when tTCL segments were used as an explant *** results produced somatic embryos from tTCL segments of an immature embryo without germinating the seed,making the process more time *** addition,this technique can be used to generate somatic embryogenesis in forest species that have low germination rates.

关键词： Pinus patula Somatic embryos Micropropagation Thin cell layer Maturation